The World on Oil
The World On Hydrogen
The End of Cheap OilThe End of Cheap Oil …
Oil PRICES ON THE RISE
Average cost of barrel of West Texas Intermediate Crude
2003 20052004 2006
$29
$55
$38
$78
Top 10 Foreign Suppliers of U.S. Oil
Hugo Chavez, President of Venezuela: “…use geopolitical power from oil.”
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran: “Rich nations should be paying $100 / barrel…”
Energy Security?
Cars line up to buy gas in China's Guangdong province, August 17, 2005. (China Daily)
*Exxon Mobil Energy outlook
Global Energy
Demand to Grow 60% by 2030*
Demand will require 40% increase in OPEC Oil
What about ANWR?
ANWR:1 million barrels / day 10 years from now…
27 million barrels / day
2006 2020
U.S. Consumption of Oil (million barrels /day)
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2006 2010 2020
Near term:Near term:– Conservation measures
Mid term:Mid term:– Hybrid, flexible fuel, ethanol &
methanol, bio-diesel, better batteries
Long term:Long term:– Transitioning to the hydrogen economy
The Road Ahead
Near Term - Conservation• The average US family could save 25 % -- up to $400 a year on
its power bill.
• Replace old bulbs with Compact Florescent Lighting (CFL) – saving up to $74 over the life of the bulb and last 8-10 times as long
• Un-plug chargers or plug them into a power strip you can switch off.
• Set your thermostat comfortably high in the summer and comfortably low in the winter
• Adjust your water-heater to 120°F
• Properly inflate tires, keep trunk empty, observe speed limit. - each 5 mph you drive over 60 mph is like paying an additional $0.20 per gallon for gas
BiofuelsBiofuels
Medium-Term New Sources
Fuel EfficiencyFuel Efficiency
Utilities – Clean techUtilities – Clean techNuclear PowerNuclear Power
Renewables
Why hydrogen?
•Safe•Abundant•Clean
Gasoline tank fireHydrogen tank fire
What About Fire?
• Commitment• Collaboration• Discovery
Our part in theHydrogen Economy
Commitment
May 25, 1961
"to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the Earth."
Neil Armstrong: “One small step for man. One giant leap for mankind.” July 20, 1969
Collaboration
CLEMSON-ICAR
Center for Fuel Cell Research
DiscoveryHydrogen StorageHydrogen Storage– Needs to be about 300 milesNeeds to be about 300 miles
Fuel CellFuel Cell CostCost – – Now about $110 a kW; Now about $110 a kW;
• Needs to be about $30 per kWNeeds to be about $30 per kW
H2 Cost H2 Cost – – Now $4 gallon of gas equivalent Now $4 gallon of gas equivalent (gge)(gge) Needs to be about $3 gge. Needs to be about $3 gge.
H-Prize
• The most non-governmental way government can achieve clear results.
• Provides results-based financial incentives to harness the creative, can-do spirit of Americans.
H-PrizeH-Prize
H-PrizesH-Prizes
1) Technical Breakthroughs
2) Prototypes
3) Transformational Technologies
We can. Because we have.
Transcontinental Railroad last spike on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah
We can. Because we have.
August 15, 1914 the Panama Canal opened after nine years of grueling effort
We can. Because we have.
July 16, 1945, Manhattan project results in first successful atom bomb test at Trinity Site
How Long?Transcontinental Railroad1863-1869 6 years
Panama Canal1905-1914 9 years
Manhattan Project1942-1945 3+ years
Moon Landing1961-1969 8 years
Hydrogen economy2003 - ?
Want to Land an Eagle?
We can. Because we must.