Spanish Conquests in Peru
Who was in Peru?• The Incas
• Ecuador to Chile (Andes mtns.)• Settle in Valley of Cuzco• Rulers were descended from the
sun god Inti• Bring prosperity and greatness• Men from one of eleven families
(descendents)
Pachacuti Build an EmpirePachacuti
Unified (conquered all of Peru)
Powerful military Offered surrenderAllowed to keep own
customs and rulesLoyalty
Incan Government Creates Unity• Extensive road
system• Rulers divided their
territory• Quechau- official
language• Founded schools to
teach the Incan ways• Groups identified by
certain patterns of clothing
Incan Cities Show Government Presence• All roads led to
Cuzco• Houses built of solid
stone
Incan GovernmentTotal controlRegulated
production and distribution of goods
Allowed little private commerce
Allyu- community cooperation
Incan Government• Ayllu
– Irrigation canals– Cutting agricultural
terraces– Stored food to
distribute during hard times
• Families divided into groups of 10, 100, 1000, 10,000
Incan Government• Mita- was the labor
tribute• Have to work for the
state a certain number of days
• Incan system more like socialism or modern welfare state
Incan GovernmentAged and disabled
taken care of by the state
State fed peopleFreeze-dried
potatoes (chunos)Stored in warehouse
for food shortages
Public Work Projects14,000 mile road program
Paved to simple paths
Built guest houses and shelters along the road
Chasquis- traveled the road as a postal service
Easy way to move troops
Government Record-KeepingInca never developed a writing system
History and literature done through oral tradition
Quipa- series of knots used as an accounting system
Government Record KeepingPosition of knots and
colors meant different thingsRes strings-
warriorsYellow strings-gold
Inca had two different calendars
Gods ruled the day and the time
Religion Supports the StateWorshipped fewer
godsKey nature spirits
MoonStars, thunder
Viracocha- the creator
Sun worship amounted to worshipping the king
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kKeB82retLshttp://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQNxazAr1Xo
Pizarro Subdues the Incas
Pizarro meets Atahualpa
Spanish crush Incan force; kidnapped Atahualpa.
Promise
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