TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Terralog Technologies USA, Inc.
BP Hydrogen Energy CO2 Project
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Hydrogen Energy is a joint venture between BP and Rio Tinto
California project using petroleum coke to manufacture hydrogen for 250MW power plant
Capture 1,000,000 metric tons per year CO2 from power plant and sequester underground
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Study areas for siting the power plant included the Los Angeles basin, Ventura basin and southern San Joaquin basin
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Evaluate existing large oil fields and saline aquifers for injection potential
Geology of southern California ideal for sequestration:
• Thick, deep marine sandstones that provide petroleum reservoirs
• Regional shales overlying sands that act as seals
• Geologic structures (anticlinal folds, faults) that provide traps
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Oil Fields
Describe the geology
Wells and production history (oil & gas produced and estimated reserves)
Potential CO2 sequestration targets (typically below 3000ft depth)
Injection capacity
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
L.A. Basin
Salt LakeSan VicenteBeverly Hills
Sawtelle Cheviot Hills
Los Angeles
Las Cienegas
Inglewood
Playa Del ReyPotrero
El SegundoRosecrans
Dominguez 275 million bbl
Bandini
Montebello
Santa Fe Springs 624 million bbl
WhittierSansinena
Brea Olinda
Yorba Linda
Kraemer
Coyote
RichfieldTorrance, 225 million bbl Long Beach Oil Field, 1 billion bbl
Seal Beach Oil Field, 211 million bbl
Belmont OffshoreHuntington Beach, 1.3 billion
Newport
Wilmington Oil Field 2.6 billion bbl
1.4 Offshore1.2 Onshore
0 4 8 12
Pacific
Ocean
Scale in Miles
N
California
LOCATION MAPLA Basin Oil Production: 8.7 billion bbl
LOCATION MAPLA Basin Oil Production: 8.7 billion bbl
Initial study in the Los Angeles Basin, for the BP refinery at Carson, CA, near the Wilmington oil field
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Zone Thickness (ft) Area (mm ft2) Volume (mm ft3) Porosity (%) Permeability (md)
Upper Terminal
300 324 97,200 30.0 735
Lower Terminal
360 324 116,640 29.0 500
Union Pacific
125 108 13,500 29.0 140
Ford 300 108 32,400 24.0 80
237 200 72 14,400 23.0 168
Potential injection zones in the Wilmington field. Area calculated from structure map. Thickness, porosity, permeability data from California Department of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Injection volume calculations for the Wilmington oil field
Increasing pressure and temperature
Field/AreaFormation /
ZoneDepth
(ft)Thicknes
s (ft)
Area (E6 ft2)
Porosity (%)
Pore Vol (ft3)
Pore Vol
(m3)Pressure
(psi)Pressure (Mpa)
Temp (deg F)
Temp (degree
C)Liq CO2 (1000 kg)
1000 kg at 5%
Saturation
Sequestration Vol.
(1000kg)
Wilmington Oil Field(combined) Up Terminal 3000 300 414 30%
3.73E+10
1.04E+09 1500 10.3 90 32 4.84E+08 2.42E+07
Low Terminal 3600 360 414 29%4.32E+1
01.21E+0
9 1800 12.4 108 42 5.62E+08 2.81E+07
Union Pacific 4000 125 198 29%7.18E+0
92.01E+0
8 2000 13.8 120 49 9.33E+07 4.66E+06
Ford 4550 300 198 24%1.43E+1
03.99E+0
8 2275 15.7 137 58 1.85E+08 9.26E+06
237 5500 200 162 23%7.45E+0
92.09E+0
8 2750 19.0 165 74 9.68E+07 4.84E+06 7.10E+07
Total 12851.09E+1
13.06E+0
9 1.42E+09 7.10E+07
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Estimated potential mass storage for all studied oil fields assuming 100% displacement of fluids and 5% total CO2 saturation by volume
Assume CO2 density is about equal to critical point density (464kg/m3)
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Saline Aquifers
Large, deep sedimentary basins
Describe geology based on wildcat wells and published studies
Potential targets larger, deeper than oil field targets
Estimate volume
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
In Los Angeles basin, studied the Central Trough area and offshore Wilminton Graben
Central Trough
WilmingtonGraben
CarsonRefinery
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic FormationsFormation/
ZoneDepth
(ft)Thickness
(ft)
Area (E6 ft2)
Porosity (%)
Pore Vol (ft3)
Pore Vol (m3)
Liq CO2 (1000 kg)
1000kg at 5%
saturation
Puente 15000 1000 3500 15% 5.28E+11 1.48E+10 6.86E+09 3.43E+08
Topanga Gp 20000 700 3500 10% 2.46E+11 6.90E+09 3.20E+09 1.60E+08
Estimated volume for the Central Trough
Field/AreaFormation /
ZoneDepth
(ft)Thicknes
s (ft)
Area (E6 ft2)
Porosity (%)
Pore Vol (ft3)
Pore Vol
(m3)Pressure
(psi)Pressure (Mpa)
Temp (deg F)
Temp (degree
C)Liq CO2 (1000 kg)
1000 kg at 5%
Saturation
Sequestration Vol.
(1000kg)
Wilmington Oil Field(combined) Up Terminal 3000 300 414 30%
3.73E+10
1.04E+09 1500 10.3 90 32 4.84E+08 2.42E+07
Low Terminal 3600 360 414 29%4.32E+1
01.21E+0
9 1800 12.4 108 42 5.62E+08 2.81E+07
Union Pacific 4000 125 198 29%7.18E+0
92.01E+0
8 2000 13.8 120 49 9.33E+07 4.66E+06
Ford 4550 300 198 24%1.43E+1
03.99E+0
8 2275 15.7 137 58 1.85E+08 9.26E+06
237 5500 200 162 23%7.45E+0
92.09E+0
8 2750 19.0 165 74 9.68E+07 4.84E+06 7.10E+07
Total 12851.09E+1
13.06E+0
9 1.42E+09 7.10E+07
Estimated volume for the Wilmington Oil Field
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Structure contour map on the top of Miocene sediments
Created from offshore seismic surveys
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Elk Hills Oil Field
1,300,000Mbbl oil produced; 107,000Mbbl reserves2,150,000MMcf gas produced; 707,000MMcf reserves
1,300,000MMcf gas injected (PM); 1,100,000Mbbl water/steam injected (WF)
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
Hydrogen Power Plant
Elk Hills
Location of plant north of Elk Hills
CO2 used for EOR
Waste water injected at site
40 wells injecting 200,000bbl water/day
TTICO2 Sequestration in Geologic Formations
1. Geological Evaluation of CO2 Sequestration Potential in the Los Angeles and Ventura Basins
2. Preliminary Review of CO2 Sequestration Potential in the Wilmington Graben
3. Preliminary Review of CO2 Sequestration Potential in the Huntington Beach Offshore Oil Field
4. Geological Evaluation of CO2 Sequestration Potential in the Carson Refinery Area and Selected Saline Aquifers in the Los Angeles Basin
5. Geological Evaluation of CO2 Sequestration Potential in the San Joaquin Valley
6. Geology of the Proposed BP Hydrogen Power Plant Area and Suitability for Large Volume Wastewater Injection
7. Geological Evaluation of the CO2 Sequestration Potential in the Ventura Basin
8. Geological Evaluation of the CO2 Sequestration Potential of Saline Aquifers in the Southern San Joaquin Basin