People and Ideas on the Move
3.2 Roots of Hinduism and Buddhism
HinduismCollection of religious beliefs that
developed over a long period of time
Founded by many people with 1000’s gods
Upanishads—sacred writingsLiberation from desire and suffering
Moksha—perfect understanding of all thingsRelease from lifeThis takes many lifetimes
Reincarnation—rebirth of the soulKarma—good and bad deed that
determine one’s standing in life
Hindu GodsPolytheistic—Believe in many
gods3 main Gods
Brahma—creatorVishnu—protectorShiva—destroyer
Off shoot of HinduismJainism—nothing in the world
should be harmed
Buddha andBuddhismFounder—Siddhartha
GautamaLeft his palace seeking
enlightenment (wisdom)4 Noble TruthsEightfold Path leads to
NirvanaRejected gods and caste
systemPopular with the lower
class and womenBuddhism spreads
through trade
Seafaring traders were able spread new ideas, culture, religion, and good over great
distances
MinoansDominated trade in eastern Med from 2000-
1400 BCEIsland of CreteExported goods and cultureKing Minos
Bull leapingPainted potteryWomen led rituals
PhoeniciansDominated
trade after the Minoans
Several of city-states throughout the Mediterranean
Excellent shipbuilders
AlphabetTrade also
stretched to the far east (India, China)
3.4 Origins of Judaism
The Hebrews, later called the Jews, would eventually settle in
Palestine
The Hebrews, later called the Jews, would eventually settle in Palestine
Search for the Promise LandCanaan—land God promised to the HebrewsTorah—Hebrew Bible (Old Testament)(Old Testament)Abraham—”father” of the Hebrews
Ur Canaan EgyptYahwehMonotheismCovenant
EgyptAt first welcomed,
but later forced into slavery
The ExodusMosesNew Covenant—10
CommandmentsReturn to Canaan
IsraelHarsh conditions, and
landscapeJudah3 Kings
Saul, David, and Solomon
JerusalemTribute paid to the AssyriansBabylonians conquered and
enslaved the JewsSet free by King Cyrus