Unit 1

The world of our senses

1. What do you think is the most

dangerous animals in the ocean?

2. What do you know about sharks?

3. What will you do if a shark attacks

you?

There are nearly 400 species of sharks,

which are divided into 8 orders( 目 )

and 30 families( 科 ). There are lots of

differences in sharks.

Basking shark

Shark Species

Whale sharkGreat whiteTiger sharkBlue shark

Shark attacks

Read the article about shark attacks on

page 18 to know more about sharks.

1. How many different types of sharks

are there in the ocean?

2. Do all of them attack humans?

Nearly 400.

No. Only about 30 types are known

to have attacked human beings.

3. What is the most dangerous shark?

4. What sharks are also rather

dangerous?

The great white shark.

Two other sharks are also rather

dangerous: the tiger shark and the

bull shark.

The three types of shark attacks:

In the main type, the shark attacks you

because it mistakes you for a fish, but

when it tastes human flesh it decides to

give up and swims away.

In the second type, the shark pushes

you with its noses to find out if you

are fit to be eaten and then bites you if

it thinks you are. In the third type, the

shark waits for you to swim by and

attacks you suddenly.

To reduce the risk of a shark attack:

★ Do not swim in the dark.

★ Do not go swimming in the ocean if you

have a fresh wound.

★ Do not wear bright clothing or jewellery.

★ Stay in groups.

Advices to follow if a shark attacks you

★ Keep calm. Do not panic.

★ Hit the shark on the nose with your fist

★ Stick your finger in the shark’s eye

Read the second article ‘The

wonderful world of pigeons’ and

answer.

1. What does the article begin with?

It begins with a story.

2. What is the story about?

It is about what an officer did when

his army was attacked by the

enemy.

3. Why does the writer begin with this

story in his article?

To arouse readers’ interest./ To

introduce a wonderful animal —

pigeons.

4. How do pigeons find their way?

Pigeons appear to have a compass

inside them that tells them which

way is north, they also appear to

use their sight and even their sense

of smell to tell them which way they

should go.

Read the last two paragraphs again

and find the main idea for each

paragraph.

Paragraph 5:

Pigeons have the sense of direction, so

their greatest use is to carry the news,

the mail or messages. In wars, they were

able to save the lives and help win.

Paragraph 6:

The reason why pigeons never get lost

is that not only they have a compass

inside but they use their senses of sight

and smell as well.

What other animals whose unique

senses enable them to survive their

environments do you know?

Dogs and rabbits have highly developed

senses of smell and touch.

A spider’s unique sense is sight.

Butterflies and bees have taste receptors

on their feet.

Lions have very good noses, which are

sensitive to smell.

Cats have a well developed sense of touch.

Mice and elephants have good hearing.

Eagle’s eyesight is four times as sharp as

that of a person with perfect vision.

1. Contrary to what many people might

assume, evidence shows that sharks se

ldom attack humans.

contrary adj. 相反的 n. 相反的事实或情况

contrary to sth. 与之相异的，相反的e.g. Contrary to popular belief, many

cats dislike milk.

与普遍的看法相反，许多猫并不

喜欢牛奶。

In the end the contrary was proved true:

he was innocent and she was guilty.

最后证明事实正好相反 : 他是无辜的，而她则有罪。

2. Don’t be frightened by sharks as you

are 30 times more likely to be hit by li

ghtning than be attacked by a shark.

likely adj. 可能的e.g. Tickets are likely to be expensive.

入场券可能很贵。

倍数的表达法有三种： ① A + 谓语 + 倍数词 + 形容词或副词的

比较级 + than + B

② A + 谓语 + 倍数词 + as + 形容词或副词的原级（ + 名词） + as + B

③ A + 谓语 + 倍数词 + 度量名词 + of + B

3. Unlike human, they never get lost

and can always find their way home.

unlike prep. 不像，与……不同e.g. Unlike most systems, this one is very

easy to install.

本系统与多数系统不同，极易安 装。

1. In the main type, the shark attacks

you because it mistakes you for a fish,

but when it tastes human flesh it

decides to give up and swims away.

本句是并列主从复合句，连词 but 连接两个复合句。在第一个复合句中， beca

use 引导一个原因状语从句；第二个复合句中， when 引导一个时间状语从句。 句中 mistake… for… 指“把……错当为……”

e.g. You must be mistaking me for my

younger sister.

你一定是把我错当成我妹妹了。动词 taste 在句子作及物动词，指“辨别出 ( 食品、饮料等味道 )

e.g. She could taste tomato in the soup.

她能够辨别出汤中的番茄味道。

2. In the second type, the shark pushes

you with its noses to find out if you

are fit to be eaten and then bites you

if it thinks you are.

句中第一个 if 引导的是宾语从句，作find out 的宾语；第二个 if 引导的是条件状语从句，其完整形式为： if it t

hinks you are fit to be eaten.

3. Though it may seem hard to believe,

the bird the officer uses is the same

bird often seen in public parks— the

pigeon.

句中的 though 引导让步状语从句，其中 it 代指主句的内容。主句中的 the o

fficer uses 是定语从句，修饰主语 the

bird ， 而 often seen in public parks 是过去分词短语，作 the same bird 的后置定语。

4. Pigeons appear to have a compass inside

them that tells them which way is north.

句中 that 引导定语从句，修 compass 。 在该句中， tell 后接双宾语，直接宾语是 which 引导的宾语从句。

这里的 appear 是系动词，相当于 seem ， 意思是“好像，似乎” e.g. Mary appears to be hesitating about

this matter.

在这件事情上，玛丽似乎还在犹豫。

Producing a TV

show about how

the animal uses

its senses.

Introducing the project

Planning

• Get into groups(6-8).

• Decide which animal to focus on.

• Clear assignments. You can look the

questions on page 19 and assign task

to each group member.

• Search information about the animal

from books, Internet or by visiting a

zoo, watching an animal documentary.

• Focus your research on how the animal

you choose uses its senses.

Preparing

Producing

• Decide what information will be used

in your TV show.• Pictures should be presented in an easy-

to-see way because TV is very visual. • Each member must work on a different

part of the show, keeping in mind the

overall design.

• Every member has to proofread the

writing at least once, correct mistakes

if there are any, and add any new ideas

they can think of.

Presenting

• Present your show to the class.

• Answer any questions other group

might ask.

Complete the sentences

according to the initials.

1. Do you think pleasant smells can

r______ pain?

2. Thank you very much. My success

is closely r______ to your help.

educe

elated

3. Jim stayed up very late to play

computer games yesterday. Now he

is too s_____ to keep his eyes open.

4. ‘My head a_____’ means ‘I have a

headache’.

5. It is very l______ that he will come

to the party. He is free tonight.

ches

ikely

leepy

6. I am trying to figure out what

blood t_____ my son could have.

7. He is d______ impressed by what

you did.

8. I crossed the street to a______

meeting him, but he saw me and

ran to me.

void

ype

eeply

Fill in the blanks with the phrases.

be linked to ， make the most of ， rel

ate to, make progress

1. As a leader, his heart ___________

the hearts of the people.

2. He has ____________ in his English

studies.

is linked to

made progress

3. You must work hard and _______

__________ your chance to study.

4. More studies will be required

before we know whether the fact

_____________ the result.

the most of

is related to

make

1. Do A, B and C on Page 96 of

the Workbook.

2. Review words and phrases in

this unit.