Republic of the Philippines

Tarlac State University

College of Education

Lucinda Campus, Tarlac city

Chapter 2: Understanding Learning and

Knowledge Acquisition

(Knowledge Acquisition, Representation

and Organization; Semantic Networks)

Sharmaine C. Baun

SCHED.4

KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION, REPRESENTATION, AND ORGANIZATION

KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION -is a process of absorbing and storing new information in memory.

2 TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

I. DECLARATIVE KNOWLEDGE - refers to one’s memory for concepts, facts, or episodes.

2. PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE - refers to the ability to perform various tasks.

5 GUIDELINES FOR KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION

1. Process the material semantically.

2. Process and retrieve information frequently.

3. Learning and retrieval conditions should similar.

4. Connect new information to prior knowledge.

5. Create cognitive Procedures.

KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION AND ORGANIZATION THEORIES

1. Rule-based production models.

2. Distributed networks.

3. Propositional Models.

SEMANTIC NETWORK- is a method of representing knowledge as a system of

connections between concepts in memory

Semantic network or net-Is a graphic notation for representing knowledge in patterns of interconnected

nodes and arcs. Semantic networks were first developed for ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (A1) that primary

aim is to store knowledge so that programs can process it and achieve the verisimilitude of human

intelligence.

In Cognitive Education

LONG- TERM MEMORY

- is a large storage system, stores factual information, procedural rules of behavior,

experiential knowledge.

2 TYPES OF LONG- TERM MEMORY

1. Memory Episodic- represents our memory of events and experiences in a serial form, from

this memory that we can reconstruct the actual events that took place at a given point.

2. Semantic Memory - which is a structured records of facts, concepts and skills that we have acquired.

COGNITIVE SEMANTIC NETWORKS

COLLINS AND QUILLIAN SEMANTIC NETWORK MODEL

SCHEMA THEORY OF RUMELHART AND ORTONY

USE IN EDUCATION

Hypothesis for educational is that mapping the semantic network of an expert or knowledgeable

person.

- isolated knowledge

- knowledge structures that mimic the teacher’s knowledge structure

Concept map- is a kind of visualization or graphical representation of some domain knowledge

Concept Mapping- - is a technique to visualize relationships between different concepts

PLOTNICK FIVE PURPOSES OF CONCEPT MAPPING

1. To generate ideas

2. To design complex structures

3. To communicate complex ideas

4. To aid learning by explicitly integrating new and old knowledge

5. To assess understanding or diagnose misunderstanding

I can do all things through CHRIST who strengthen me

Phillipians 13: 4