1st GENERATION OF COMPUTERS

PRESENTED BY : MARIAM NIAZ & SOBIA

YOUSUFZAI BS ENG 2 A

THE 0 GENERATION

The concept is of using a CALCULATING DEVICE called PASCALINE invented by PASCAL to calculate FAST and keep the RECORD

EARLY AGE of record keeping is

called THE 0 GENERATION

LEBINIZ WHEEL : comes right after PASCALINE

device It’s a DEVICE used for the SUBTRACTION ‘ MULTIPLICATION’ ADDITION & DIVISION operations

THE 1ST GENERATION COMPUTERS

INTRODUCTION •1946-1957 •JOHN P EKCET & JOHN W.MAUCHLY •ENIAC •EDSAC•ADVAC•UNIVAC •IBM

ENIAC : Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator ( 1946) by

JOHN EKERT & JOHN MAUCHLY 1000 times faster Used 18’000 VACCUM tubes Used in WORLD WAR II for MILITARY purposes Completes an operation in 2 minutes that takes a HUMAN to complete in 40 HOURS

EDSAC in 1949 : Electronic Delay Storage Automatic

Computer

First PRACTICAL STORED

PROGRAM electronic computer and FIRST to run a GRAPHICAL COMPUTER GAME VACCUM TUBES were used for logic & Mercury Delay Line for storage

ADVAC : Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic computer

Stores computer program with automatic CALCULATION CHECKING SOFTWARE

UNIVAC : Universal Automatic Computer

The FIRST BUSINESS USED COMPUTER , its cost was close to 1 MILLION dollars

IBM 701 : known as DEFENSE CALCULATOR

invented in 1952 Electrostatic Storage , manufactured for the first time in QUANTITY & COMERCIAL use

STORED IN AN INTERNAL ADDRESSABLE ELECTRONIC MEMOEY

The First IBM machine in which programs are

Advantages : Basic arithmetic operations only took a few MILLISECONDS 100 – 1000 times increase in the SPEDD PUNCHED cards invented to feed DATA and store PROGRAMMS Scientific purposes mainly

DRAWBACKS : High Cost Bulky and Heavy VOLUME Consumed more power then calculations

INVENTIONS WEREPUNCH CARDS AND PAPER TAPES to feed programs and Data to get the results

SECONDARY MEMORY :

Magnetic tapes & Magnetic drums for secondary memory

Punch Cards Magnetic Tape

VACCUM TUBESFor the operations and Logic

VACCUM TUBES

LANGUAGE : Used ASSEMBLY or LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE to write the programs and then converted into MACHINE LANGUAGE

1st generation:

They used vacuum tubes

They use Low Level Programming Language

Limited storage Errors and slow

calculations

5th generation:

They did not use vacuum tubes

High Level programming language used

Large storage Fast calculations &

almost no errors

Comparison of 1st-5th generation

1st generation:

No multitasking No video gaming

5th generation:

Multitasking Video gaming

industry took birth

Comparison of 1st- 5th generation

Thank You