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USBDEVICES
VAIBHAV JAIN
MALIKA ANEJA
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USB DEVICES
The Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a new way of attaching devices to personal computers.The bus architecture features two-way communication and has been developed as a
response to devices becoming smarter and requiring more interaction with the host.
USB support is included in all current PC chipsets and is therefore available in all
recently built PCs. Apple's introduction of the USB-only iMac has been a major incentive
for hardware manufacturers to produce USB versions of their devices. The future PC
specifications specify that all legacy connectors on PCs should be replaced by one ormore USB connectors, providing generic plug and play capabilities. Support for USB
hardware was available at a very early stage in NetBSD and was developed by Lennart
Augustsson for the NetBSD project. The code has been ported to FreeBSD and we are
currently maintaining a shared code base. For the implementation of the USB subsystema number of features of USB are important.
Devices connect to ports on the computer directly or on devices calledhubs, forming a treelike device structure.
The devices can be connected and disconnected at run time.
Devices can suspend themselves and trigger resumes of the host system
As the devices can be powered from the bus, the host software has to keep
track of power budgets for each hub.
Different quality of service requirements by the different device types
together with the maximum of 126 devices that can be connected to thesame bus, require proper scheduling of transfers on the shared bus to take
full advantage of the 12Mbps bandwidth available. (over 400Mbps with
USB 2.0)
Devices are intelligent and contain easily accessible information about
themselves
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The USB mass storage device class, otherwise known as USB MSC orUMS, is a
protocol that allows a Universal Serial Bus (USB) device to become accessible to a hostcomputing device, to enable file transfers between the two. To the host device, the USB
device appears similar to an external hard drive, enabling drag-and-drop file transfers.
The USB mass storage device class comprises a set of computing communications
protocols defined by the USB Implementers Forum that run on the Universal Serial Bus.The standard provides an interface to a variety of storage devices.
An USB flash drive like this one will typically implement the USB mass storage deviceclass.
Some of the devices that are connected to computers via this standard include:
external magnetichard drives
external optical drives, including CD and DVD reader and writer drives
portable flash memorydevices adapters bridging between standard flashmemory cards and USB connections
digital cameras variousdigital audio playersandportable media players
card readers
PDAs
mobile phones
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag-and-drophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_Implementers_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_audio_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_audio_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_audio_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_readerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:USB_flash_drive.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:USB_flash_drive.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag-and-drophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_Implementers_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camerahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_audio_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_readerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus8/4/2019 Usb Devices
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TABLE LISTING VARIOUS USB DEVICES :
SBEVICE
USE INVENTION FEATURES BRANDS PRICE RANGE FIGURE
PENRIVES
A Pen Drive is aremovable storagedevice that plugsinto a computer'sUSB port. Smallenough to carry ona key ring, PenDrives are greatfor transferringphotos, music,documents andany other datafrom one computer
to another
Pen Driveswereinvented byIBM in 1988as areplacementto FloppyDisks
USB flash drives
offer the capacity ofa modest hard drive,the portability of acigarette lighter, andthe plug-and-playsimplicity of amodern peripheral.
1.CruzerBlade(waterproof)
2.Sandisk
3.HPMICRO
Rs. 325(4GB)-Rs. 1075(16GB)
Rs.300(4GB)-Rs.1050(16GB)
Rs.350
USBARDISKS
A USB flashdrive consists of
a flash memorydata storage
device integrated
with aUSB(Universal Serial
Bus) interface.
USB flash drivesare typically
removable andrewritable, andphysically much
smaller than a
floppy disk. Most
weigh less than30 g (1 oz).
Storage capacities
in 2010 can be aslarge as 256 GB
with steady
improvements insize and price per
capacity
expected. Some
allow 1 millionwrite or erase
cycles and offer a
10-yearshelf
Trek
Technology
andIBMbegan
selling the
first USBflash drives
commerciall
y in 2000.The
SingaporeanTrekTechnology
sold a
model
under thebrand name
"ThumbDri
ve", andIBM
marketed
the firstsuch drives
in North
America
with itsproduct
named the
"DiskOnKe
Flash memory
combines a number
of oldertechnologies, with
lower cost, lower
power consumptionand small size
made possible by
advances inmicroprocessor
technology.
500 GB
(2.0 and3.0 DRIVE)
1.Seagate
2.Toshiba
3.WesternDigital
Rs. 2650
Rs.2850
+Rs.1200(wire)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trek_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor8/4/2019 Usb Devices
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storage time y" which
wasdeveloped
and
manufacture
d by theIsraeli
companyM-Systems.
DRIVIG
WHEEL
Gaming
heels)
A driving
wheelis thepreferred method
of control for use
in racing videogames,racing
simulators,
and drivingsimulators. They
are usually
packaged with a
largepaddlestyled as a steering
wheel, along with
a set of pedals forgas, brake, and
sometimes clutch
actuation, as well
as various shiftercontrols.
Ananalogwheeland pedal set such
as this allows the
user to accurately
manipulatesteering angle and
pedal control that
is required toproperly manage
a simulated car,
as opposed todigital control
such as a
keyboard. The
relatively largerange of motion
further allows the
A wheel : 270 mm,
leather wrapped
steering
wheel.Range of
rotation adjustable
up to 900 degrees.
2 force feedback
motors.
One set of gears
between motors
and wheel,
including an anti-
backlash design.
2 paddle shifters.
6 buttons.
A set of stainless
steelpedals,
including:
Accelerator. (light
spring)
Brake (heavy
spring)
Clutch. (medium
1.Genius
2. Logitech
3.Razor
Rs.1750-Rs.6000
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddle_(game_controller)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering_wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering_wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_pedalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throttlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing_video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddle_(game_controller)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering_wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering_wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_pedalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throttlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutch8/4/2019 Usb Devices
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user to more
accurately applythe controls.
Racing wheels
have been
developed for usewith arcade
games,gameconsoles,personal
computers, and
also for
professionaldriving simulators
for race drivers
spring)
Acarpetgrip
which keeps thepedals in position
while playing.
A shifter unit:
8 buttons.
1 D-pad.
Agear stickwith a
six speed 'H'
pattern gearbox.
Reverse is selected
by pressing down
and changing to
sixth.
OYSTIKS
Ajoystickis aninput device
consisting of astick that pivots
on a base and
reports its angleor direction to the
device it is
controlling.Joysticks, also
known as 'control
columns', are theprincipal controlin the cockpit of
many civilian and
military aircraft,either as acenter
stickorside-stick.
They often have
The firstelectrical 2-
axisjoystick was
probably
inventedaround
1944 in
Germany.
Ralph H.
Baer,inventor of
televisionvideo
games and
theMagnavox
Odyssey
Most joysticks are
two dimensional,
having two axes of
movement (similar
to amouse). A
joystick is
generally
configured so that
moving the stick
left or right signals
movement along
the X axis, and
moving it forward
(up) or back
1.Genious
2. Logitech
3.Razor
Rs.650-Rs.3000
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-padhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockpithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_H._Baerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_H._Baerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnavox_Odysseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnavox_Odysseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_mousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_mousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-padhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockpithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-stickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_H._Baerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_H._Baerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnavox_Odysseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnavox_Odysseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_mouse8/4/2019 Usb Devices
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supplementary
switches on themto control other
aspects of the
aircraft's flight.
Joysticks areoften used to
control video
games, andusually have one
or more push-
buttons whosestate can also be
read by the
computer.
console,
released in1972,
created the
first videogamejoysticks in
1967. They
were able tocontrol the
horizontal
and verticalposition of a
spot
displayed
on a screen.
(down) signals
movement along
the Y axis. In
joysticks that are
configured for
three-dimensional
movement, twisting
the stick left
(counter-
clockwise) or right
(clockwise) signals
movement along
the Z axis. Thesethree axes - X Y
and Z - are, in
relation to an
aircraft, roll, pitch,
and yaw.
An analog
joystickis a
joystick which hascontinuous states,
i.e. returns an angle
measure of the
movement in any
direction in the
plane or the space
(usually
usingpotentiomete
rs) and a digital
joystickgives only
on/off signals for
four different
directions, and
mechanically
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiometer8/4/2019 Usb Devices
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possible
combinations (such
as up-right, down-
left, etc.). (Digital
joysticks were very
common as game
controllersfor
thevideo game
consoles,arcade
machines,
and home
computersof
the 1980s)
USBOUSE
The PS/2interface has
disappeared from
the newgenerations of
PCs to leave the
place to the USB
interface. Thischange has to be
followed by the
designers of
pointing devices,who should
integrate the USB
interface andallow an easy
connection to
new PCs.
The USB mouseapplication
requires the
following
hardware:
Runs withAT90USB
Microcontrollers at
8MHz USB Low Power
Bus Powered
Device (less then
100mA)
Supported by anyPC running
Windows (98SEor later), Linux or
Mac OS.
Less than3Kbytes of Code
Required
X, Y Movement,
Left Button
Supported
1.Intex
2. Quantum
3.
Logitech
4.I-Ball
Rs.100-Rs.300
Rs.1100-
Rs.1350(wireless)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_computer8/4/2019 Usb Devices
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AVR USB
evaluation board(STK525,
AT90USBKey,
STK526...or yourown board)
AVR USB
microcontroller
USB cable
(Standard A toMini B)
PC running on
Windows (98SE,ME, 2000, XP),Linux or MAC
OS with USB 1.1
or 2.0 hostUSBEYBORD
The PS/2
interface isdisappearing from
the new
generation PCs
being replaced by
the USBinterface, which
has become thestandard interface
between the PCs
and peripherals.This change must
be followed by
keyboard
designers, whomust integrate the
USB interface toconnect thekeyboard to the
PC.
The USB
keyboardapplication
Supported byWindows
98 or later, Linuxand MAC OS
No driver
installation
Display a simpletext message
Does not supportkeyboard LEDsmanagement
1.Intex
2. Quantum
3. Logitech
4.I-Ball
Rs.200-Rs.350
Rs.500
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requires the
followinghardware:
1. AVR USBevaluation board
(STK525,AT90USBKey,
STK526...or your
own board)
2. AVR USBmicrocontroller
3. USB cable
(Standard A toMini B)
4. PC running onWindows (98SE,
ME, 2000, XP,
Vista), Linux orMAC OS with
USB 1.1 or 2.0
host)
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