What are Protists
• Any group of EUKARYOTIC organisms belonging to the kingdom Protista.
• Signal- celled organisms
Adaptations
Some protists, including paramecium and amoeba, have a Contractile Vacuole.
This structure is used for water regulation, pumping out excess water.
• Protists have adaptive structures for movement including Cilia, Pseudopodia, and Flagella
Adaptations
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXcEACQv5-8
Paramecium movement using cilia:
Amoeba movement using pseudopods:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsYpngBG394
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-uxWx6bnQ4Y
Euglena movement using flagella:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7DALQ-XLJ4Q
Something cool : Euglena is a dietary supplement in the powder form.
• Some protists are AUTOTROPHS, they manufacture their own energy through
photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
Adaptations
• Euglena have an EYESPOT: a photoreceptive organelle that allows the cells to sense LIGHT direction and intensity and respond to it by swimming either towards the light (positive phototaxis) or away from the light (negative phototaxis).
Positive Phototaxis
Their EYESPOT draws them towards sunlight so their CHLOROPLASTS can make food. (photosynthesis). Euglena are autotrophic AND….
• Euglena, and Amoeba are heterotrophic: they get their energy by consuming other organisms
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpw2p1x9Cic
Start here
•Amoeba ENDOCYTOSIS:phagocytosis = solid foodpinocytosis = liquid food
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6rnhiMxtKU
Paramecium are also heterotrophic. They get nutrition by sweeping food into their gullet, using digestive
enzymes, and then exocytosis
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4aZE5FQ284
• Most protists reproduce asexually by binary fission.
http://footage.shutterstock.com/clip-236788-stock-footage-a-microscopic-sequence-showing-paramecium-dividing-by-binary-fission.html?language=de
Words to know for quiz!• Mitosis: Process of nuclear division by
making new body cells (4 stages) Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
• Interphase: period of cell cycle in which most time is spent. G1, S and G2
• Daughter cells :cells that come from the parent cells dividing to make new cells (MOTHER & DAUGHTER.
• Cytokinesis: Division of cytoplasm and the end of Mitosis.