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PSY 110 WK 7 QUIZ 6 CHAPTER 6PSY 110 WK 7 Quiz 6 Chapter 6
Match the letter with the correct definition.
a. An individual difference measure of people's likelihood to evaluate objects
b. An uncomfortable feeling that incites the need to decrease it
c. An estimate of the probability that something is true
d. The degree to which an attitude is held
e. We often infer our internal states (such as our attitudes) by observing our behavior
f. Having little external reasons for performing a behavior
g. The tendency to develop more positive feelings toward objects and individuals the more we
experience them
h. Evaluation of an object that is activated automatically from memory and without a person's
awareness
i. Evaluation of an object that is consciously held
j. An attitude developed because an object is associated with a positive or negative outcome
k. Learning through association whereby one salient stimuli is associated with another stimuli that is
out of conscious awareness
l. A positive or negative evaluation of an object
m. Learning in which behavior is strengthened by reinforcement and weakened if followed by
punishment
n. Learning through indirect pairings between a positive or negative stimulus and the attitude object
o. A person's judgment about whether people will approve of a particular behavior
p. The ease with which an attitude is activated
q. An attitude developed to protect self from unpleasant truths
r. Idea of how easy or difficult it is to perform a behavior
s. An enduring belief about important life aspects that transcends situations
t. An attitude developed to illustrate one's personal beliefs about life
u. People develop and changes their attitudes based on the degree to which they satisfy different
psychological needs
1. Value
________________________________________
2. Attitude
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3. Belief
________________________________________
4. Mere exposure effect
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5. Operant conditioning
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6. Classical conditioning
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7. Subliminal conditioning
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8. Self-perception theory
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9. Functional approach
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10. Need to evaluate scale
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11. Utilitarian function
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12. Ego-defensive function
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13. Value-expressive function
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14. Dissonance
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15. Attitude strength
________________________________________
16. Attitude accessibility
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17. Subjective norms
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18. Perceived behavioral control
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19. Insufficient justification
________________________________________
20. Implicit attitude
________________________________________
21. Explicit attitude
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22. The ______ view of attitude proposes that thoughts, feelings, and actions are parts of attitudes;
however, recent research indicates that not all of these must be present for an attitude to exist.
________________________________________
23. Norton has planned activities to promote Earth Day eleven times. He often says, "We need to
take care of the earth for future generations." For Norton, environmentalism is a/an ______.
________________________________________
24. People with a high ______ ______ _______ can report attitudes easily, even toward unfamiliar
objects.
________________________________________
25. Bernice doesn't buy meat because she is opposed to killing animals. Charlotte doesn't buy meat
because she cannot afford to do so. Bernice's negative attitude toward meat is _______, whereas
Charlotte's is ______.
________________________________________
26. The tendency to form more positive feelings toward attitude objects the more often we see or
experience them is called the ______ ______ effect.
________________________________________
27. Neurological researchers of mere exposure have found that the left hemisphere plays a role in
our liking of______, while the right hemisphere is responsible for our liking of______.
________________________________________
28. Jenna decides not to fly NextBest Airlines after hearing her friend Jessica tell about how she was
stranded in Detroit by NextBest for two days. Jenna's attitude is formed through the process of
______ ______.
________________________________________
29. The formation of attitudes through the exposure to stimuli without conscious awareness is
referred to as ______ ______.
________________________________________
30. The proposition that behavior causes attitudes is the premise of ______ ______ _______.
________________________________________
31. Attitudes that are held without much conscious awareness and are activated automatically are
called ______.
________________________________________
32. I like this class because it helps me understand the world around me. For me, this class serves a
______ ______.
________________________________________
33. A person who subscribed to the notion that "clothes make the man" would probably feel that
clothes serve a ______ ______.
________________________________________
34. People who are high in _______ _______ _______ are more likely to think about their
evaluations of an object.
________________________________________
35. Years ago when political pollsters asked, "How likely are you to vote for Candidate Vic?" they
often got unreliable results. Now they ask, "If the election were held tomorrow, how likely would you
be to vote for Candidate Vic?" Attitude researchers would say that the contemporary pollster's
question has greater level of ______.
________________________________________
36. People who are ______ self-aware are more likely to act consistently with their attitudes.
________________________________________
37. The feeling of discomfort caused by performing an action that is inconsistent with one's attitudes
is called ______ ______.
________________________________________
38. A factor related to personal involvement is ______ ______, which tends to result in stronger
attitudes.
________________________________________
39. The idea that people think rationally about their behavioral intentions before they act is a part of
the ______ ______ ______ ______.
________________________________________
40. Dan has a job that pays very little money and forces him to deal with an unpleasant boss. When
asked why he persists, he says, "I love my job!" One reason offered by cognitive dissonance for his
attitude about his job is that Dan has ______ ______ for doing his work.
________________________________________
41. Katie and Betsy join a new club. Katie went through a difficult and embarrassing initiation period,
but Betsy was out of town during initiation. Katie is likely to will hold more ________ attitudes about
the club than will Betsy.
________________________________________
42. A counterattitudinal action that is freely chosen will ______ dissonance, compared to an action
that is not freely chosen.
________________________________________
43. Individualist cultures tend to place ______ emphasis on attitude-behavior consistency than do
collectivist cultures.
________________________________________
44. Why has the study of attitudes been so central in social psychology?
A. Attitudes and attitude change are assumed to be important influences on social behavior.
B. Attitudes and values are closely related and thus are important areas for study.
C. The definition of attitude has changed over the years yet has remained controversial.
D. All of our actions, beliefs, and motivations are caused by our attitudes.
45. Which of the following statements about the concept of attitude is NOT accurate?
A. An attitude always has a referent (an object, event, idea, person, and so on).
B. An attitude involves an evaluation of an attitude object.
C. Attitudes are formed based on beliefs, feelings, and behavioral responses.
D. Attitudes are guiding principles for a person's behavior.
46. Which of the following statements BEST describes the current perspective on the way in which
attitudes are formed?
A. Attitudes appear to have a genetic basis, which helps explain the similarity between the attitudes
of parents and their offspring.
B. Beliefs, feelings, and past behavior are the sources of our evaluative judgments about attitude
objects.
C. The single most important source of attitudes in contemporary life is subjective norms.
D. Attitudes are formed from values, which are our more specific beliefs about important life goals.
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