Two Types of Sleep Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep Four
different stages (1 [lightest] 4 [deepest]) Mixed-frequency EEG low
amplitude, high frequency or high amplitude, low frequency
Relatively little muscle movements Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
Low-amplitude, high frequency EEG Synchronous eye movements
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZ6I9N7t7Vc Paralysis Narcolepsy:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvMyuZKGKAYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvMyuZKGKAY
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Time Course of Sleep
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Ontogeny of Sleep
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Neural Control of Sleep
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Neural Control of (NREM) Sleep Bottom-Up Processing
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Flip-Flop Circuit Cliff Saper, Bob McCarley, Jerome Siegel
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Neural Control of (REM) Sleep PGO waves
pons-geniculate-occipital areas OR Brainstem-Thalamus-Occipital
Cortex
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Brain-Spinal Cord Induction of Paralysis During REM sleep
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Neural Control of Spindles
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Really Cool Probing of Sleep- Regulatory Areas With
Optogenetics
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Circadian Rhythms
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Basic Criteria of Circadian Rhythms Any physiological or
behavioral process that oscillates predictably across 24 hrs This
rhythm can be shifted by environmental factors (light, drugs,
mating) Persist even with the removal of environmental factors
(light, seasons)
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Some Out-of-Phase Physiological Rhythms
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Rhythms in Humans Nathaniel Kleitman and Eugene Aserinsky
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Neural (SCN) Control of Rhythms SCN: Suprachiasmatic
Nucleus
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Beyond the SCN: Molecular Control of Rhythms
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Real-Time Recording of Molecular Feedback in the SCN
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Working in Tandem Interaction between sleep and circadian brain
systems characterized as the two- process model