TNO’s perspective on dutch subsurface information for GEO-ELEC: a geological survey and national geo-energy research perspective
Jan-Diederik van Wees
GeoELEC workshop Utrecht 24 januari 2012
Outline
General Data availability
Play types
Mesozoic Aquifers, currently target for direct heat – information
system ThermoGIS
Deep temperature, active faults, chararacterization of ‘paleozoic
rocks
Well & Seismic Data
Wells: 5876
Seismic: 72.000 km
Log data
Dutch database: over 50 billion Euro of data
Gamma ray
Sonic
Resistivity
Neutron, etc
Petrophysics
Cores: 100 km
Poro/perm: 60.000 measurements
(300.000 total)
www.NLOG.nl
•All kinds of well data & seismic data accessible and free to download
Seismic interpretation Lateral resolution 250 m
Mesozoic structure
Reasons to develop ThermoGIS Permits geothermal energy 2010
Gas fields
Permit areas
Interest is booming
Currently over 100 permits granted
Geological properties and uncertainties
Independent analysis and information
Overview potential areas and ‘hot spots’
Performance assessment
Quickscan
Realization of market opportunities
General development scheme
ThermoGIS – project on aquifers
Comprehends:
3D mapping reservoirs (aquifers)
Depth, thickness and temperature Temperature
(Thickness) porosity, permeability Transmissivity
Uncertainties
Potential energy
Development ThermoGIS application
Visualisation map
Performance assessment tool
Economic assessment tool
October 10, 2011
Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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Van Wees et al.,2012
Bonte et al.,2012
Pluymaekers et al., 2012
Kramers et al.,2012
Potential estimates – for specific application areas
October 10, 2011
Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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Doublet performance
October 10, 2011
Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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Flow-rate Q Dp
Dp generated by pumps
Which consume electricity
Dp is restricted by safety
measures
Dp at surface does not linearly lead to
Higher flow rates (friction in tubes)
Permeability X thickness
Viscosity distance
D
Sr
L
kHpQ
w
ln
2
E [MWth] = Q*DT * CP
Tp=70 C Ti=25 C
Sensitivity to transmissivity (kH)
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Doublet Power [MWth]
Dep
th [
km
]
5 Dm
7.5 Dm
10 Dm
15 Dm
20 Dm
50 Dm
100 Dm
October 10, 2011
Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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Tgreenhouse = 45
Treturn = 25
Tg = 30C/km
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Costs of Energy [EUR/GJ]
Dep
th [
km
]
5 Dm
7.5 Dm
10 Dm
15 Dm
20 Dm
50 Dm
100 Dm
Aquifer depth and thickness mapping
October 10, 2011
Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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Aquifer distribution M
em
be
r
Aquifer Selection
3D modelling
DST (N=52)
BHT(N=1241)
Results - temperature (1)
Input
process
Legend
* marked by uncertainty
φaverage
transmissivity
map
well data
3D subsurface
models
porosity map
petrophysical
analysis kaverage
collocated
co-kriging
permeability
trend map
permeability
map
max burial depth
linear
transformation
regression
Ln(kav) = a + bφav
k x H
aquifer thickness
Calculated well averages
residuals k
trend
kriging
*
*
*
* 1
2
3 4
5
Property mapping
• Automated workflow
• Connectivity to database
• Geostatisics for uncertainties
Property mapping and uncertainties (2)
Property mapping and uncertainties (3)
Rotliegendes aquifer
Potential Map
Rotliegendes aquifer
potential map vs earlier assessments
Mapped stratigraphic areas
White: insufficient amount of data or other stratigraphic units (like
Carboniferous)
2007 2011
Main points Aquifers
Free access to oil and gas data excellent stepping stone for
geothermal exploration and information systems
Over 15 aquifers mapped, stacked in 4 groups
Rotliegendes, Triassic, Jurassic-Cretaceous, Tertiary
Tedhnical potential ca 85,000 PetaJoules, almost equivalent to
heating value of giant groningen gas-field
web-based information system split for different stakeholders
Basic version, not showing subsurface information
Expert version
October 10, 2011
Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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www.thermogis.nl
Geothermal electricity resource assessment
Vision on EGS development (IF-Technology,TNO,KEMA)
Proposal for National Research Program on geothermal energy
Pilot project feasibility studies
TNO National geological survey: Ongoing mapping activities
Diepe geothermie
Nationaal Onderzoek
Programma
Geothermie (NOPG)
Breed inzetbare goedkope duurzame energie
October 10, 2011 Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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26
Cloetingh et al. 2010 (Earth-Science Reviews)
Engineered Geothermal Systems - EGS
BHT data (n=1241)
ICS (n=412)
Initial Cylindrical source
Used to correct simpler AAPG methods
AAPG + AAPGcorrected (n=829)
For comparison
DST much less (n=52)
BHT wells and
E&P licenses
DST data
N=52
Results - temperature (3)
Misfits
October 10, 2011
Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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Implications for EGS
32
October 10, 2011
Depth to Paleozoic basement
(Geluk, 2007)
To be updated by mapping
33
October 10, 2011
Regional studies – VARISCAN BASIN DEVELOPMENT
Dinantian (Ziegler, 1990)
Kombrink, 2008 (PhD thesis)
Page 34
October 10, 2011
Southern Permian Basin Atlas,
Kombrink et al., 2010 Geluk et al., 2007
Carboniferous Carbonate Platforms N
A
B 5km
3000 TWT (ms)
3500 TWT (ms)
2000 TWT (ms)
2500 TWT (ms)
October 10, 2011 Susanne Nelskamp Estimation of erosion
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Carboniferous platforms
Kombrink,
2008 (thesis)
Sonke
(this study)
Mapping of Dinantian-Silisian horizon
High
Low
October 10, 2011 Susanne Nelskamp Estimation of erosion
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Summary
Mesozoic Clastic Aquifers well mapped UR locally in excess of 1%
Temperature data and model
Active faults
Paleozoic Carbonates (platforms) proposed as target in various pilot
projects
October 10, 2011
Susanne Nelskamp
Estimation of erosion
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