1. BHAVIK AMINEXAM NO :05 B PHARM SEMESTER VIIIKBIPERPROJECT GUIDEMRS. MALLIKA BABUIN-CHARGE OF DEPARTMENT OF MBA(PHARMA)KBIPER, KSVV,GANDHINAGAR

2. FLOW OF PRESENTATION Introduction to CME program Review of literature Objectives of CME program Research methodology Data Interpretation and Analysis Findings Suggestions Conclusions Strengths and Limitations Bibliography 3. Introduction about projectDefinition and overview Both the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) and theAmerican Medical Association define CME as educational activities which serve tomaintain, develop, or increase the knowledge, skills, and professional performance andrelationships that a physician uses to provide services for patients, the public, or theprofession. 4. CME represents that body of knowledge and skills generally recognized and accepted by the profession as within the basic medical sciences, the discipline of clinical medicine, and the provision of health care to the public. Continuing medical education (CME) refers to a specific form of continuing education (CE) that helps those in the medical field maintain competence and learn about new and developing areas of their field. These activities may take place as live events, written publications, online programs, audio, video, or other electronic media. CME activities are developed and delivered by a variety of organizations, including: Professional Associations Medical Education Agencies Hospitals Educational institutions, including universities, medical and nursing schools. 5. Characteristics of CME program Focus: Physician competence, performance, and patient outcomes. Format: Variable, emphasis on principles of adult learning(E.g. interactive, relevant to practice techniques). Funding: Industry decreasing under influence of AAMC, IOM, MacyFoundation and Pharma. Evidence of effectiveness: CME-effective in acquisition of Knowledge, skills,and performance, but low-quality evidence. Emergence of performance improvement CME (PI-CME). 6. Review of literatureCME techniques that are more effective Interactive learning. Sequenced sessions (CME as a campaign, not just one-time only sessions). Accurate Needs Assessment (e.g. based upon measured practice gapscompared with national guidelines) Experiential learning (based upon an individuals or groups practice, e.g. PI-CME projects). 7. Meaning of CME: Continuing medical education is that processwithin the scope of family medicine which provides information andactivities designed to maintain and improve the ability of the familyphysician to provide high quality patient care. This educational processencompasses all the areas usually encountered by the family physiciannecessary to carry out these responsibilities. The benefits that are gained from a CME course for physician It makes sure that their personal satisfaction from the job they are doing ismaintained without any interruptions. With such courses they can get new skills and also these helps the physician tobecome more efficient in their work. And they can work better than ever. 8. Environmental Factors Affecting the Future of CME The content of CME is that body of knowledge and skills generally recognized andaccepted by the profession as within the basic medical sciences, the discipline of clinicalmedicine, and the provision of health care to the public. Expectations for physicians to meet licensure and certification requirements and toprovide current, patient-focused, evidenced-based care will shape the future of CME. The Impact of Technology The use of electronic health records and computerized physician order entry systems will become more common and may lead to a standardized format for medical records. Both of these technologies will make it possible for physicians to obtain objective data about all their clinical encounters and prescribing patterns and, therefore, their performance gaps. For example, providers will benefit from knowing whether an interactive DVD is as effective as simulation in addressing a particular gap in knowledge, skill, attitude, or behavior. 9. The Impact of Licensure As the entity authorized to enforce each states Medical Practice Act, the State Medical Board (SMB) has an obligation to its states citizenry to ensure that the public is protected from the unprofessional, improper, unlawful, unethical, and/or incompetent practice of medicine. Currently, 60 of the 70 SMBs require CME as part of licensure. The amount of CME required varies, as does the need for specific content. Discussion of other links between CME and licensure are underway, as SMBs consider evolving to continuous maintenance of licensure programs. As licensure requirements change, CME will need to respond in support of new licensing initiatives. 10. The Impact of MOC [MOC means MAINTENANCE OF CERTIFICATION] Today, the MOC program of the American Board of Medical Specialties is thestandard. MOC demonstrates a physicians continuing effort to assess and improveknowledge, skills, and performance. MOC expectations and the types of required performance changes willinfluence CME significantlyJust as physicians are working with more informedpatients, CME providers will target engaged physicians who have increasedexpectations for CME. 11. Objectives of CME program To provide educational activities to physicians and other healthcare professionals thatreinforce basic medical knowledge. To introduce new ideas, skills and technology and spread research findings in order toimprove the quality of healthcare that is delivered by the participants in CME programs. To provide lifelong learning opportunities to physicians and other health care providersthat aim to increase competence, enhance practice performance, and improve the healthcare status of patients. To suggest ways to make CME more doctor friendly. To understand the frequency needed for CME program. To understand the doctors expectation from CME program. 12. Research methodology Data Collection Sources PRIMARY DATA Primary data is gathered from fieldwork (by using questionnaire). Duration of Study - 3 months Target Population- Doctors Sample Size - 36 Sampling Technique- Convenience sampling Sampling Unit - Ahmedabad 13. SECONDARY DATASecondary data is gathered from internet & books.It is valuable source of new ideas that can be explored later throughprimary research. Research Design: Conclusive Type 14. Analysis and Data Interpretation1) CME programs helps in improving our practice.Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 55.56 % Doctors Strongly Agee that CME Programs help in improving theirpractice. 38.88% Doctors agree that CME Programs help in improving their practice 22.22% Doctors are neutral. 15. 2) I prefer paid CME programs than organized free by companies. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 13.88 % Doctors strongly agree to prefer with paid CME programs than organized freeby companies. 38.88% Doctors agree to prefer with paid CME programs than organized free bycompanies. 33.33% Doctors are neutral in their opinion. 13.88 % Doctors disagree to prefer with paid CME programs than organized free bycompanies. 16. 3) I prefer CME programs for a short duration.Data Interpretation:According to survey from doctors30.55% doctors strongly agree that CME programs should be for a short duration.66.67% doctors agree that CME programs should be for a short duration.2.77% doctors are neutral in their opinion. 17. 4)I prefer online CME programs. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 13.88% doctors strongly agree to prefer online CME programs. 16.66% doctors agree to prefer online CME programs. 38.88% doctors are neutral in their opinion towards online CME programs. 25% doctors disagree to prefer online CME programs. 5.56% doctors strongly disagree to prefer online CME programs. 18. 5)CME motivates us to keep up-to date with medical advances. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 61.11% doctors strongly agree that CME motivates them to up-to date with medicaladvance. 13.33% doctors agree that CME motivates them to up-to date with medical advance. 5.56% doctors are neutral in their opinion. 19. 6)CME programs at some popular resorts or holiday spots attract me. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 16.66% doctors strongly agree that CME program at some popular resorts or holiday spotattracts them. 13.88% doctors agree that CME program at some popular resorts or holiday spot attracts them. 41.66% doctors are neutral in their opinion. 13.88% doctors disagree that CME program at some popular resorts or a holiday spot attractsthem. 8.33% doctors strongly disagree that CME program at some popular resorts or a holiday spotattracts them. 20. 7) I need some tailor made CME programs from which I can select one or two. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 19.44% doctors strongly agree that they need some tailor made CME programs from which 1 or 2 can be selected. 52.72% doctors agree that they need some tailor made CME programs from which 1 or 2 can be selected. 11.11% doctors are neutral in their opinion. 11.11% doctors disagree that they need some tailor made CME programs from which 1 or 2 can be selected. 21. 8)Frequency of CME programs should be increased. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 30.55% doctors strongly agree that frequency of CME programs should be increased. 27.77% doctors agree that frequency of CME programs should be increased. 27.77% doctors are neutral in their opinion. 11.11% doctors disagree that frequency of CME programs should be increased. 2.77% doctors strongly disagree that frequency of CME programs should be increased. 22. 9)Speakers should be international level for CME programs. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 19.44% doctors strongly agree that speakers should be international level for CMEprograms. 22.22% doctors strongly agree that speakers should be international level for CMEprograms. 33.33% doctors are neutral in their opinion. 19.44% doctors disagree that speakers should be international level for CME programs. 5.55% doctors strongly disagree that speakers should be international level for CMEprograms. 23. 10) Enough materials / hard copies are not provided to doctors after CMEprograms. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 19.44% doctors strongly agree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided tothem after CME programs. 30.55% doctors agree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to them afterCME programs. 30.55% doctors are neutral in their opinion. 13.88% doctors disagree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to themafter CME programs. 5.55% doctors disagree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to them afterCME programs. 24. 11)Trade and consumer publications, advertising, textbooks and journals,web, television, patient educations comparatively are less time consumingthan CME programs. Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 2.77% doctors strongly agree that trade and consumer publications, advertisements, journals are less time consuming than CME programs. 19.44% doctors agree that trade and consumer publications, advertisements, journals are less time consuming than CME programs. 30.55% doctors are neutral in their opinion. 33.33% doctors disagree that trade and consumer publications, advertisements, journals are less time consuming than CME programs. 13.88% doctors strongly disagree that trade and consumer publications, advertisements, journals are less time consuming than CME programs. 25. 12) Which kind of CME program would you prefer? Why? Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 44.44% doctors prefer WORKSHOP PROGRAM. 33.33% doctors prefer CONFERENCE. 13.88% doctors prefer SEMINAR. 8.33% doctors prefer ONLINE CME PROGRAM. 26. 13) Current CME programs provide satisfaction to doctors? Why? Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 80.55% doctors agree that Current CME program provide satisfaction to doctors. 16.66% doctors disagree that Current CME program provide satisfaction to doctors. 27. 14) Which company gives best CME programs? Data Interpretation: According to survey from doctors, 5.55% doctors say that Dr. Reddy Laboratories Company gives best CME program. 8.33% doctors say that Mankind Pharmaceuticals gives best CME program. 5.55% doctors say that GSK (GlaxoSmithKline) company gives best CME program. 11.11% doctors say that Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals Company gives best CME program. 30.55% doctors say that Torrent Pharmaceuticals gives best CME program. 11.11% doctors say that Cadilla pharmaceuticals gives best CME program. 27.77% doctors say that Cipla pharmaceuticals gives best CME program. 28. Findings More than 90 %( 94.44%) doctors believe that CME program helps in improving theirpractice. 52.76% doctors prefer paid CME programs than organized free by companies. More than 90 %( 97.22%) doctors prefer CME program for short duration, because of busyschedule in clinic and to avoid mental fatigue. 30.54% doctors prefer online CME programme. The remaining 70% do not prefer online CMEprogram because of lack of interaction between CME program providers and doctors. 74.44 % doctors agree that CME motivates us to keep up-to date with medical advances. Only 30.54% doctors say that CME programs at holiday spots or popular resorts attract them. 72.16% doctors need tailor made programs from 1 or 2 can be selected. 58.32 % doctors believe that frequency of CME programs should be increased. Frequency: 2 or3 times in a year. 29. Cont. 41.66 % doctors agree that speakers should be international level for CME programs. 50% doctors agree that enough materials/hard copies are not provided to doctors after CME programs. 22.21% doctors agree that trade and consumer publications, Advertising, textbooks and journals, web, television, patient educations comparatively are less time consuming than CME programs. 44.44% doctors prefer workshop. 33.33% doctors prefer conference. 13.88% doctors prefer Seminar. 8.33% doctors prefer Online CME program. 80.55% doctors agree that current CME programs provide satisfaction to doctors. 30.55% doctors say TORRENT PHARMACEUTICALS give best CME programs. 27.77% doctors say CIPLA PHARMACEUTICALS give best CME programs. 30. Suggestions 94.44% doctors agree that CME programs helps in improving their practice; so, frequency ofCME programs should be increased. Paid CME programs are more preferred , so companies must organize CME for doctors byregistering doctors with registration fee(Rs 100-Rs 1000). CME programs must be for short duration because of busy schedule of doctors and also toavoid mental fatigue. Doctors suggest that in online CME programs there will be lack of interaction. Hence, as faras possible, online CME programs must not be organized or frequency of online CMEprograms must be decreased. Instead of online CME programs, conferences should beorganized for the purpose of interaction. Frequency of CME should be increased and also companies should try to make CME programsmore effective and provide latest information regarding medical advancements. In the case of CME programs, place (holiday spots, popular resorts) does not matter;knowledge provided by CME program matters.. 31. Cont. A list of programs, e.g., neuro, and cardiac, renal, hepatic, etc. tailor made CME programs can be given to doctors, so as to make their own choice and make CME programs more doctors friendly . Speakers of CME programs should be form their own city,town,or their own city so that language problems does not occur. Good speakers are required in CME programs. Doctors need regular programs with academic touch. CME programs should be more interactive and Brain storming rather than having lecture type CME program.Companies should also take care of some related services during CME programs. The most prominent ones area) Provide quality and hygiene food.b) Good hall with best ventilation and lighting.c) Minimum financial support.d) Good time schedule without disturbing their practice and personal commitments. 32. Conclusions It is well-known to all that CME programs play a major role inpharmaceutical marketing. It takes a dual role in pharmaceuticalmarketing. It takes a dual role in creating awareness about the newmolecules and brands and also helps in improving the medicalpractice of doctors to a greater extent. It is a tool that doctorsdepend on to update their knowledge towards ongoing researchesand developments. So, this project is carried out to understand theexpectations of doctors from pharma companies in organizingbetter, efficient CME programs. It is clear through the survey thatevery doctor likes to attend CME programs and companies have toconcentrate more on deciding the content and schedule to suit thepractioners need. 33. Strengths of study Captured feedback from physicians themselves. Low cost. Quantifiable Data; not labor intensive. Rapid results. 34. LimitationsBusy schedule of doctors.Wrong perception of doctors.Rush of patients to the clinic.Unwillingness of respondents to answer the asked questions due toboredom or lack of time. Hence some of them have answeredhaphazardly or randomly.Limited time, region and limited sample size restricts this project to begeneralized. 35. Bibliography1) Davis DA, Thomson MA, Oxman AD, Haynes RB. Evidence for the effectiveness of CME. A review of 50 randomized controlled trials. JAMA. 1992;268(9):1111-1117.2) Thomson. February, 2002. Thomson Job Impact Study: The Next Generation of Corporate Learning.3) Todesco A. September 1997. From Training Evaluation to Outcome Assessment: What Trends and Best Practices Tell Us. The Research Center. http://learnet.gc.ca.4) Davis D, et al. Impact of Formal Continuing Medical Education: Do Conferences, Workshops, Rounds, and Other Traditional Continuing Education Activities Change Physician Behavior on Health Care Outcomes? JAMA.1999;282(9):867-874. 36. 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