الحروف الهجائية العربية أشكالها وحركاتها

ARABIC ALPHABET THEIR SHAPES AND ASSOCIATED VOWEL

SOUNDS

Lesson#1

Lesson Objectives

In this part of the lesson#1 you will be learning the Arabic alphabet and how they look like in different positions.

Part#1Arabic Alphabet

ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض

ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و

ء ي

29 Arabic Alphabet

اIsolated InitialMedial Final

ــاــاا ا

��������ن� اأ لك�ت�اا

ب�االك�ت�

ب�لك�ت�اا

ب�

األ�ل�Alif ف�

بIsolated InitialMedial Final

ــب ـبـب بـ

ب�ك�ت�الك�ت�ا

ب�ير�ب�ك� اب�ب�

الب� اء�

Baa

تIsolated InitialMedial Final

ــت ـتـت تـ

ت�ب�ن اب�ت�ك�ت�آ اج�ت�

الت� اء�

Taa

ثIsolated InitialMedial Final

ــث ـثـث ثـ

ي$ �ثت�ر�ا ل�ه�ث

ب��ثك وب�ث�

الث� اء�

Thaa

جIsolated InitialMedial Final

جـ ــجـجـج

ي ج�ن�س� ا جح�ج�ن�ت�ية� ب�ل�ج�

الج� يم�

Jiim

حIsolated InitialMedial Final

حـ ــحـحـح

ت ح�ف�ا �لح� إ

ح�

�ل مح�ا

د�يح� ف�

د�

الح� اء�

H`aa

خIsolated InitialMedial Final

خـ ــحـخـخ

خب�ط;ي ل�ة�خن�خأ ال�د�خ�

الخ� اء�

Khaa

دIsolated InitialMedial Final

د ــدـدد

د�ي دج�اد� ج�

ج�يد�د�ج�

اد� ج�

ج�

الد� ال�

Daal

ذIsolated InitialMedial Final

ذ ــذـذذ

ذ�ل�ذ�ي يذ�ذ�ل�كر�ذ� ك�يCذ�

الذ� ال�

Jaal

رIsolated InitialMedial Final

ر ــرـرر

رب� ير� ح�

م�يCر�ث�

ير� ح�

م�

الر� اء�

Raa

زIsolated InitialMedial Final

ز ــزـزز

ي ز�ع�ز�ر�ز� و

ق��يز�زع�

ر�ز� وق�

ا الز�zaay ي

سIsolated InitialMedial Final

سـ ـسـسـسع�ر�ي

س�ر� ج�

س�ج�سم�

د�اع�س�

ة�

الي س; ن�

Siin

شIsolated InitialMedial Final

شـ ـشـشـش

ي ش�ر��ع�ر

ش�ن شم�

ة� ف�ج�ش�

ة �ر�

الي ش; ن�

Shiin

صIsolated InitialMedial Final

صـ ـصـصـص

صن�ا خ�ص

ب�ر�صي�يص� ح�

ح�

الا ص� د�

Saad

ضIsolated InitialMedial Final

ضـ ـضـضـض

ضن�ب� ر� م�ض

ر�ضي�

ب�ع�يض�

ف�

الا ض� د�

Daad

طIsolated InitialMedial Final

طـ ـطـطـط

ب ط�ر�ب�ا ر�ط�

ل�طي�

ب�

ع�اط�

م�

Taa

ظIsolated InitialMedial Final

ظـ ـظـظـظ

ضن�ب� ر� م�ض

ر�ضي�

ب�ع�يض�

ف�

الظ�ا ء�

Jaa

عIsolated InitialMedial Final

عـ ـعـعـعي م� س�

ع� ر� ل;م�ع�م�ع�و� بد�ع�

الع� ين�

Ayn

غIsolated InitialMedial Final

غـ ـغـغـغ

غ�ب�ل�يد ص�غ�

رغم�ة� ف�

ف�غ� رة�

D الغEيGن

Ghayn

فIsolated InitialMedial Final

فـ ـفـفـفي غ� ر�ف�

Cف ر�ت�افم�

ح�اف� ر�

ش�

GاءEالفFaa

قIsolated InitialMedial Final

قـ ـقـقـق

ي ق� ق�ر� قCر�اقم� ر�

ض�

رقط�ا

س�

القEاGف

Qaaf

كIsolated InitialMedial Final

كـ ـكـكـك

ل� ك�م�ك�ا س�ك�

ت�ب�كم�ة�

ت�اك�

ب�

Eا الكGف

Kaaf

لIsolated InitialMedial Final

لـ ـلـلـل

م� لج� م�ل�ق�ب�الل�وح�ل�

ة�

GالالمLaam

مIsolated InitialMedial Final

مـ ـمـمـم

ل� م�ق� ل�م�ج�مtالذ� الئم�كة

D المPيGم

Miim

نIsolated InitialMedial Final

نـ ـنـنـن

ن�ي ن�ر�النtو�

ن�ل�ن�ال م

ة� ط�ن ق

ة�

Uو النGن

Nuun

هIsolated InitialMedial Final

هـ ـهـهـه

ل�م� هق� ة�هل�ه�آ ج� و�ه�

GاءEهD Haaال

وIsolated InitialMedial Final

و ـوـوو

و�ه� ير�و� ز�ع� وص�

د�رد�و�

ة�

GاوEالوWaaw

ءIsolated

Initial

Medial Final

ب،ـؤ،ـئـءـئ،ؤ،ـأ،ءأ

أ،إ

اط� ،ش� ؤ، يجرئ�اأ،�لج�م ء�م�

ا ء�م�

� /أ ب�

�� ن�إ E Pل Eئ ، ي DنGؤ ، UمP بE نأ

DمEهD الGة Eز

Hamjah

يIsolated InitialMedial Final

يـ ـيـيـي

ك�ت�اب�

يا ش�ي

ل�يل�عق�ي�

وب�

GاءE Yaaالي

Part #2Arabic Vowel Sounds

Lesson Objectives

All of the Arabic alphabets must be associated with certain vowel sounds. To help produce these sounds certain signs had been invented, which are called حركات (Harakat). There are also three letters that help to produce long vowel sounds. In this part of the lesson# 1 you will be learning the names and pronunciation ways of the Harakat and vowel letters.

Arabic Vowel Sings

1- Dammah ــGـــ1- Fathah ــEـــ1- Kasrah ــPـــ1- Sukun ــDـــ

Examples

Eث Gت Pت Eت Gب Pب Eب Gث Pث Eد Gخ Pخ Eخ Gح Pح Eح Gج Pج Eج

Gد Pد

Pس Eس GزPز Eز GرPر Eر Gذ Pذ Eذ Gش Eش Gس

Examples

DتG PتD أ تD إ

E GبD أ PبD أ EبD إ أDخG PحD أ جD إ

E أ

DصE Gش أ EزD إسD أ رD أ

G PذD أ دD إE أ

DعE EظD أ GطD أ PضD أ D إ Eأ PنD أ EمD أ GلD أ PكD أ قD إE GفD أ PغD أ إ

ـــ Fathatan, meaning two fathahs above a letter.

Tanwin of fathatn is pronounced like `an’, e.g. ( ـا ( ب

ــــــ

Dammatan, meaning two dammas above a letter. Tanwin of dammatan is prononuced like `oon’ ,e.g.

.boon ) بـ )

Kasratan, meaning two kasras under a letter.

Tanwin of kasratan is pronounce like `in’, e.g. ( بـ ( bin.

Tanwin is a ن with sukun ( ـDــ ) which is only pronounced orally and does not appear in written form. When we pronounce two fathas, two dammas and two kasras at a letter, the sounds that come up are Tanwins.

Tanwin always takes place at the last letter of a word. The shape of this letter does not change except for the case of fathatan as it requires extra alif (ا ( to be connected to the left of the letter it would take place upon.

Tanwin

Examples

�ـ �ـ ــ �ـ �ـ ــ �ـ �ـ ــ �ـ �ـ ــ �ـ �ـ ــ

حـ حـ حـا

جـ جـ جـاث

ـث

ــا ث ت

ـت

ــا ت ب

ـب

ــا ب

شـش

ـشـا س

ـس

ـسـا

زـ زـ ا زـ رـ رـ ا رـ خـ خـ خـا

عـ عـ عـا

ظـظ

ـظـا

طـط

ـطـا ض

ـض

ـضـاص

ـص

ـصـا

لـ لـ الـ كـ كـ ـا ك قـ قـ قـا فـف

ـفـا غـ غـ غـا

ءـ ءـ ءـا وـ وـ وـا هـ هـ هـا نـ نـ ـا ن مـ ـ م مـا

يـ يـ ـا ي

Arabic Vowel Letters

اAlif always comes as vowel preceded by a letter

with Fathah, e.g. ( اE ( ب

و

ي

Wow comes as vowel when preceded by a letter

with a Dammah e.g. ( وG In the other cases it .) بremains consonant.

Waww comes as vowel when preceded by a letter

with a Kasra, e.g. ( يP In other cases it .) بremains consonant.

Examples

و ي ا و ي اGو ت Pي ت Eا ت Gو ب Pي ب Eا بجGو جPي جEا Gو ث Pي ث Eا ثخGو خPي خEا حGو حPي حEاذGو ذPي ذEا دGو دPي دEا و Gز زPي ا Eز و Gر رPي ا Eر

و Gش شPي ا Eش سGو سPي ا EسضGو ضPي ضEا صGو صPي صEا

Vowel Letters

و ي ا و ي اظGو ظPي ظEا طGو طPي طEاغGو غEي غEا عGو عPي عEا قGو قPي قEا فGو فPي فEا Gو ل لPي Eال Gو ك كPي Eا كGو ن Pي ن Eا ن مGو مPي مEا وGو وPي وEا هGو هPي هEا

Gو ي Pي ي Eا ي

Shaddah and how to use it with Sun Letters

Lesson ObjectivesIn this section of the lesson # 1 you will be learning how to pronounce a letter with Shaddah.

Shaddah and how to use it with sun letters

"Shadda" represents the doubling of a letter and it is a small shape that looks like the letter "Seen" and is put over the letter. as in

Shaddah is frequently used in Arabic .(habba)هEبlanguage, especially when we pronounce a noun with a sun letter at the beginning which is preceded by the article الـ. Up coming two slides will show you what letters are the sun letters and how to use Shaddah with them.

د ج ح خ ث تا ب ض ص ش س ز ر ذ

ع غ ط ظ ه و ن م لف ق ك

ء ي

The sun letters and the moon letters

The letters coloured in red are Sun Letters. These letters at the beginning of a world are pronounced like the Arabic �سم This is why .(meaning : the sun ) الش�they are called �وف ر� ي�ة الح� مس� الش� (The sun letters). While the remaining letters which are coloured in black are moon letters because the are pronounced

like the Arabic word ر�ا م� لق� (meaning: the moon).This is why they are called ة� DقEمEري وفG ال DرGحD (The moon letters) ال

DتG ا Eي Dب DنG ال �ي EلG الـثوبG الت ـب EجD ال Gة Eــ Dمـ ي EخD ةG ال Eر Dــ DحGجـ ــدوEاءGال الـ

Gــة Eابـ ةG الذUب Eــ ةG الروDضـ Eر Dــ الزهـGفD ي ــ` مDسG الس ــ` ياد الش ــ` الصGوء رG الضــ` Dــ رG الظه Dــ DنG الطي DعEي ال

GابE Pـت Dك رG ال EمـEقD DفEمG ال رابG ال GغـD ال GمDاللح Gاء Dـم واءG النفDسG ال EهـD ال

GمD Pي Eت Dي مG ال EرD كE Dاأل GرD DوEزPي ال

Use of Shaddah with sun letters

The End