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Nine-ElementNonpointSourceImplementationStrategicPlan(NPS-ISplan)CedarCreek-FrontalLakeErie:O"erCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100306)

Createdby:TheUniversityofToledoDepartmentofEnvironmentalSciences2801W.BancroftSt.,MS#604Toledo,OH43606TheCityofToledoDivisionofEnvironmentalServicesQuilterEnvironmentalCenter348SouthErieStreetToledo,OH43604-8633PartnersforCleanStreams,Inc.P.O.203Perrysburg,OH43552LucasCountySustainabilityCommissionOneGovernmentCenter,Suite800Toledo,OH43604

Version1.0April,2017

ApprovedMay12,2017

OTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(041000100706) I

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OTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(041000100706) II

TableofContentsAcknowledgements..........................................................................................................................................iiiChapter1:Introduction.....................................................................................................................................11.1ReportBackground......................................................................................................................................21.2WatershedProfile&History........................................................................................................................21.3PublicParticipationandInvolvement..........................................................................................................3Chapter2:OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12WatershedCharacterizationandAssessmentSummary.....52.1SummaryWatershedCharacterizationforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.....................................5

2.1.1PhysicalandNaturalFeatures...................................................................................................52.1.2LandUseandProtection...........................................................................................................7

2.2SummaryofBiologicalTrendsforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12...................................................92.3SummaryofNPSPollutionCausesandAssociatedSourcesforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.....122.4AdditionalInformationforDeterminingCriticalAreasandDevelopingImplementationStrategiesfor

OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.......................................................................................................13Chapter3:Conditions&RestorationStrategiesforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12CriticalAreas......143.1OverviewofCriticalAreas..........................................................................................................................143.2CriticalArea1:Conditions,Goals&ObjectivesfortheResidentialReachofOtterCreekintheOtter

Creek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12................................................................................................................163.2.1DetailedCharacterization........................................................................................................163.2.2DetailedBiologicalConditions.................................................................................................163.2.3DetailedCausesandAssociatedSources.................................................................................173.2.4OutlineGoalsandObjectivesfortheCriticalArea...................................................................18Objectives........................................................................................................................................19

Chapter4:ProjectsandImplementationStrategy..........................................................................................204.1OverviewTablesandProjectSheetsforCriticalAreas..............................................................................204.2CriticalArea1:OverviewTableandProjectSheet(s)fortheResidentialReachofOtterCreekinthe

OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.......................................................................................................204.2.1CriticalArea1:ProjectandImplementationStrategyOverviewTable.....................................204.2.2CriticalArea1:ProjectSummarySheet(s)...............................................................................22

WorksCited.....................................................................................................................................................24AppendixA:AcronymsandAbbreviations.......................................................................................................27AppendixB:IndexofTablesandFigures.........................................................................................................29

OTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(041000100706) III

AcknowledgementsTheUniversityofToledowouldliketothanktheCityofToledoDivisionofEnvironmentalServices,PartnersforCleanStreamsandtheLucasCountySustainabilityCommissionforfinancialanddatasupportinthedevelopmentofthisdocument.AspecialthankyoutoCherieBlair,OhioEPA;RickWilson,OhioEPA;andKristinaPatterson,PartnersforCleanStreamsforprovidingclarifyinginformationandawealthofknowledgetotheconstructionofthisdocument,aswellasthemanypartners(LucasCountySoilandWaterConservationDistrict,ToledoMetropolitanAreaCouncilofGovernments,GreenInfrastructureTaskForce,CityofOregon,AmericanRivers,Civil&EnvironmentalEngineers,HullandAssociates,LucasCountyOfficeoftheEngineer)whohavecometogethertoprovideinputandincludeprojectsforthisHUC-12.ThisNPS-ISplanwillhelpdirectprojectstoexpeditiouslyaddressthenonpointsourceimpairmentsintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12oftheLakeErieTributarieswatershed.ThisproductorpublicationwasfinancedinpartortotallythroughagrantfromtheOhioEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyandtheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencywiththefollowingfunds:Section319NonpointSourceManagementProgram.Thecontentsandviews,includinganyopinions,findings,orconclusionsorrecommendations,containedinthisproductorpublicationarethoseoftheauthorsandhavenotbeensubjecttoanyOhioEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyorUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencypeeroradministrativereviewandmaynotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheOhioEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyortheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyandnoofficialendorsementshouldbeinferred.

OTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(041000100706) 1

Chapter1:IntroductionTheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100706)islocatedinnorthernLucasCounty,OH,andcontainsawatershedof21.07squaremiles(Figure1).ThisHUC-12includesthearealocatedbetweentheMaumeeRivereastwardtoBergerDitch,anditcontainstwomajorstreams,DuckCreekandOtterCreek,aswellasseveralagriculturaldrainageditchesthatemptyintothewesternbasinofLakeErieandMaumeeBay.TheHUC-12isimmediatelydownstreamoftheCedarCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100703),wheretheheadwatersofOtterCreekoriginate(Figure2)1.LandusewithintheHUC-12isprimarilydeveloped(~68%),whileaquarterofitisdedicatedtorowcrops,mainlyinthemiddletoeasternsectionsofthewatershed.Whilewatershedplanscouldbeall-inclusiveinventories,thisNPS-ISplanisdevelopedtoaddressnonpointsourcerestorationstrategies.TheU.S.EPAidentifiedninecriticalelementstoincludeinstrategicplanningdocumentsfor

impairedwaters,andtoeaseimplementationofprojectsaddressingnonpointsourcemanagement,currentfederalandstatenonpointsourcefundingopportunitiesrequirestrategicwatershedplansincorporatetheseninekeyelements,conciselytoHUC-12watersheds.PartnerswithinthelargerMaumeeAreaofConcern(AOC)arecollaboratingtodevelopNine-ElementNonpointSourceImplementationStrategicPlans(NPS-ISplan)foralltheHUC-12watershedswithintheMaumeeAOC.ThisNPS-ISplanfortheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12isoneofthreebeingauthoredbytheUniversityofToledo,inconjunctionwiththeCityofToledo,PartnersforCleanStreamsandtheLucasCountySustainabilityCommission.

1ItshouldbenotedthattherivermilemapsusedinthisdocumentwerecreatedusingdatadigitizedbyTMACOG(madeavailablefromthe

PCSDMDSonlinesystem)utilizing2004aerialphotographyandmaynotrepresentcurrentstreamlengthsorcorrelatetootherrivermile

datasets,notablytheydonotpreciselyalignwithOhioEPArivermiledelineations.

FIGURE2:RIVERMILEMAPOFOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12.

FIGURE1:LOCATIONOFTHEOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12WITHINTHEMAUMEEAOC.


1.1ReportBackgroundIn1987,theMaumeeAOCwascreatedundertheGreatLakesWaterQualityAgreement.Withthis,acommitteeformedtodeveloptheMaumeeRemedialActionPlan(RAP).In2006,theMaumeeRAPcommitteecreatedtheMaumeeAreaofConcern(AOC)Stage2WatershedRestorationPlan.ThisdocumentservedtobeacomprehensiveclearinghouseforrestorationofthewatershedswithintheMaumeeAOCtomeetrequirementsformanyprogramsundertheInternationalJointCommission,U.S.EPAandOhiogovernmentalagenciesatthetime(PartnersforCleanStreams,2016).AspartoftheLakeErieTributaries,theOtterCreekwatershedwasincludedinthisreport.TheStage2WatershedRestorationPlanwassubmittedtotheOhioDepartmentofNaturalResourcesandOhioEPA;however,fullendorsementwaspendinginclusionofaCoastalNonpointSourcePollutionManagementMeasuressection(OhioEPA,2009).SinceprogramshavemorerecentlyalignedwiththeU.S.EPA’snine-elementplans,theinclusionofthissectionwasabandoned,andfocusisnowpresentonupdatingthiswatershedplanbydevelopingNPS-ISplansfortheindividualHUC-12watershedswithinthegreaterMaumeeAOC.ThisNPS-ISplanfortheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100706)isbeingwrittentoaddressnonpointsourcepollutionissuesspecificallywithinitsdrainagearea,asopposedtoacomprehensivewatershedplanforallissuesfoundwithintheregion.RemovalofnonpointsourceimpairmentsintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12iscrucialtotheattainmentofdesignatedaquaticlifeuses(AQLs)andfurtherremovalofbeneficialuseimpairmentsnotonlywithinthissub-watershed,butalsowithinthegreaterMaumeeAOC.InthisHUC-12,OtterCreekandDuckCreekareinnon-attainmentoftheirAQLs,duetoexcessivebacteria,sedimentation/siltation,andcontaminatedsediments.Potentialsourcesoftheseimpairmentsincludehomesewagetreatmentsystems,packageplants,industrialparks,contaminatedsedimentsandchannelization(OhioEPA,2012).ThisNPS-ISplanwillbeusedtostrategicallyidentifyandoutlinekeyprojectswithintheHUC-12thataddressmanagementofthenonpointsourceissuesaffectingthiswatershed.

1.2WatershedProfile&HistoryTheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12drainsanareaof21.07squaremiles.ThewatershedcontainsDuckCreek2andOtterCreek,twotributariestotheMaumeeRiverandMaumeeBay,respectively,aswellasseveralmaintaineddrainageditches:Amolsch,Driftmeyer,Johlin,Heckman,Big,TobiasandMcHenryintheeasternandlessdevelopedportionoftheHUC-12.OtterCreekis7.98mileslong,drainsapproximately8squaremiles,withheadwatersthatbeginintheCedarCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100703).ItflowsfromthecityofNorthwood,throughthecitiesofToledoandOregontobethefirststreameastoftheMaumeeRivertoemptyintoMaumeeBay.DuckCreekis3.27mileslongand

2Priorto2013,DuckCreekwasassignedtotheDelawareCreek-MaumeeRiverHUC-12(041000090904)intheGrassyCreek-MaumeeRiver

HUC-10(0410000909).In2013,USGSre-assignedDuckCreektotheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100706)intheCedar

Creek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-10(0410001007).

FIGURE3:THEOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12INRELATIONTOTHEHISTORICOAKOPENINGSREGIONANDHISTORICGREATBLACKSWAMP.


beginsatHecklingerPondineastToledo.ItflowsthroughthecityofToledo,aswellaspartsofOregon,beforeenteringtheMaumeeRiveratRM0.25,justupstreamofitsmouthinMaumeeBay(MaumeeRAP,2006).TheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12islocatedwithintheHuron-ErieLakePlains(HELP)ecoregion,specificallytheLakePlain,whichisabroad,fertile,nearlyflatplainformedfromretreatingglaciallakes,characterizedbyslowly-drainingsiltandclaysoils.TheGreatBlackSwamponcecoveredaportionofthisLakePlainalongthesouthernedgeoftheMaumeeRiver,andtheremainingsoilsofhighclayandlowpermeabilityareremnantofthatecosystem(Figure3).GreatBlackSwamp

TheGreatBlackSwamp,anareaapproximately120mileslongby40mileswide,oncecoveredlargepartsoftheMaumeeRiver,MaumeeBayandLakeEriedrainageareas.Thisswamp,formedmorethan20,000yearsagobyretreatingglaciers,wasdominatedbyclay-richsoilswithlowpermeabilityanddensevegetation(MaumeeRAP,2006).Theareawascoveredwithwet,hardwoodforests,shallowlakesandwetprairies.Thedifficultyassociatedwithtravelthroughthedense,swampy,insect-populatedterrainleftthisoneofthelastareasofOhiotobedeveloped.In1859,alawprovidedfortheinstallationofpublicditches,andby1900,avastsystemofditcheshaddrainedthemajorityoftheareatoallowcropproductiononthisfertileland.RemnantsoftheGreatBlackSwampexisttoday,andinaveragerainfallevents,theareastillfloods,makingstreamsandditchesidealforfloodplainandwetlandrestoration(MaumeeRAP,2006).

1.3PublicParticipationandInvolvementWatershedplanningandrestorationplansshouldincludeinvolvementfromadiversegroupofentities,includinggovernmentalagencies,privatebusinesses,academia,non-profitgroups,neighborhoodorganizationsandthepublicatlarge.ManypartnershavebeenworkingovertimeintheLakeErieTributarieswatershed,particularlywithDuckandOtterCreek,towardsecologicalrestorationandwaterqualitygoals.SeveralwatershedgroupshavebeeninvolvedwithworkwithintheDuckandOtterCreekwatershed,includingtheDuckandOtterCreeksPartnership,formedin1999.ThePartnershipwasactiveduringtheearly2000sincoordinatingeffortswithintheDuckandOtterCreekwatershed.ClearWaterandtheMaumeeRAPwerealsoengagedinworkthroughoutthegreaterMaumeeRiverregion.In2007,afterworkingundertheumbrellaofToledoMetropolitanAreaCouncilofGovernments(TMACOG)foralmosttwentyyears,theMaumeeRAPmergedwithPartnersforCleanStreams,andClearWaterwasdissolved.MostrestorationeffortsintheLakeErieTributarieswatershedarenowledbyorcloselypartneredwithPartnersforCleanStreams.Nonprofitgroups,suchastheMetroparksoftheToledoArea,theToledoMetropolitanAreaCouncilofGovernments,governmentalagencies(CityofToledo,CityofOregon),academia,citizenactiongroupsandwatershedorganizationshavebeeninterestedandinvolvedintheimprovementandprotectionofthewatershedoftheLakeErieTributariesandgreaterMaumeeAreaofConcern.Duetotheindustrialsettingofthetwocreeks,muchfocushasbeenplacedoncharacterizationofcontaminatedsedimentsthroughoutthestreamsegments,withpotentialforremediationundertheGreatLakesLegacyAct.RestorationprojectsthroughoutthewatershedhaveincludedwetlandrestorationandfishrestockingatHecklingerPondaswellaswetlandrestorationalongDuckCreeknearWheelingStreetontheLutheranHomesproperty.ElsewhereintheHUC-12,theCityofOregonimplementedditcherosioncontrolmeasuresbyover-wideningchannelsandplantingwetlandplugsalongBigDitch.TheUniversityofToledo,DepartmentofEnvironmentalSciences,isaninterdisciplinarygroupofecologistsandgeologistsdedicatedtoresearchaddressinghumanimpactsontheenvironment,earthsystemprocessesandecosystemscience(UniversityofToledo,2017).FacultyinthisdepartmentutilizeresearchfacilitiesattheLakeErieCenter,establishedin1998,andhelpfulfillitsmissiontodiscernthelinkagesbetweenland-usepractices,


waterquality,habitat,economics,naturalresources,sustainability,andenvironmentalandpublichealth.FacultymembershavelongbeenpartnersinlocalandregionaltaskforcesthatinvestigatewaterqualityissuesintheMaumeeAreaofConcern.TheUniversityofToledoisoneoftheprincipalauthorsofthisNPS-ISplanfortheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.TheCityofToledo,DepartmentofEnvironmentalServicesisanotherkeypartnerinthedevelopmentofthisdocumentandisdedicatedtobalanced,responsibleenvironmentalprotectionforsafeairandwaterfortheToledoMetropolitanArea(CityofToledo,2017).Thisdepartmentgovernsoverstormwaterandpre-treatmentprograms,aswellascollaborateswithotheragenciesfortheprotection,restorationandenhancementofnaturalandhumanenvironments.TheCityofToledohasengagedinwaterqualityimprovementintheLakeErieTributarieswatershedthroughimprovementsmadeatHecklingerPond,aswellasthroughprogramssuchastheToledoWaterwaysInitiative,theCSOLongTermControlPlanandtheStreamkeeperbacterialsamplingprogram.AdditionalkeypartnerswithinthisHUC-12andthegreaterLakeErieTributarieswatershedinclude:PartnersforCleanStreams,theLucasCountySustainabilityCommission,MetroparksoftheToledoArea,LucasCountySoilandWaterConservationDistrict,theCityofOregon,theLucasCountyOfficeoftheEngineer,AmericanRivers,HullandAssociates,CivilandEnvironmentalConsultants,andToledoMetropolitanAreaCouncilofGovernments(TMACOG).Chapters1,2and3wereprimarilyauthoredbytheUniversityofToledousingtheBiologicalandWaterQuality

StudyofthePortageRiverBasin,SelectLakeErieTributaries,andSelectMaumeeRiverTributaries,2006-2008,OhioEPATechnicalReportEAS/2010-4-4(OhioEPA,2010)andtheTotalMaximumDailyLoadsfortheMaumee

River(lower)TributariesandLakeErieTributariesWatershed(OhioEPA,2012).ProjectinformationforChapter4wascompiledfromtheon-lineMaumeeAOCDataManagementandDelistingSystem(DMDS)(PartnersforCleanStreams,2017)andbycollaborativemeetingswithstakeholdersandcommunitypartners.


Chapter2:OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12WatershedCharacterizationandAssessmentSummary2.1SummaryWatershedCharacterizationforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-122.1.1PhysicalandNaturalFeaturesTheLakeErieTributarieswatershedcontainstheentireCedarCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-10(0410001007),coveringanarea204squaremilessouthandsoutheastoftheMaumeeRiver.TheCedarCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-10watershediscomprisedofsixHUC-12watersheds.Thisdocumentisfocusingonthe#06hydrologicunitoftheCedarCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-10—OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100706).MostoftheCedarCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-10ispredominantlyrural;however,theOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12isheavilyindustrializedandurbanized.TheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12coversanareaof21.07squaremiles.Itsprincipalstreams,DuckCreekandOtterCreek,emptyintotheMaumeeRiverandMaumeeBay,respectively.Thewatershedalsocontainsseveralmaintaineddrainageditches:Amolsch,Driftmeyer,Johlin,Heckman,Big,TobiasandMcHenry,intheeastern(andlessdeveloped)portionoftheHUC-12.OtterCreekis7.98mileslonganddrainsapproximately8squaremiles.ItsheadwatersbeginintheCedarCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100703)andflowfromthecityofNorthwoodthroughthecitiesofToledoandOregontobethefirststreameastoftheMaumeeRivertoemptyintoMaumeeBay.FromitsheadwaterstoRM7.0,OtterCreekisdeemedalimitedresourcewaterway(LRW),withtheremainderofthecreekdesignatedasModifiedWarmwaterHabitat(MWH)-ChannelModified(OhioEPA,2010;OhioEPA,2012).DuckCreekis3.27mileslong,beginningatHecklingerPondineastToledo,andflowsthroughthecitiesofToledoandOregonbeforeenteringtheMaumeeRiveratRM0.25,justupstreamofitsmouthinMaumeeBay.DuckCreekhasaWarmwaterHabitatdesignation.BothDuckandOtterCreeksareaffectedbyseicheeventsinLakeErie,withbackwaterinfluencetoRM1.9and2.0,respectively.ThewatershedoftheLakeErieTributariesiswhollycontainedwithintheHuron/ErieLakePlains(HELP)ecoregion.U.S.EPAdescribesthisregionas“Fine,poorly-drained,water-workedglacialtillandlacustrinesediment;alsocoarserendmoraineandbeachridgedeposits”(MaumeeRAP,2006).TheseglacialsedimentsoverlaySilurianandDevonianlimestoneanddolomitebedrock,whichisoccasionallyexposedthroughoutareasalongtheMaumeeRivermainstem(OhioEPA,2012).Soilsinthiswatershedhavelowinfiltrationratesandhighrunoffpotential;though,66%ofthesoilsinthissubwatershedwerenotreported,likelyduetothehighrateofurbanization(impervioussurface)withinthisHUC-12.Historically,thelandaroundOtterandDuckCreekwasknownfornaturaloildeposits.HistoricalaccountsciteNativeAmericansusingpitchfromnaturaloilseepagesalongthecreekbankstotiptheirarrows(TMACOG,2007).ThemostfamousdocumentationofoilintheareaoccurredinthelowlandsbetweenOtterCreekandDuckCreeknearRM2.0.Here,the“KlondikeGusher”eruptedinJulyof1897,producing100barrelsanhour.However,justmonthslaterinSeptember,theGusherwasreportedasbeing“somewhatofafrost”intheToledoBlade(Downes,1954).ThisprecededaboominoilexplorationinLucasCounty.Whilemapsfromthelate1800sandearly1900sdisplayanenormousnumberofoilwells(thathave

FIGURE4:OILYSHEENBROUGHTTOTHESURFACEWHENSEDIMENTSWEREDISTURBEDINOTTERCREEKIN2005.PHOTOCOURTESYOFDEANNABOBAK.


sincebeenclosed),theareaquicklybecamerealizedforitsrefiningactivitiesmorethanitscrudeproductionabilities(Bobak,2010).Thefirstindustry,DiamondOilCompany,openedintheOtterCreekareain1895andpavedthewayforseveraloil-relatedindustriesandmanufacturingfacilitiestoalsotakeupresidence(Fassett,1961).Overtime,heavyindustrialization,multipleoilspillsanduncontrolledhazardouswastelandfillscontributedtothecontaminationfoundwithinthecreektoday(Figure4).Specificlandmarksandfeaturesinthiswatershedinclude:

• CityofToledoparks:HecklingerPond,RavinePark,NavarrePark• Oilrefineriesandholdingfacilities(ToledoRefiningCompany,BPToledoRefinery,Marathon

Petroleum,CitgoPetroleum)• ToledoWaterTreatmentPlant(CollinsPark)• OregonWastewaterTreatmentPlant• ToledoEdisonPowerPlant• Twocemeteries• Twogolfcourses:CollinsParkGolfCourseandEagle’sLanding• EnvirosafeServicesofOhio(hazardouswastelandfill)• BuckeyePipeline• MaumeeBayStatePark(campgroundandbeachfacilities)• UniversityofToledoLakeErieCenter• CSXRailwayDocks• Denseresidentialneighborhoodsinthewesternportion;rowcropsintheeasternportion

Asnotedabove,theOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12islargelyindustrialized;littlegreenspaceissetasidewithinthiswatershed(Figure5).RemnantsectionsofthewetlandsoftheGreatBlackSwampcanbeseenatthefareasternendofthewatershed,butvirtuallynoneexistinthesubwatershedsofDuckandOtterCreeks.ElevenfacilitiescurrentlyholdNPDESpermitsintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(Table1).Ofthese,fivedischargedirectlytoOtterandDuckCreeks.ViolationsoftheCleanWaterActregulationsregularlyoccurthroughoutthiswatershed,particularlyinthesubwatershedofDuckandOtterCreek(OhioEPA,2017).PersistentcontaminationinthesedimentsofOtterCreekisanissue(Table2).Characterizationofthesesedimentshasbeenongoingsince1999inseveralstudies(OhioEPA,2012).Currently,OtterCreek,fromRM2.0toitsmouth,islistedintheDesignphase(2016-2017)fortheGreatLakesAreaofConcernSedimentManagementPlan(U.S.EPA,2017).

FIGURE5:PUBLICLYOWNEDPARKSANDPROTECTEDLANDSINTHELAKEERIETRIBUTARIESWATERSHED.


TABLE1:NPDES-PERMITTEDFACILITIESINOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(OHIOEPA,2017).OtterCreek-FrontalLakeHUC-12(041000100706)FacilityName PermitNumber ReceivingWaterbodyAsphaltMaterials,Inc.

2IN00165

WynnRd.DitchtoLakeErieBPHuskyRefining,LLC.

2IG00007

OtterCreekandMaumeeBay

CITGOTerminal

2IG00021

DriftmeyerDitch

CSXTransportation-ToledoDock

2IT00013

LakeErie

EnvirosafeServicesofOhio,Inc.

2IN00013

OtterCreek(viamanhole)

FirstEnergyGeneration-BayShorePowerStation

2IB00000

MaumeeBay

MPLXTerminals,LLC.

2IG00024

AmolschDitch

OregonWastewaterTreatmentPlant

2PD00035

MaumeeRiver

ShellyLiquidDivisions

2IN00218

OtterCreek

ToledoRefiningCo.,LLC.

2IG00003

OtterCreek

ToledoWaterTreatmentPlant

2IW00260

OtterCreek&DuckCreek

TABLE2:SEDIMENTCONTAMINANTSOFCONCERNINOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(OHIOEPA,2012).Metals OrganicCompoundsArsenic 4,4’-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane(4,4’-DDD)Cadmium

4,4’-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene(4,4’-DDE)Chromium

ChlordaneCopper

PolychlorinatedBiphenyls(PCBs)Lead

TotalPAHsMercury

2.1.2LandUseandProtectionLandusewithintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12isprimarilyurbanandindustrial(Figure6).Developedlandaccountsfornearly70%oftheentirewatershed,primarilyinthewesternportionthroughwhichDuckandOtterCreeksflow(Table3).Twenty-fivepercentofthewatershedisincropproduction,mainlyconcentratedintheeasternportionofthewatershed.Approximately70%oftheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12islocatedwithintheNPDESregulatedMunicipalSeparateStormSewerSystem(Figure7).OnePhaseIMS4permit(CityofToledo)existsthroughoutthiswatershed,alongwithseveralPhaseIImunicipalitiesandagencies,includingtheCityofOregon,CityofNorthwood,LucasCountyandtheOhio FIGURE6:LANDUSEINOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12.


DepartmentofTransportation.Thesestormwatersystemsdonotconnectwithwatertreatmentsystems;therefore,oil,grease,pesticides,herbicides,dirtandgritarecarrieddirectlytowaterwaysandhaveahighpotentialtonegativelyimpactwaterquality(OhioEPA,2009b).TheCityofToledoimplementedtheToledoWaterwaysInitiative,along-term,18-yeartoreduceCSOs,improvestormsewersystemsandreducewaterpollutionintheMaumeeRiver,OttawaRiverandSwanCreekwaterways(ToledoWaterwaysInitiative,2017).TABLE3:LANDUSECLASSIFICATIONSINOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(HOMER,2015).

Coverclassification %watershedarea Area(mi2)

OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErie(410000100706)

Barren 0.25% 0.05Crop 25.62% 5.40Hay/Pasture 0.59% 0.13DeciduousForest 0.90% 0.19EvergreenForest 0.00% 0.00MixedForest 0.00% 0.00Herbaceous 0.89% 0.19HerbaceousWetlands 2.82% 0.59WoodyWetlands 0.02% 0.00Shrub/Scrub 0.00% 0.00Developed,HighIntensity 10.64% 2.24Developed,MediumIntensity 19.62% 4.13Developed,LowIntensity 26.10% 5.50Developed,OpenSpace 12.21% 2.57Water 0.34% 0.07Total 100.00% 21.07

FIGURE7:TOLEDOURBANIZEDAREAASDEFINEDBYTHE2010CENSUS.


* Significantdeparturefromecoregionbiocriterion;poorandverypoorresultsareunderlined.

nsNonsignificantdeparturefrombiocriterion(≤4IBIorICIunits;≤0.5MIwbunits).

a TheMIwb(ModifiedIndexofwell-being)isnotapplicabletoheadwatersites(<20mi2).

b NarrativeevaluationusedinlieuofICI(Good;MG=MarginallyGood;Fair;LFair=LowFair;Poor;VP=VeryPoor).

H Headwatersite,MIwbisnotapplicable.

B Boatsite.

S OtterCreekRM2.1and0.5sampledforIBIonlyin2012(2006scoreswere28and36,respectively),Midwest

BiodiversityInstituteLevelIIIData(PartnersforCleanStreams,DMDS,2017).

2.2SummaryofBiologicalTrendsforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12OhioEPAsampledtheLakeErieTributariesin20063,asdocumentedintheBiologicalandWaterQualityStudyof

thePortageRiverBasin,SelectLakeErieTributaries,andSelectMaumeeRiverTributaries,2006-2008,Technical

ReportEAS/2010-4-4.ThisreportwastheTechnicalSupportDocumentfortheMaumeeRiver(lower)TributariesandLakeErieTributariesTMDLstudy.TheTotalMaximumDailyLoadsfortheMaumeeRiver(lower)Tributaries

andLakeErieTributariesWatershedwasreleasedin2012.BothdocumentswereusedextensivelyinthepreparationofthisCedarCreek-FrontalLakeErie:OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12NPS-ISPlan.HabitatandbiologicalcommunitiesintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12willbesampledagainaspartofroutinestatemonitoringinthesummerof2017.Fishcommunitiesandpopulationswereassessedatselectsamplinglocationsin2012.Thesevaluesarereported,whereapplicable.DuckCreeksegmentsofthisassessmentunitweredesignatedand/orconfirmedaswarmwaterhabitat(WWH)aquaticlifeuse,whileOtterCreeksegmentsofthisassessmentunitwereconfirmedasmodifiedwarmwaterhabitat(MWH)(OhioEPA,2010).AsummaryofthesamplelocationsandtheirbiologicalstatusintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12areprovidedinTable4.Figure8detailssamplingpointsandattainmentstatus.Effectsofchannelizationandurbanizationhavecontributedtosiltyandmuckysubstratesandhighembeddedness,exacerbatedbyPAH,PCBandheavymetal-contaminatedsedimentsthatarere-suspendedinflashyandhighflowevents(OhioEPA,2016).Thequalityofhabitat,affectedbyurbanlanduse,intheDuckandOtterCreekwatershedisacriticalfactorinattainmentscoresforfishandmacroinvertebratecommunities.TABLE4:OVERALLBIOLOGICALINDICESSCORESFORSELECTEDSITESINOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(OHIOEPA,2010;PARTNERSFORCLEANSTREAMS,2017).

3DuckCreeksampledin2008.

RM(Drain.areami2) IBI/MIwba ICIb Status QHEI Location

OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100706)(MWH)(OtterCreek)

6.0H/5.9H(2.8) 16*/NA VP* Non 23 OakdaleAve.

3.0H/2.9H(5.8) 18*/NA VP* Non 25.5 Yarrow/ConsaulSt.

2.1H(6.6) 31S/NA VP* Non 30 MillardRd.

0.5B/0.4B(7.4) 40S/8.0 - Non 35 AdjacentCSXRd.nearmouth

OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100706)(WWH)(DuckCreek)

3.1H(0.6) 12*/NA VP* Non 30 ConsaulSt.2.5H(0.8) 12*/NA VP* Non 22 YorkSt.


Fishes(ModifiedIndexofWell-Being[MIwb]&IndexofBioticIntegrity[IBI])

FishcommunitiesaregreatlyimpactedbytheindustrialandurbanlandscapeofOtterCreek.Likehistoricalscores,IBIattheupstreamsites(RM6.0and3.0)scoredfarbelowtargetedvalues,whilelacustrinelocations(RM0.5)haveincreasedovertime(OhioEPA,2010).Thefishcommunitiesofthetwoupstreamsiteswereheavilydominatedbytolerantspecies(99%atRM6.0and94%atRM3.0),whilethelacustrinelocation(RM0.5)showedgreatervarietyintolerantcommunities(57%tolerantspecies).AnecologicalriskassessmentofOtterCreekdeterminedthattheecosystemisseverelystressedwiththesedimentconcentrationsexceedingallscreeningvaluesforbottom-dwellingfish(TetraTech,2008).Thehighcontaminationlevelsarelikelyaresultofintensiveindustriallanduse,uncontrolledwastesitesandhistoricalspills.Contaminatedsedimentsandheavysiltationneedtobeaddressedbeforefurtherfishcommunityimprovementislikelytobeobserved(OhioEPA,2010).Atbothsamplinglocations,fishcommunitiesinDuckCreekscoredthelowestpossiblescorethatcanbeobtained.Thesescoresreflecttheheavysiltationfoundatthesamplinglocations(>30cmdeep),attributedtochannelizationandurbanrunoff(OhioEPA,2010).Macroinvertebrates(InvertebrateCommunityIndex[ICI])

MacroinvertebratecommunitieswereconsideredVeryPooracrossallDuckandOtterCreeksamplinglocations,mainlyduetocontaminated,muckysediments,habitatalterationandurbanrunoff.Acrossbothstreams,EPTandsensitivetaxadiversityvalueswerealmostnon-existent(0-1ateachsite),withmacroinvertebratecommunitiesconsistingofpredominantlytolerantspecies.Thesecommunitieshavebeenconsistentlydegradedsince1986,

FIGURE8:SAMPLINGLOCATIONSANDATTAINMENTSTATUSINSELECTEDLOCATIONSINOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12.


particularlyduetosedimentcontamination.Inanecologicalriskassessmentconductedin2008,meanpercentsurvivalofmidgesdifferedsignificantlyin11/12sitesoverthecontrol,showingthesedimentistoxictomidges(TetraTech,2008).Improvementstothemacroinvertebratecommunitieswouldrequirepreventionoffurtherpollutantsfrompointsource(industrial)landfills,contaminatedsedimentdredgingandrestoredchanneldesign(OhioEPA,2010).

Habitat(viaQualitativeHabitatEvaluationIndex[QHEI])

OhioEPAsamplingcrewsdocumentedvariouswaterqualityandhabitatattributesduringtheQHEIassessmentinthesummerof2006and2008(Table5).Habitatattributes(i.e.,silty/muckysubstrates,highembeddedness,etc.),relatedtochannelizationandurbanization,combinedwithcontaminatedsediments,particularlyinthelowerreachesofOtterCreek,intheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12watershedarelikelyimpactingsamplinglocationswithintheHUC-12.BothOtterandDuckCreeksexhibitmainlyhighandlowinfluenceattributesofmodifiedwarmwaterhabitats(Figure9).OtterCreekhaslowtonochannelsinuosity,poordevelopment,andishighlychannelized,especiallyalongthesegmentthatflowsalongraillineswestofBPHuskyRefining(OhioEPA,2012).DuckCreekalsolackedsinuosityandexhibitedpoordevelopment.Onlyonesite(DuckCreek,RM3.1)exhibitsattributesofanunchannelizedstream,whilehighamountsofsilty/muckysubstratesandembeddednessarepervasivethroughoutbothstreams.PortionsofOtterCreekhaveforestedriparianareasasitflowsthroughresidentialareas,whileotherportionsofthecreekappeartobepipedunderindustrialandresidentialpropertiesorchannelizedalongraillines(OhioEPA,2012).DuckCreekflowsthroughdenseresidentialandindustrialareas,whilesmallportionsofitflowthroughopen,undevelopedparcels(OhioEPA,2012).

FIGURE9:OTTERCREEKATCONSAULANDYARROWSTREETSIN2010(OHIOEPA,2012).


TABLE5:QUALITATIVEHABITATEVALUATIONINDEX(QHEI)MATRIXWITHWARMWATERHABITAT(WWH)ANDMODIFIEDWARMWATER(MWH)ATTRIBUTETOTALSINOTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12(OHIOEPA,2010).

KeyQHEIComponents WWHAttributes

MWHAttributesHighInfluence ModerateInfluence

RiverM

ile

QHE

IScore

Gradien

t(ft/m

i)

NotCha

nnelize

dorRecovered

Boulde

r/Co

bble/G

ravelSub

strates

SiltFreeSub

strates

Goo

d/ExcellentDevelop

men

t

Mod

erate/HighSinuo

sity

Extensive/Mod

erateCo

ver

FastCurrent/Edd

ies

Low/N

ormalEmbe

dded

ness

MaxDep

th>40

cm

Low/N

ormalRiffleEmbe

dded

ness

WWHAttributes

Chan

nelized

/NoRe

covery

Silt/MuckSubstrates

NoSinu

osity

Sparse/N

oCo

ver

MaxDep

th<40

cm

Hi-In

fluen

ceM

odified

Attrib

utes

Recoverin

gCh

anne

l

Heavy/Mod

erateSiltCo

ver

Sand

Sub

strate(B

oat)

Hardpa

nSubstrateOrig

in

Fair/Po

orDevelop

men

t

LowSinuo

sity

Only1or2Coverty

pes

Interm

ediate/Poo

rPoo

ls

NoFastCurrent

High/M

oderateEm

bedd

edne

ss

High/M

oderateRiffleEm

bedd

edne

ss

NoRiffle

M.I.M

WMAttrib

utes


OtterCreek6 6.0/5.9

23.0 8.06 0 • • • • 4 • • • • • • • 73.0/2.9

25.5 3.70 • 1 • • • • 4 • • • • • • 6

2.1 30.0 0.10 • 1 • • • 3 • • • • • • • 70.5/0.4

35.0 0.10 • • 2 • • • • 4 • • • • • 5


DuckCreek8

3.1 30.0 0.74 • • 2 • • • • 4 • • • • • 5

2.5 22.0 0.74 0 • • • • • 5 • • • • • 5

2.3SummaryofNPSPollutionCausesandAssociatedSourcesforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12Aslistedinthe2016IntegratedWaterQualityMonitoringandAssessmentReport,OhioEPAhasdeterminedthatthebiologicalimpairmentsintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12arefrommultiplecausesincludingsedimentation/siltation(OtterandDuckCreek)andcontaminatedsediments(OtterCreek).Sourcesoftheseimpairmentsincludechannelizationandrunofffromindustriallandfills,industrialsites,andimpervioussurfaces.AllsiteslocatedwithinOtterCreekandDuckCreekintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12areinNon-Attainment,duetotheheavyinfluenceofindustriallandusepracticesanddenseurbanizationofthewatershed(Table6).

6 TMDLsamplingin2006.

8 TMDLsamplingin2008.


TABLE6:CAUSESANDSOURCESOFNPSIMPAIRMENTSFORSELECTEDOTTERCREEKANDDUCKCREEKSAMPLINGLOCATIONS(OHIOEPA,2010).

RM(Drain.areami2)[B=boatsite,H=headwatersite]

PrimaryCause(s) PrimarySource(s) Status Location


6.0H/5.9H(2.8) Siltation/sedimentationC Channelization Non OakdaleAve.

3.0H/2.9H(5.8) Siltation/sedimentationC Channelization Non Yarrow/ConsaulSt.

2.1H(6.6) Siltation/sedimentationC Channelization Non MillardRd.

0.5B/0.4B(7.4) Siltation/sedimentationC Channelization NonAdjacent

CSXRd.nearmouth


3.1H(0.6) Siltation/sedimentation Channelization,urbanrunoff Non ConsaulSt.

2.5H(0.8) Siltation/sedimentation Channelization,urbanrunoff Non YorkSt.

2.4AdditionalInformationforDeterminingCriticalAreasandDevelopingImplementationStrategiesforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12Severalorganizationsandagencies,includingMetroparksoftheToledoArea,ToledoMetropolitanAreaCouncilofGovernments,MaumeeAreaofConcernCommittee,PartnersforCleanStreamsandtheUniversityofToledofocusonimprovinghabitatandwaterqualitywithintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.Documentsand/orplanscreatedbytheseorganizationswereusedassupplementalinformationtopreparethisNPS-ISplanandarereferencedintheWorksCitedsection,asappropriate.Assessmentdatafromthe2006-2008TMDLsamplingeventanddatareferencedinthe2016IntegratedWaterQualityMonitoringandAssessmentReportwereusedinthecreationofthisNPS-ISplan(OhioEPA,2010;OhioEPA,2012;OhioEPA,2016).AdditionalLevel3datawereobtainedfromthePartnersforCleanStreamsDataManagementDelistingSystemandweredenoted,whereapplicable.

C Samplesitesalsoimpairedbycontaminatedsedimentsfromindustriallandfills/runoff,remediationsolutionsnotaddressedbythis

NPS-ISplan.


Chapter3:Conditions&RestorationStrategiesforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12CriticalAreas3.1OverviewofCriticalAreasOverall,sixsamplingsitesarelocatedintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.FourarelocatedinOtterCreekandtwoarelocatedinDuckCreek.AllsitesareinNon-AttainmentoftheirdesignatedAQLs.Whilethecausesandsourcesofimpairmentaresimilarinnaturealongallstretchesofbothcreeks,criticalareasalongeachsegmentcouldbedefinedtoaddressimpairmentsateachspecificpoint(Table7).Atthistime,specificrestorationstrategiesandprojectshavebeenidentifiedforonecriticalareatoaddressthenonpointsourcepollutionissuesthatarebelievedtobecausingtheimpairedstateintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(Figure10).AdditionalcriticalareaswillbedevelopedinsubsequentversionsofthisNPS-ISplan.TABLE7:OTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12CRITICALAREAIDENTIFICATION.Samplesite

(OEPA,2009)

CriticalAreaDescription CriticalArea# CriticalAreaStatus

OtterCreekRM6.0

ExtendsintoupstreamwatershedofOtterCreek,duetoproximitytoHUC-12terminus

-- Suggested:notdelineatedinthisversion,butrecommendedforfutureversions

OtterCreekRM3.1

Residentialsub-watershedofOtterCreekbetweenRM6.0and3.1

1 Includedinthisversion

OtterCreekRM2.2

Sub-watershedofOtterCreekbetweenRM3.1and2.0

-- Suggested:notdelineatedinthisversion,butrecommendedforfutureversions

OtterCreekRM0.5

Sub-watershedofOtterCreekbetweenRM2.0andmouth

--

Suggested:notdelineatedinthisversion,butrecommendedforfutureversions;recommendactionfromGreatLakesLegacyActprojectsfirstbeforeimplementingin-streamorriparianrestoration

DuckCreekRM3.1,2.5

Sub-watershedofDuckCreekfromHecklingerPondtomouth

--

Suggested;accommodatesnonattainmentsamplingsitespluslacustrineinfluence(mouthtoRM1.9);notdelineatedinthisversion,butrecommendedforfutureversions


FIGURE10:OTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12CRITICALAREAS.


3.2CriticalArea1:Conditions,Goals&ObjectivesfortheResidentialReachofOtterCreekintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-123.2.1DetailedCharacterizationTheOtterCreeksamplingsitelocatedatRM3.1(Yarrow/ConsaulSt.)anditsconstituentupstreamsegmentislocatedwithinarelativelyresidentialsectionoftheOtterCreekwatershed.Giventheexistenceofsomeriparianhabitatthroughoutthisstretch,thiscriticalareaoffersopportunitiesforriparianandwetlandimprovement,aswellasgreeninfrastructureforstormwaterretentionandtreatment.ThesamplinglocationislistedinNon-AttainmentoftheModifiedWarmwaterHabitataquaticlifeusedesignation,causedbysiltation/sedimentationfromchannelization,aswellasbythepresenceofcontaminatedsedimentsassociatedwithindustrialrunoff/landfills.UpstreamsegmentsbeyondRM6.0thatareinNon-AttainmentarelikelyalsocontributingtotheNon-AttainmentstatusatYarrow/ConsaulStreets.UsingtherationaledescribedintheHandbookforDevelopingWatershedPlanstoRestoreandProtectOurWaters(U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,2008)(Section10.3.4):“Ingeneral,managementpracticesareimplementedimmediatelyadjacenttothewaterbodyoruplandtoaddressthesourcesofpollutantloads.”—CriticalArea1includesthesub-watershedareaofOtterCreek(includingitsripariancorridor)thatcontributesrunoffordrainagewaterstothisreachbetweentheOakdaleAve.(RM6.0)andYarrow/ConsaulSt.(RM3.1)samplinglocations(Figure11).

3.2.2DetailedBiologicalConditionsFishcommunitydataissummarizedbelowfortheYarrow/ConsaulSt.samplingsiteinCriticalArea1(Table8).Analysisoftheabundance,diversity,andpollutiontoleranceofexistingfishspeciesfoundbyOhioEPAatthissamplinglocationinrelationtoQHEIscoresaidsinidentificationofcausesandsourcesofimpairment.TheYarrow/ConsaulSt.samplingsiteisnotcurrentlymeetingtheMWHstandardforIBIscore(18,goalis20),ICIscore

FIGURE11:OTTERCREEK-FRONTALLAKEERIEHUC-12CRITICALAREA1.




H Headwatersite.

Tolerancecategories:VT=VeryTolerant,T=Tolerant,MT=ModeratelyTolerant,F=Facultative,MI=ModeratelyIntolerant,

I=Intolerant



H Headwatersite.

NAMIwbnotapplicabletoheadwatersites.

(VeryPoor,goalis22orGood),orhabitatexpectations(25.5,goalis434).MIwbisnotapplicableatthissiteduetoheadwaterdesignation.TABLE8:CRITICALAREA1-FISHCOMMUNITYANDHABITATDATA(OHIOEPA,2010).

Stream/RM D.A.(mi2)

TotalSpecies QHEI MIwb IBI PredominantSpecies(percentof

catch)NarrativeEvaluation

OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErie-OtterCreek(MWH)(Non-Attainment)OtterCreek

3.1H 5.8 7 25.5 NA 18* Creekchub(63%),bluntnoseminnow(12%),fatheadminnow(8%) Poor

CharacteristicsoftheaquaticmacroinvertebratecommunityfortheYarrow/ConsaulSt.samplingsiteinCriticalArea1aresummarizedbelow(Table9).Onceagain,analysisoftheabundance,diversity,andpollutiontoleranceofexistingaquaticmacroinvertebrates(bugs)foundbyOhioEPAatthissamplinglocation,relatedtoQHEIscorescanaidintheidentificationofcausesandsourcesofimpairment.TheYarrow/ConsaulSt.samplingsiteisnotcurrentlymeetingtheMWHstandardforICIscore(VeryPoor,goalis22orGood).TABLE9:CRITICALAREA1-MACROINVERTEBRATECOMMUNITYDATA(OHIOEPA,2010).

Stream/RM ICIScore--Narrative

Notes PredominantSpecies

OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErie-OtterCreek(MWH)(Non-Attainment)

OtterCreek3.1H

NA—VeryPoor*0sensitivetaxa

LowQualitativedensity

Sowbugs(MT)

3.2.3DetailedCausesandAssociatedSourcesTheYarrow/ConsaulSt.samplingsite(RM3.1)islistedasinNon-AttainmentoftheModifiedWarmwaterHabitataquaticlifeusedesignation.ThecausefortheNon-Attainmentlistingissedimentation/siltationduetochannelization,aswellascontaminatedsedimentsfromindustriallandfills/runoff.HabitatattributesatthissamplinglocationdonotmeetWarmwaterHabitatAttributes,andconsistentlyexhibithigh-andlow-influenceModifiedWarmwaterHabitatAttributes.ThedatasummarizedpreviouslyinTable5fromtheOhioEPATechnical

4SuggestedQHEIscoreforModifiedWarmwaterHabitats(OEPA,2013b).


SupportDocument(OhioEPA,2010)revealadirectlinkbetweenthepresenceofattributesthathavemoderatetohighinfluenceontheNon-AttainmentlistingattheYarrow/ConsaulSt.samplingsite(i.e.,non-attainmentofIBIandICIgoals).ThesecontributingattributesfromtheadjacentwatershedofCriticalArea1include:

• Channelization• Silt/MuckSubstrates• NoSinuosity• Sparse/NoCover• HeavyorModerateSiltCover• Fair/PoorDevelopment• Only1-2CoverTypes• SlowCurrent• HightoModerateEmbeddedness• AbsenceofRiffles

Projectsthataddresstheabovedescribedhabitat-relatedattributes(e.g.,embeddedness)willpositivelyaffecttheQHEIscoringindex.Itisexpectedthatasthehabitat(QHEI)scorebecomesbetter,theIBI,andICIindicesscoringwillalsoimprove.Projectsthatretain,detain,treatorslowrunofffromimpervioussurfaceswillalsolikelycontributetowardsimprovementofthesehabitatattributes.3.2.4OutlineGoalsandObjectivesfortheCriticalAreaCriticalArea1isprimarilyimpairedbaseduponsedimentation/siltation,resultingfromchannelization,aswellascontaminatedsedimentsfromindustriallandfills/runoff.Contributingtothisimpairmentisalsosedimentresuspensioncausedbyflashyflowsandurbanrunoff.OtterCreek’slengththroughthiscriticalareaapproximatesthreemiles,creatinganareaaslargeas54acresforriparianrestoration(75feeteachside)alongthissegment.Landusewithinthisreachishighlyresidentialanddeveloped;opportunitiesforstormwatermanagementandtreatmentofurbanrunoffshouldalsobepursued.Goals

TheoverarchingnonpointsourcerestorationgoalofanyNPS-ISplanistoimproveIBI,MIwb,ICI,andQHEIscoressothatthepartialornon-attainmentstatuscanachievefullattainmentofthedesignatedaquaticlifeuseforthatwaterbody.TheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12isinNon-AttainmentofitsdesignatedModifiedWarmwaterHabitataquaticlifeuse.Thisattainmentstatusisduetoseveraldifferentreasonsacrossthehydrologicunit;however,thesegmentupstreamandcontainingthesamplingsiteatYarrow/ConsaulSt.isinNon-Attainmentduetolowfishcommunity,macroinvertebratecommunity,andhabitatscores.TheremaininggoalsforCriticalArea1oftheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12aretoimprovetheIBI,ICIandQHEIattheYarrow/ConsaulSt.samplingsiteonOtterCreek(RM3.1)sothattheNon-AttainmentstatusforthissamplingsitecanbechangedtofullattainmentofthedesignatedMWHaquaticlifeuse.Thesegoalsaretospecifically:

Goal1. AchieveIBIscoreof20atYarrow/ConsaulSt.onOtterCreek(RM3.1).• NOTACHIEVED:Sitecurrentlyhasascoreof18.

Goal2. AchieveICIscoreof22(Good)atYarrow/ConsaulSt.onOtterCreek(RM3.1).• NOTACHIEVED:SitecurrentlyhasascoreofVeryPoor.

Goal3. AchieveQHEIscoreof43atYarrow/ConsaulSt.onOtterCreek(RM3.1).• NOTACHIEVED:Sitecurrentlyhasascoreof25.5.


Objectives

InordertoachievetheoverallnonpointsourcerestorationgoalofrestoringFullAttainmenttotheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12,thefollowingobjectivesneedtobeachievedwithinCriticalArea1.

Objective1. Reducestormwaterinputsandimpactsinthesubwatershed.• ImplementgreeninfrastructureprojectswithinCriticalArea1thatretain,detain,

and/ortreatrunofffromatleast200acresofurbanizedimpermeablesurfaces(i.e.,parkinglots,roads,etc.),constituting~10%ofthecriticalarea.

Objective2. Restorewetlandandriparianareasalongthestreambank.

• Restore,create,orenhanceatleast5acresofwetlandarea.• Restoreatleast25acresofripariancorridorandfloodplainhabitat

Objective3. Restorestreamandchannelfunction.

• Restoreatleast5000linearfeetofstreamthroughbankstabilization,floodplainreconnection,nativeplantings,andinstreamhabitatstructures.

Waterqualitymonitoringisanintegralpartoftheprojectimplementationprocess.Bothproject-specificandroutinelyscheduledmonitoringwillbeconductedtodetermineprogresstowardsmeetingthegoals(i.e.,waterqualitystandards).Throughanadaptivemanagementprocess,theaforementionedobjectiveswillbereevaluatedandmodifiedasnecessary.Objectivesmaybeaddedtomakefurtherprogresstowardsattainmentgoals,oraltered,asasystemsapproachofmultiplebestmanagementpractices(BMPs)canacceleratetheimprovementofwaterqualityconditions.TheOhioEPANonpointSourceManagementPlanUpdate(OhioEPA,2013)willbeutilizedasareevaluationtoolforitslistingofalleligibleNPSmanagementstrategiestoconsiderincluding:

• UrbanSedimentandNutrientReductionStrategies;• AlteredStreamandHabitatRestorationStrategies;• NonpointSourceReductionStrategies;and• HighQualityWatersProtectionStrategies.


Chapter4:ProjectsandImplementationStrategy4.1OverviewTablesandProjectSheetsforCriticalAreasProjectsandevaluationneedsareidentifiedfortheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12baseduponidentifiedcausesandassociatedsourcesofnonpointsourcepollution.Overtime,thesecriticalareaswillneedtobereevaluatedtodetermineprogresstowardsmeetingrestorationandattainmentgoals.Timeisanimportantvariableinmeasuringprojectsuccessandoverallstatuswhenusingbiologicalindicesasameasurementtool.Somebiologicalsystemsmayshowfairlyquickresponse(i.e.,oneseason),whileothersmaytakeseveralseasonsoryearstoshowprogresstowardsrecovery.Inaddition,reasonsfortheimpairmentotherthanthoseassociatedwithnonpointsourcepollutionsourcesmayarise.Thoseissueswillneedtobeaddressedunderdifferentinitiatives,authoritiesorprogramswhichmayormaynotbeaccomplishedbythesameimplementersaddressingthenonpointsourcepollutionissues.FortheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12,thereisoneProjectandImplementationStrategyOverviewTable(subsection4.2.1).FutureversionsofthisNPS-ISwillincludesubsequentsectionsasmorecriticalareasarerefinedandmoreprojectsbecomedevelopedtomeettherequisiteobjectiveswithinacriticalarea.TheprojectsdescribedintheOverviewTablehavebeenprioritizedusingthefollowingthree-stepprioritizationmethod:

Priority1 ProjectsthatspecificallyaddressoneormoreofthelistedObjectivesfortheCriticalArea.Priority2 Projectswherethereisland-ownerwillingnesstoengageinprojectsthataredesignedto

addressthecause(s)andsource(s)ofimpairmentorwherethereisanexpectationthatsuchpotentialprojectswillimprovewaterqualityintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.

Priority3 Inanefforttogenerateinterestinprojects,aninformationandeducationcampaignwillbe

developedanddelivered.SuchoutreachwillengagecitizenstosparkinterestbystakeholderstoparticipateandimplementprojectslikethosementionedinPriority1and2.

ProjectSummarySheets(PSS)areinsubsection4.2.2.ThesePSSprovidetheessentialnineelementsforshort-termand/ornextstepprojectsthatareindevelopmentand/orinneedoffunding.Asprojectsareimplementedandnewprojectsdevelopedthesesheetswillbeupdated.AnynewPPScreatedwillbesubmittedtothestateofOhioforfundingeligibilityverification(i.e.,allnineelementsareincluded).

4.2CriticalArea1:OverviewTableandProjectSheet(s)fortheResidentialReachofOtterCreekintheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12TheinformationincludedintheCriticalArea1OverviewTableisacondensedoverviewofallidentifiedprojectsneededfornonpointsourcerestorationoftheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12CriticalArea1.ProjectSummarySheetsareincludedforshort-termprojectsoranyprojectthatisconsideringseekingfundinginthenearfuture.OnlythoseprojectswithcompleteProjectSummarySheetswillbeconsideredforstateandfederalNPSprogramfunding.4.2.1CriticalArea1:ProjectandImplementationStrategyOverviewTableTheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12CriticalArea1isbasedonNon-AttainmentstatusoftheaquaticlifeusedesignationattheYarrow/ConsaulSt.samplingsite(RM3.1).TheCriticalArea1OverviewTableprovidesaquicksummaryofwhatneedstobedone,where,andwhatproblem(cause/source)willbeaddressedandincludesprojectsatalllevelsofdevelopment(i.e.concept,needfunding,inprogress).ThisOverviewTableisintendedtoshowaprioritizedpathtowardtherestorationoftheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12.


*OhioEPA,2013a

CriticalArea1:ProjectOverviewTableforOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100706)

Goal Objective Project# ProjectTitle(EPACriteriag)

LeadOrganization(criteriad)

TimeFrame(EPACriteriaf)

EstimatedCost(EPACriteriad)

Potential/ActualFundingSource(EPACriteriad)

UrbanSedimentandNutrientReductionStrategies*

1,2,3 1,2 1 UrbanRunoffCaptureandOtterCreekRestorationProject

CityofOregon

Short(1-3years) $550,000 OhioEPA§319,

GLRI,SOGL

1,2,3 1,2,3 2 OtterCreekResidentialCorridorProject(multi-phase)

CityofOregon

Medium(3-5years) TBD OhioEPA§319,

GLRI,SOGLAlteredStreamandHabitatRestorationStrategies*

1,2,3 1,2 1 UrbanRunoffCaptureandOtterCreekRestorationProject

CityofOregon

Short(1-3years) $550,000 OhioEPA§319,

GLRI,SOGL

1,2,3 1,2,3 2 OtterCreekResidentialCorridorProject(multi-phase)

CityofOregon

Medium(3-5years) TBD OhioEPA§319,

GLRI,SOGLAgriculturalNonpointSourceReductionStrategies*

HighQualityWatersProtectionStrategies*

OtherNPSCausesandAssociatedSourcesofImpairment


4.2.2CriticalArea1:ProjectSummarySheet(s)TheProjectSummarySheetsprovidedbelowweredevelopedbasedontheactionsoractivitiesneededtorestoretheOtterCreekRM3.1samplingsitetoattainmentoftheaquaticlifeusedesignation.Theseprojectsareconsiderednextsteporpriority/shorttermprojectsandareconsiderablyreadytoimplement.Mediumandlonger-termprojectswillmostlikelynothaveaProjectSummarySheetorwillnothaveacompleteProjectSummarySheet,astheseprojectsarenotreadyforimplementationorneedmorethoroughplanning.

CriticalArea1:Project1Nine

ElementCriteria

Informationneeded Explanation

n/a Title UrbanRunoffCaptureandOtterCreekRestorationProject

criteriad

ProjectLeadOrganization&Partners

CityofOregon

criteriac HUC-12&CriticalArea

OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(041000100706)CriticalArea1

criteriac LocationofProjectEastmorelandPark,nearSylvandaleAvenue,OregonOhio,43616;41.642298,-83.491629

n/aWhichstrategyisbeingaddressedbythisproject?

UrbanSedimentandNutrientReductionStrategiesAlteredStreamandHabitatRestorationStrategies

criteriaf TimeFrame Short(1-3years)

criteriag ShortDescription

Thisprojectconsistsoftheplanning,detaileddesign,andconstructionofanurbanrunoffcaptureandtreatmentwetlandsystemonOtterCreek.

criteriag ProjectNarrative

Theprojectwilldivertneighborhoodstormwaterfrom43acresthroughaconstructedwetlandtreatmentsystemonOtterCreek.Stormwaterwillflowtoaretentionbasintoslowflowandallowparticulatestosettleandthenthroughameanderingfloodplainarea,plantedwithnativespeciesbeforeenteringOtterCreek.Additionally,bankswillbestabilizedalong~800feetofOtterCreekand~400feetwillbereconnectedtorestoredfloodplain.Accessiblepathwaysandeducationalsignageatoverlookswillalsobeinstalled.

criteriad EstimatedTotalcost $550,000

criteriad

PossibleFundingSource

OhioEPA§319,GLRI,SOGL

criteriaa

IdentifiedCausesandSources

Cause:Sedimentation/SiltationSource:Channelization(exacerbatedbyurbanizationandflashyflows)


CriticalArea1:Project1

criteriab&h

Part1:HowmuchimprovementisneededtoremovetheNPSimpairmentassociatedwiththisCriticalArea?

Objective1)Reducestormwaterinputsandimpactsinthesubwatershed.• ImplementgreeninfrastructureprojectswithinCriticalArea1that

retain,detain,and/ortreatrunofffromatleast200acresofurbanizedimpermeablesurfaces(i.e.,parkinglots,roads,etc.),constituting~10%ofthecriticalarea.

Objective2)Restorewetlandandriparianareasalongthestreambank.• Restore,create,orenhanceatleast5acresofwetlandarea.• Restoreatleast25acresofripariancorridorandfloodplainhabitat

Part2:HowmuchoftheneededimprovementforthewholeCriticalAreaisestimatedtobeaccomplishedbythisproject?

Thisprojectwill:• Treatstormwaterfrom43acresofresidentialareawith0.5acre

retentionpondforstormwaterand1.5acresofuplandareaforstormwaterfiltration(22%ofObjective1)

• Restore1.6acresoffloodplain/wetlandarea(32%ofObjective2)Goals:Thereisrecognitionthatthereislagtimeassociatedwithnonpointsource-relatedprojectsandmeasuredstreamresponse.WithrespecttothegoalsinCriticalArea1,themaindriverisQHEI.CurrentdatashowsthatthestreaminCriticalArea1isat25.5—whichis17.5pointsbelowtheattainmentindexscoreof43.ItisexpectedthatthisprojectwillcauseanincrementalincreaseintheQHEIscoringby3points(or18%progresstowardthegoal)overtime,withcomparableincreasesinIBI,MIwbandICIscores.

Part3:Loadreduced?

70#phosphorus/year;8.7tonstotalsuspendedsolids/year

criteriai

HowwilltheeffectivenessofthisprojectinaddressingtheNPSimpairmentbemeasured?

StafffromtheOEPA-DSWEcologicalAssessmentUnitwillperformbothpre-andpost-projectmonitoring.Inaddition,thissamplingsitewillalsobemonitored(aspartoftheState’songoingsurfacewatermonitoringprogramcycle)todetermineprogress(throughIBI,ICI,andQHEI)fromnon-attainmenttofullattainment.Thenextregularlyscheduledsamplingissettooccurinsummer2017.TheCityofOregonwillalsosampleforphosphorus,totalsuspendedsolids,andE.coli.

criteriae

InformationandEducation

Outreachforthisprojectincludespublicmeetingspre-andduringconstruction.Educationforthisprojectincludesplacementofeducationalsignagealongapublicaccesswalkingpathonthesite.


WorksCitedBobak,Deanna.(2010).PolycyclicAromaticHydrocarbonCharacterizationinOtterCreek,NorthwestOhio.Retrievedon0101,2017fromTheUniversityofToledo:http://utdr.utoledo.edu/theses-dissertations/795/.

CityofToledo.(2017).EnvironmentalServices.Retrievedon0119,2017fromCityofToledo:http://toledo.oh.gov/services/public-utilities/environmental-services/.

Downes,Randolph.(1954).IndustrialBeginnings,428pp.Toledo,Ohio:HistoricalSocietyofNorthwesternOhio.

Fassett,J.(1961).HistoryofOregonandJerusalem,349pp.Camden,Arkansas:TheHurleyCompany,Inc.Homer,C.D.(2015).Completionofthe2011NationalLandCoverDatabasefortheconterminousUnitedStates-Representingadecadeoflandcoverchangeinformation.PhotogrammetricEngineeringandRemoteSensing,v.81,no.5,p.345-354.

MaumeeRAP.(2006).MaumeeAreaofConcern(AOC)Stage2WatershedRestorationPlan.Toledo.

OhioEPA.(2009).TotalMaximumDailyLoadsfortheSwanCreekWatershed.Retrievedon1210,2016fromOhioEPA:http://www.epa.ohio.gov/dsw/tmdl/MaumeeRiver.aspx#119943142-swan-creek.

OhioEPA.(2010).BiologicalandWaterQualityStudyofthePortageRiverBasin,SelectLakeErieTributaries,andSelectMaumeeRiverTributaries,2006-2008(OhioEPATechnicalReportEAS/2010-4-4).Columbus:OhioEPA.

OhioEPA.(2012).TotalMaximumDailyLoadsfortheMaumeeRiver(lower)TributariesandLakeErieTributariesWatershed.Retrievedon1211,2016fromOhioEPA:http://epa.ohio.gov/Portals/35/tmdl/MLLEtribs_Final_Report.pdf.

OhioEPA.(2013a).Ohio’sNonpointSourceManagementPlanUpdate(FY2017-2018).Retrieved0131,2017fromOhioEPA:http://www.epa.ohio.gov/portals/35/nps/nps_mgmt_plan.pdf.

OhioEPA.(2013b).TotalMaximumDailyLoadsfortheOttawaRiver(LimaArea)Watershed.Retrieved0416,2017fromOhioEPA:http://www.epa.state.oh.us/Portals/35/tmdl/OttawaLima_Report_Final.pdf

OhioEPA.(2016).2016IntegratedWaterQualityandMonitoringReport.Retrievedon1210,2016fromOhioEPA:http://wwwapp.epa.ohio.gov/gis/mapportal/IR2016.html.

OhioEPA.(2017).IndividualNPDESPermitsinOhio-OhioDivisionofSurfaceWater.Retrievedon0203,2017fromOhioEPA:http://oepa.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=25cf405adc3444139f4b410e69a2bbc9.

PartnersforCleanStreams.(2016).MaumeeRAPandAOC.Retrieved1228,2016,fromPartnersforCleanStreams:http://www.partnersforcleanstreams.org/about/maumee-rap-and-aoc.

PartnersforCleanStreams.(2017).MaumeeAOCDataManagementandDelistingSystem.Retrieved0119,2017fromMaumeeAOCAdvisoryCommittee:http://dmds.maumeerap.org/.

TetraTech.(2008).ScreeningandBaselineEcologicalRiskAssessment,DuckandOtterCreeks,ToledoandOregon,Ohio.PreparedforPartnersforCleanStreams,Inc.,byTetraTechEMI,Inc.,


Chicago,IL.ToledoMetropolitanAreaCouncilofGovernments(TMACOG).(2007).Historicaldocumentsfromanonymoussources.Accessedandcopied1997.ToledoWaterwaysInitiative.(2017).ToledoWaterwaysInitiative:MakingOurRiversCleaner.Retrieved0316,2017,fromToledoWaterwaysInitiative:http://www.toledowaterwaysinitiative.com.

UniversityofToledo.(2017).DepartmentofEnvironmentalSciences.Retrievedon0119,2017fromUniversityofToledo:http://www.utoledo.edu/nsm/envsciences/.

U.S.EPA.(2008).HandbookforDevelopingWatershedPlanstoRestoreandProtectOurWaters.Washington,DC.Retrievedon1228,2016fromU.S.EPA:https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/2008_04_18_nps_watershed_handbook_handbook-2.pdf.

U.S.EPA.(2017).GreatLakesAOCContaminatedSedimentManagementPlan.Washington,DC.Retrievedon0128,2017fromU.S.EPA:https://www.epa.gov/great-lakes-legacy-act/great-lakes-aoc-contaminated-sediment-management-plan.

Appendices


AppendixA:AcronymsandAbbreviationsTheacronymsandabbreviationsbelowarecommonlyusedbyorganizationsworkingtorestoreOhio’swatersheds;manyofwhichareincludedinthisNPS-ISplan.AAOC AreaofConcernBBMP BestManagementPracticeBOD BiochemicalOxygenDemandCCSO CombinedSewerOverflowDDELT Deformities,ErodedFins,Lesions,andTumorsDNR DepartmentofNaturalResourcesEEOLP Erie-OntarioLakePlainEcoregionEWH ExceptionalWarmwaterHabitatGGIS GeographicalInformationSystemHHELP Huron-ErieLakePlainEcoregionHg MercuryHUC HydrologicUnitCodeIIBI IndexofBioticIntegrityICI InvertebrateCommunityIndexLLRW LimitedResourceWaterMMg/l MilligramsperLiterMGD MillionGallonsperDayMIwb ModifiedIndexofWellBeingMWH ModifiedWarmwaterHabitatNNPDES NationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem


OODA OhioDepartmentofAgricultureODNR OhioDepartmentofNaturalResourcesODH OhioDepartmentofHealthOEPA OhioEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyPPAH PolycyclicAromaticHydrocarbonsPCB PolychlorinatedBiphenylsQQHEI QualitativeHabitatEvaluationIndexRRAP RemedialActionPlanSSSO SanitarySewerOverflowSWCD SoilandWaterConservationDistrictTTMDL TotalMaximumDailyLoadLimitsTSD TechnicalSupportDocumentUµg/kg MicrogramsperKilogramUSACE UnitedStatesArmyCorpsofEngineersUSDA UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureUSEPA UnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyUSFWS UnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceUSGS UnitedStatesGeologicalSurveyUSPC UnitedStatesPolicyCommitteeVVAP VoluntaryActionProgramWWAP WatershedActionPlanWBP WatershedBasedPlanWC WatershedCharacterizationWQ WaterQualityWQS WaterQualityStandards(OhioAdministrativeCode3745-1)WRAS WatershedRestorationActionStrategyWWH WarmwaterHabitatWWTP WastewaterTreatmentPlant


AppendixB:IndexofTablesandFigures

IndexofTablesTable1:NPDES-PermittedFacilitiesinOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(OhioEPA,2017)...............................7Table2:SedimentContaminantsofConcerninOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(OhioEPA,2012).................7Table3:LandUseClassificationsinOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(Homer,2015)........................................8Table4:OverallBiologicalIndicesScoresforSelectedSitesinOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(OhioEPA,

2010;PartnersForCleanStreams,2017).....................................................................................................9Table5:QualitativeHabitatEvaluationIndex(QHEI)MatrixwithWarmwaterHabitat(WWH)andModified

Warmwater(MWH)AttributeTotalsinOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12(OhioEPA,2010).............12Table6:CausesandSourcesofNPSImpairmentsforSelectedOtterCreekandDuckCreekSamplingLocations

(OhioEPA,2010).........................................................................................................................................13Table7:OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12CriticalAreaIdentification..............................................................14Table8:CriticalArea1-FishCommunityandHabitatData(OhioEPA,2010).........................................................17Table9:CriticalArea1-MacroinvertebrateCommunityData(OhioEPA,2010).....................................................17

IndexofFigures/PhotosFigure1:LocationoftheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12WithintheMaumeeAOC.......................................1Figure2:RiverMileMapofOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12............................................................................1Figure3:TheOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12inRelationtotheHistoricOakOpeningsRegionandHistoric

GreatBlackSwamp.......................................................................................................................................2Figure4:OilySheenBroughttotheSurfaceWhenSedimentsWereDisturbedinOtterCreekin2005....................5Figure5:PubliclyOwnedParksandProtectedLandsintheLakeErieTributariesWatershed...................................6Figure6:LandUseinOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12......................................................................................7Figure7:ToledoUrbanizedAreaasDefinedbythe2010Census...............................................................................8Figure8:SamplingLocationsandAttainmentStatusinSelectedLocationsinOtterCreek-FrontalLakeErie

HUC-12........................................................................................................................................................10Figure9:OtterCreekatConsaulandYarrowStreetsin2010...................................................................................11Figure10:OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12CriticalAreas................................................................................15Figure11:OtterCreek-FrontalLakeErieHUC-12CriticalArea1..............................................................................16