UNIVERSIDAD CÁTOLICA DE LA SSMA. CONCEPCIÓN

English Methodology II

Reflective Teaching: Looking Closely

Student: Andrés Hunter

Teacher: Claudio Diaz

Concepción, 24th November 2009

Reflective teaching is the third chapter of the book Pursuing Professional

Development, which was written by Bailey, Curtis and Nunan in 2001. The purpose of

this chapter is to explain what reflective teaching is and also the importance of adopting

it during our career. To begin with, Bailey et al. (2001) mentioned several authors who

proposed different interpretations of reflective teaching; among those definitions we can

conclude that reflective teaching includes the following ideas: it requires to think about

possible options or alternatives to reach goals or aims at the end of a period of time

(class of semester); it demands to collect data and analyze it from classrooms; it should

consider also the social conditions of the classroom in general and also student’s

contexts. In fact, Leo Bartlett (1990) expanded the last point indicating that "the

relationship between an individual's thought and action and the relationship between an

individual teacher and his or her membership in a larger collective called society" (as

cited in Bailey, Curtis & Nunan, 2001, p. 37). Briefly, we can also find, among other

ideas, that reflecting about teaching requires also taking actions and decisions in

relation of what teachers may or are experiencing in the classroom. From the previous

idea underlies the concepts of “reflection-in-action (during our teaching) and reflection-

on-action (before or after our teaching)” (Bailey et al., 2001, p. 37). Continuing with this

idea, Zeichner and Liston (1996) exposed that a reflective teacher must be, among other

characteristics, attentive with the student’s contexts and also he must be responsible

with his own professional development. The process of reflection is subdivided into 5

different categories, on one side we have rapid reflection and repair reflection (both are

performed in action) and on the other side, review and research reflections are

processes carried on after classes (in other words, both are performed on action). The

last dimension is retheorizing and reformulating reflection which is based on the analysis

of teaching and learning theories with their results obtained from classrooms. Finally,

reflecting about teaching practices is a good opportunity to improve teaching but it

requires being critical with yourself. One of the problems which may be faced during this

process is that your beliefs about teaching could be wrong or they are not producing

learning in the students, so it is hard to confront individually. Therefore, it is highly

important to work with somebody who is experiencing similar situations because they

can work together and help themselves with opinions and support.

Analyzing this document, there are some significant elements which I have to

highlight. This text begins with a question (with subsequent ones) that helps you to start

thinking about reflection, thus I could say that it began in a friendly interaction with the

readers. Besides, in order to understand the concepts provided by the authors, there are

fictional situations which depict the concepts mentioned before in action; I mean the

authors mention and explain concepts and include situations in which you can

appreciate them immediately. Additionally, it is worth-value of this text is that it contains

activities to develop as you continue reading; these activities contribute to the

understanding of the text in a great manner because you practice what you read before

with the same examples from which the concepts were illustrated. Unluckily, what I can

criticize from this chapter is that the authors explained the importance of why we should

complicate our lives with the reflective teaching process and also the problems that we

may face during this process at the end of this chapter. Even though these concepts are

well-explained, I think the authors did not pay much attention to these elements, which

are fundamental if you want to start reflecting about your teaching. Therefore, I would

widen these concepts with more ideas and explanations because they reflect the human

side of the process of reflective teaching.

Reference

Bailey, K. M., Curtis, A., Nunan, D. (2001). Pursuing professional development: The self

as source. Boston, MA/US: Heinle & Heinle Publishers.