1. MAT PAST PAPERSMAT- UNSOLVED PAPER -SEP -2005

2. SECTION AENGLISH LANGUAGE 3. Directions for questions 1 to 15:Study the following passage carefully to answer the questions that follow eachpassage. 4. PASSAGE-IChinese goods right now make up less than 3% of Indias imports and if the figures arc right they aregrowing at no more than 25% a year. So, why is everyone making such a hue and cry over the Chinesethreat? Arent Indian industrialists merely trying to get more tariff protection by stoking xenophobia?Probably some are. But that should not divert attention from the main point: China has finally shown upon Indias economy radar screen and it needs to be watched.The figures may not yet reflect it, but anecdotal evidence points to the fact that China is weighing heavily on the minds of the manufacturing industry. Even if you discount all the praying and petitioning forprotection there is enough indication that increasing number of businessmen are today looking at settingup operations in China. In other words they are putting their money where their mouth is: If you are inmanufacturing, it makes far more sense to operate out of China than out of India.According to newspaper reports, Ajanta, the world largest clock maker is shitting its manufacturing baselock, stock and barrel from Gujarats Saurashtra region to Shenzhen in China. Many other Indiancompanies, from Bajaj Electricals to Blowplast are looking at options that range from setting up theirown operations in China to starling joint ventures to outsourcing. What we have seen so far could be justthe tip of a bigger trend: there arc a lot more Indian companies centered around three fourth of China sexports. Only one-fourth of its exports consists of goods made by Chinese owned companies and thatstore is shrinking according to the Wall Street Journal. 5. In other words, Chinas amazing export performance is due to its ability to sell itself as the perfect basefor global manufacturing. This puts the issue in a larger context. This is the largest issue that shouldengage the attention of policy makers, more than the flood of imported goods from China.It is almost as if focusirig on exports means letting down the country just as rupee depreciation in somequarters is taken a mean rational emasculation. Focusing on exports will mean a lot of things. Policymakers only need to talk to Indian firms which are checking out China to get a laundry list of needs.There is of course, another way of looking at all this. Chinas competitive advantages lie in itsmanufacturing powers; Indias advantages lie in services powered by its highly skilled English speakingmanpower. It is only natural, therefore, that even as India is on the way to becoming the global backoffice for the world, China is becoming the global manufacturing base. We believe that this line ofthinking is misleading. The only thing that prevents India from becoming a global manufacturing base isthe lack of a government that functions the way it should. Meanwhile, heres a piece of advice for Indianbusinessmen. Please do whatever it takes to keep your business alive - whether it means investing inShenzhen or outsourcing from Timbuktoo - but do think global. While the govefijntnl gets its acttogether, the countrys search for nelv business models that skirt around existing bottlenecks has tocontinue. Snehdcep Agarwafs Bhaitiya International, Indias top leather garments exporter with aturnover of Rs. 200 crorc, has been notching up 30% growth year after year by outsourcing its 6. requirements from factories all around the world - including China. Maybe thats one way to 7. 01 Problem The major theme of the passage can be considered Indias business relations with China, a comparison of Indias and Chinas exports, the existing anxiety regarding Indias manufacturing performances. Indias hopes for manufacturing opportunities in China. Which one of the following can be accepted as the title for the passage? a. Chinas Amazingly Successful Export Performances b. Competition between India and China for Investments c. A Piece of Advice for Indian Businessmen d. The Chinese Threat to Indian Industrialists 8. 02 Problem Which of the following is not correct according to the author? a. Indian industrialists concentrate more on exports and less on domesticmarkets. b. Many Indian companies are not trying to set up their operations in China. c. Chinese-owned companies made one-fourth of the goods exported. d. Indian companies do not want to take the risk of setting up in China andexporting to other countries. 9. 03 Problem The reform programme in India started with the policy of restructuring of PSUs has got shifted to a. liberalization b. privatization c. globalization d. None of these 10. 04 Problem The author seems to believe that fast growth of industries depends on which one of the following factors? a. Liberalization b. Effective demand of the manufactured goods in the country and in foreignmarkets c. The domestic market d. The record-breaking exports 11. PASSAGE - IIThere is a long list of horror stories connected with the consumption of. sugar hyperactivity in children;criminal behaviour in adults; diabetes, and elevated cholesterol. There is little good scientific evidencethat sugar causes these conditions, but under certain circumstances it is thought to aggravate them.While the relationship between diet and health is far from an exact science, the relationship betweendiet and behaviour is even less clear. There is a reasonable amount of evidence that what we eat doesregulate ones brain chemistry," said Bambi Young, associate visiting professor in the Department ofEpidemiology at the UCLA, "and it is more pronounced in certain individuals and under certaincircumstances. I he effects of food on behaviour are subtle, but they do exist. I here arc somepeople, particularly young children, who are super respondents." Sugar, perhaps because it providesnothing but calories and pleasure, is high in the list of culprits. Sugar is a carbohydrate like pasla andgrain.It is a simple carbohydrate; pasta and grain are complex ones. But they are worlds apart. Allcarbohydrates are made up of one or more simple sugars. Other names under which sugar appears areglucose (blood sugar), fructose (fruit sugar), sucrose (table or refined sugar), lactose (milk sugar), andmaltose (malt sugar). Sugar is used for energy. Brain cells need it to function. Some of the glucose wetake in, whether in the form of simple or complex carbohydrates is stored to be used as needed. Theexcess is converted to fat. Sugar, that includes all forms of honey, com syrup, high-fructose corn 12. places, like mayonnaise and ketchup. Researchers generally agree that an inborn desire for sweetnessbegins at birth. One school of thought theorizes that sugar is addictive and provides a high similarto, though much lesser than, drugs. "No one knows whether one becomes addicted to the pleasure orwhether sugar has an effect in the brain level." said a professor of psychiatry. "But behaviorally there arechildren who become very dependent on sugar." However for some people who are anxious andtense, sugar has a positive effect because it promotes a feeling of well-being and of alertness. Thoughthere is a general agreement about this in the scientific community, others disagree. According tothem, there can be the opposite effect. "It depends on the persons and on the situations," said Mr.Conner of Duck University. "There are huge individual differences. Though sugar does not causehyperactivity, uncontrollable behaviour in children, it exacerbates it." One typical scenario is the childwho eats candy, cookies and cakes at a birthday party. "People are always telling me about their childrenwho came home from a birthday party hanging from a chandelier," said Bonnie Kaplan, an associateprofessor of pediatrics and psychology. "Parents blame it on sugar, but birthday parties are very excitingthings for children and in addition there are other things besides sugar in the food." Mr. Connors agreedthat "Stimulus is important," but he added, "It is hard to pin down until you realise it depends on thecontent of the rest of the meal." 13. 05 Problem Childrens way of life renders them open to a. heavy use of sugar. b. hyperactivity after eating sweets. c. eating lots of candies, cookies and cakes. d. careful selection of food items served at a birthday party. 14. 06 Problem There is good medical evidence that will worsen their condition if they dont regulate sugar consump-tion. a. adult criminals b. diabetic patients c. young sweet-eating children d. those who have cholesterol 15. 07 Problem We can have more confidence in the statement made by a. Psychiatrists b. Epidemiologists c. I; university professors d. Researchers in the field 16. 08 Problem According to the facts enumerated in the passage, the common man a. can use sugar without any apprehension in as much quantities, as he prefers. b. can give his healthy child as many chocolates and sweet meats and need nothave any fear about the intake of sugar and other carbohydrates. c. should be wise enough to use his discretion to regulate his and his familysintake of sugar, pasta and grain. d. should be wise enough to use his discretion to regulate his and his familysintake of pasta and grain. 17. PASSAGE-IIIAn expert group has sounded a timely warning on what environmentally destructive tourism will meanto national parks and wildlife sanctuaries and the objectives they are supposed to serve. Given theunique and rare wildlife the country has been endowed with, the rationale for using the resources forattracting tourists from abroad is unassailable. This necessarily postulates that the flora and the faunashould be protected and conserved. As a matter of fact, much of the governments interest in wildlifepreservation has to do with the tremendous prospect of tourist traffic on that account. Yet the risk of therevenue-earning motivation overrunning the conservation imperatives is very real, the lure of thecoveted foreign exchange that goes with this business only serving to enhancing it several folds. Evenwith the tourist inflow far below the potential, the pressure of visitors is said to have been already felt onthe tiger reserves. With the Government of Indias declared intent to boost tourism quite justified for itsown reasons, the need for eliminating the risk assumes a greater sense of urgency. The study team hasnoted that most of the 41 national parks and 165 wildlife sanctuaries surveyed are open to tourists. Theless frequented among them may not require special attention immediately in this respect as much asthe ones that are major tourists attraction do. These include the Sanjay Gandhi National Park inMaharashtra, Nandankanan in Orissa, and Bannerghatta in Karnataka. Over a year ago, the Indian Boardfor Wildlife expressed concern over the looming danger, and decided that the core areas of nationalparks and sanctuaries should be kept totally free from biotic disturbances, and the visitors "be permitted 18. to view the wildlife only from areas marked out for the purpose. And now, the expert group has come upwith the suggestion that a case by case evaluation be done of the capacity as well as the limitations ofall the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries and based on such assessment an area-specific plan fortourist promotion w within the safety norms be charted. That this is the most scientific way of goingabout the job, and that there is no time to lose can be readily conceded. 19. 09 Problem Biotic disturbances in the context means a. attacks from other living things, animals etc. b. the disturbances caused by the natives on seeing the strange foreigners. c. the political disturbances causing the closedown of the parks. d. disturbances caused by the wild animals or seeing the tourists. 20. 10 Problem By using the expression "environmentally destructive tourism", the author means a. the preservation of the wild beasts. b. destruction of the wildlife and sanctuaries. c. destroying the attractive sources of wild animal and birds. d. the maintenance of the flora and fauna of the country. 21. 11 Problem To implement the most scientific ways of tourist we should a. get industries and talented persons trained i the field. b. form a commission and plan out how i implement the suggestions. c. send a group of scientists abroad to learn mo about tourism. d. spend as much finance as possible to better t! suggestions made. 22. PASSAGE-IVWe tend to he harsh on our bureaucracy, but nowhere do citizens enjoy dealing with their government.They do it because they have to. But that doesnt mean that the experience has to be dismal. Now thereis a new wind blowing through government departments around the world, which could take some ofthis pain away. In the next five years it may well transform not only the way public services are deliveredbut also the fundamental relationship between governments and citizens. Not surprisingly, it is theInternet that is behind it. After e- commerce and e-business, the next revolution may be e- governance.Examples abound. The municipality of Phoenix, Arizona, allows its citizens to renew their carregistrations, pay traffic fines, replace lost identity cards etc. online without having to stand in endlessqueues in a grubby municipal office. The municipality is happy because it saves $5 a transaction itcosts only $ I >