बि�ज प्रबि�या� कशी� करा�वी�?
Vigyan Ashram
(A center of Indian Institute Of Education)At. Post Pabal Dist. Pune 412403
www.vigyanashram.com www.techshala.com
www.renindia.in
ibajap`ik`yaa
• ibajap`ik`yaa kolyaamauLo ibayaaNyaaMcaI ]gavaNaxamata vaaZto ,• ipkacaI raoga p`tIkarSa@tI vaaZto• ipkacyaa ]%padnaat maaozyaa p`maaNaavar vaaZ haoto.• ]%padIt maalaacaI p`tvaarI hI maaozyaa p`maaNaat caaMgalaI Asato.
“Sauw ibajaapaoTI fLo rsaaL gaaomaTI”
ibayaaNyaaMnaa porNaI puvaI- jaI p`ik`yaa kolaI jaato %yaasa ibajap`ik`yaa Asao mhNatat.
mhNauna porNaI puvaI- sava-ca ibayaaMnaa AaOYaQaacaI p`ik`yaa kolaI tr maaozyaa p`maaNaavar ]%padnaat vaaZ hao[la.
1.ibayaaNyaacaI sauPtavasqaa GaalavaNyaasaazI.2.ibayaaNyaacaI ]gavaNa xamata vaaZvaNyaasaazI ,3.ijavaaNau KtaMcaa vaapr. 4.raoga va ikDIMpasaUna ipkacaa bacaava krNyaasaazI.
ibaja p`ik`yaocao p`mauK ]i_YT
ibajap`ik`yaosaazI AavaSyak saaih%ya
Gamaolao
hatmaaojao
gaa^gala
maask,
paNaIAaOYaQagaaoNapaTgauL
ibayaaNyaacaI sauPtavasqaa
vaatavarNaat yaaogya va Anaukula GaTk Asatanaa AMkurNaxama ibayaa $jat naahI.ASaa ibayaaMcyaa Avasqaolaa sauPtavasqaa mhNatat. vaogavaogaLyaa ibayaMamaQyao sauPtavasqaocaa kalavaQaIcaa vaogavaogaLa Asatao.tao kahI idvasaapasauna kahI mahInyaaMpya-Mt Asau Saktao.
sauPtavasqaocaI karNao
1.kahI ibayaaMcao AavarNa kzINa Asato.%yaamauLo paNaI va Aa^i@sajana Aat iSa$ Sakt naahI.2.kahI p@va ibayaaMmaQaIla baIjagaBa- puNa- vaaZlaolaa nasatao %yaamauLo %yaaMcao AMkurNa haot naahI.3.ibaT$T saar#yaa ibayaaMt kahI AMkurNa raoQak rasaayainak d`vya tyaar haotat. %yaamauLo AMkurNa p`ik`yaa haot naahI. ]da.kaOmaairna ho baIjaaMkurNaraoQak d`vya ibayaaMmaQyao AaZLto.
ibayaaNyaacao kvaca GaasaNao : kahI ibayaaMcao kvaca Kup TNak
ikMvaa jaaD AsalyaamauLo ibayaaMt paNaI va Aa^i@sajana kahIca iSart naahI AaiNa ibayaaMcao AMkurNa haot naahI ASaa ibayaa KDbaDIt pRzBaagaavar GaasalyaamauLo %yaa izsauL haotat.yaamauLo baI maQyao paNaI SaaoYalao jaato va baIjaaMkurNaalaa madt haoto.]da : krTaolaI ,baaor ,icaMca.
ibayaaNao paNyaat iBajavaNao : baI paNyaat iBajaivalyaamauLo
%yaavarIla kvaca narma pDto.tsaoca ibayaaNyaat Asalaolao AMkurNa ivaraoQak rsaayana paNyaat ivarGaLuna baahor pDto %yaamauLo ibayaaMcao AMkurNa lavakrca haoNyaasa madt haoto. ]da. kakDIvagaI-ya Baajyaa.
ibayaaNao sauPtavasqaot GaalavaNyaasaaTI kravayaacaI p`ik`yaa
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Aamlaacaa vaapr : ibayaaNao tIva` Aamlaat qaaoDa vaoL
bauDvauna kaZlyaasa %yaacao kzINa kvaca narma pDuna %yaat paNaI SaaoYaNyaasa madt haoto.yaakrIta itva` salFyaurIk A^isaDcaa ]pyaaoga krtat.yaa Aamlaat ibayaaNao 1 to 2 imanaITo bauDvauna kaZavao yaa p`ik`yaonaMtr ibayaaNao vaah%yaa paNyaat svacC Qauvauna poravao.
AtI qaMD jalap`ik`yaa : kahI ibayaaMnaa Aaolasar pNa AtI
qaMD tapmaana idlao Asata AMkurNa eksaarKo AaiNa lavakr haoto.yaa
pwtIt baI paNyaat 12 to 24 tasa iBajavatat.naMtr Aaolasar rotI ikMvaa SaovaaL yaaMcyaa maaQyamaat baI po$na to 10 M sao.tapmaanaasa zovatat va puNa- saukvalyaanaMtr porNaIsaazI vaaprtat.
rsaayanao AaiNa saMjaIvakaMcaa vaapr : ibayaaNyaacaI sauPtavasqaa GaalavaNyaasaazI puZIla
rsaayanao saMjaIvakaMcaa vaapr krtat. paoT^iSayama naayaT/oT : sauPtavasqaotIla baI 0.2 %
paoT^iSayama naayaT/oTcyaa d`avaNaat iBajat zovauna naMtr porNaIsaazI vaapravao.
ijabaroilak A^isaD : yaa saMjaIvakacao 100 to 500 pIpIema tIva`tocao d`avaNa tyaar k$na %yaat baI iBajat Gaalauna porNaIsa vaapravao.
qaayaaoyaurIyaacaa vaapr : jao baI Aaolasar qaMD tapmaanaat AMkurNaxama pavato to baI 10 ila.paNyaat 50 to 300 ga`^ma qaayaaoyaurIyaacyaa d`avaNaat 24 tasa iBajat zovaavao va naMtr saaQyaa paNyaanao Qauvaavao va porNaIsa vaapravao.
saaoDIyama hayapao@laaora[-Dcaa vaapr : sava-saaQaarNapNao ek Baaga saaoDIyama hayapao@laaora[-D AaiNa 100 Baaga paNaI yaa p`maaNaat ho d`avaNa k$na %yaat ibayaaNao iBajavaavao.
kaMda yaa ipkasa saazvaNauikt kaoMba yaoNaar naahI va kaMda jaast iTkNyaasa madt hao[-la yaa saazI ma^laIkh^D/aJaIna yaacaa vaapr krtat.
baTaTa ipkacyaa baoNyaasa saazvaNaukIt kaoMba yao} nayao va jaast idvasa iTkNyaasa madt hao[-la mhNauna baoNao 38 to 45 AMSa f^ranaa[-T tapmaanaat zovatat va ma^laIkh^D/aJaIna caI p`ik`yaa krtat.
Taoma^Tao .laoTyausa [ ipkaMcao ibayaaNao saazvaNauikt Kraba hao} nayao mhNauna ToT^saaya@la^saIna cyaa d`avaNaat 16 to 24 tasa iBajat zovatat.
ibayaaNao sauPtavasqaot jaaNyaasaazI kravayaacaI p`ik`yaa
jyaa baIyaa jaIvaMt Asatat AaiNa vaatavarNaatIla yaaogya GaTk ]plabQa Asalyaasa $jau Saktat ,%yaaMnaa AMkurNaxama ibayaa Asao mhNatat.kaoNa%yaahI pirisqatIt jyaa ibayaa $jau Sakt naahIt %yaa ibayaa maRt samajaavyaat.
AMkurNaxamatocyaa kalaavaQaInausaar BaajaIpalyaacyaa ibayaaNyaacaI ivaBaagaNaI : 1. kmaI AMkurNaxamata kalaavaQaI : kahI BaajaIpalaa ipkaMcaa
ibajaaMkurNaxamata kalaavaQaI ek ikMvaa daona hMgaamaapurtaca
mayaa-idt Asatao. ]da.kaMda ,maka.2. maQyama AMkurNaxamata kalaavaQaI : kahI BaajaIpalaa ipkMcaa ibajaaMkurNaxamata
kalaavaQaI daona ikMvaa tIna hMgaamaapurtaca
Asatao.]da.GaovaDa ,vaaTaNaa ,kaobaI ,BaoMDI.3. idGa- AMkurNaxamata kalaavaQaI : kahI BaajaIpalaa ipkaMcaa
baIjaaMkurNaxamata kalaavaQaI tIna to paca hMgaamapya-Mt
Asatao.]da.kakDI ,duQaIBaaopLa ,klaIMgaD.
]gavaNa xamata
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vaatavarNaatIla tapmaana AaiNa Aad`-ta vaaZlyaamauLo ibayaaMcaI AMkurNaxamata kmaI haoto.ibayaaNao puNa- saukvaUna ,kmaI tapmaanaat ,raoga AaiNa ikDIpasauna saurixat zovalyaasa ibayaaNyaacyaa AMkurNaxamatocaa kalaavaQaI vaaZvata yaotao.
BaajaIpalaa ipkacao baI raopvaaTIkot ikMvaa jamaInaIt porlyaanaMtr %yaaMcao Apoixat p`maaNaat AMkurNa haoNyaasaazI vaatavarNaatIla kahI baahyaGaTkaMcaI tsaoca ibayaaNyaacyaa AMtga-t GaTkacaI Anaukulata AsaNao AavaSyak Asato.
ijavaaNau KtaMcaI ibajap`ik`yaa puZIla p`maaNao krtat.
A^JaoTaoba^@Tr -ho ijavaaNau jamaInaImaQyao ipkaMcyaa mauLaBaaovatI rahuna AsahjaIvaI pwtInao kaya- krIt Asatat.to hvaotIla mau@t na~ SaaoYaUna Gaotat va ipkaMnaa ]plabQa k$na dotat.ho ijavaaNau Kt iWdla vagaI-ya ipko vagaLuna [tr sava- ekdla tRNaQaanya ipkaMnaa ]pyaaogaI pDtat.]da.jvaarI ,baajarI ,gahu ,maka ,}sa ,kapusa ,sauya-fula ,imarcaI ,vaaMgaI ,DaLIMba ,po$ ,AaMbaa [.Video Link – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgr80KLqqtA
rayaJaaobaIyama : yaa jaIvaaNauMcao kaya- sahjaIvaI pwtInao caalato.ho jaIvaaNau SaoMgavagaI-ya ipkaMcyaa mauLavar gaazI inamaa-Na krtat AaiNa hvaotIla na~vaayau SaaoYauna Gao}na mauMLavaaTo ipkasa ]plabQa k$na %yaamauLo na~yau@t KtaMcaI maa~a saaQaarNa 25 % kmaI p`maaNaat laagato.
Video Link - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6o9gISHPqhE
A^JaaoisprIlaIyama ho ijavaaNau tRNaQaanya va BaajaIpalaa ipkaMcyaa mauLaMmaQyao va mauLaBaaovatI rahuna na~ isqar krNyaacao kaya- krtat.jvaarI AaiNa maka ipkasaazI ]pyau@t.
T/ayakaoDmaa- hI praopjaIvaI baurSaI jamaInaIt pdaqaa-var maaozyaa p`maaNaat vaaZto va [tr raoga ijavaaNauMcaI vaaZ inayaMi~t krto.tI [tr raogakark baurSaIvar Qaagao naYT k$na k$na ibajaaNau kmakuvat banavato.%yaamauLo %yaaMcaI ]gavaNaxamata kmaI haoto.yaa jaOva raoga inayaM~kacyaa vaapranao jamaInaIWaro haoNaa yaa raogaacao p`BaavaI inayaM~Na hao} Sakto.Video link – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eD00Zcyo3gs
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sfurd ivarGaLivaNaaro ijavaaNau : jamaInaIt ivarGaLNyaasa kzINa Asalaolyaa kahI Annad`vyaamaQyao sfurdcaa k`maaMk pihlaa laagatao.%yaamauLo rasaayainak Kt $panao vaaprlaolao sfurd kaoNa%yaa naa kaoNa%yaa rasaayainak sva$pat maatImaQyao isqar haoto.yaamauLo Kt $panao idlaolyaa sfurdcaa ]pyaaoga vanasptI SaaoYaNaasaazI k$na Gao} Sakt naahI va iSafarSaInausaar idlaolyaa sfurdyau@t Ktacaa ]pyaaoga puNa-pNao hao} Sakt naahI.yaakrIta sfurdyau@t Ktacaa vanasptIMnaa laagaNaa yaa rasaayainak sva$pat $paMtr haoNao garjaocao Aaho. sfurd ivarGaLivaNaarI ijavaaNau Kto saMvaQa-nao Aivad`avya isqar$pI sfurdcao d`avya rasaayainak sva$pat $paMtr k$na to ipkaMnaa ]plabQa k$na dotat.yaamauLo rasaayainak sfurdyau@t Ktacaa vaapr d`vya sva$pat ipkvaaZIcyaa yaaogya kalaavaQaIt haoNao Sakya haoto.Video link- -http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xA8k0uCxRKU
jyaa ibayaaMcao Aakar lahana Asatat %yaa ibayaaMcaI porNaI saulaBa
haoNyaasaazI %yaamaQyao lahana AakaracaI vaaLu ikMvaa maatI
ima@sa k$na porNaI kolaI jaato ]da.raLo ,maaohrI ,tMbaaKu [.
[tr mah%vaacyaa
ibajap`ik`yaa
ibajap`ik`yaa krtanaa GyaavayaacaI kaLjaI
• ijavaaNau KtacaI ibajap`ik`yaa kolyaanaMtr %yaa ibayaaMvar rasaayainak AaOYaQaaMcaI ibajap`ik`yaa k$ nayao.
• rasaayainak AaOYaQaaMcaI ibajap`ik`yaa krtanaa puZIla kaLjaI GyaavaI.
1. hatamaQyao hatmaaojao Gaalaavaot.2.taoMDavar $maala baaMQaavaa.3.DaoLyaavar caYmaa vaapravaa.4.ibajap`ik`yaa krtanaa kaoNa%yaahI
p`karcyaa Annaacao saovana k$ nayao.
• ibajap`ik`yaa kolyaanaMtr ibayaaNao saavalaIt saukNyaasa zovaavao.
• ibajap`ik`yaa kolaolao ibayaaNao manauYya ikMvaa p`aNyaaMsaazI Anna mhNauna vaap$ nayao.
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