Architecture Conservation Project 2 Presentation Slides

PEJABAT AGAMA ISLAM KLANG, SELANGOR

SITE INTRODUCTION

Pejabat Agama Islam Klang

Utilisation history: 1. Palace for the Sultan of Selangor 2. Japanese Soldiers’ Quarters3. Klang Municipal Building4. Klang Islamic Religious Office/ Pejabat Agama Islam Daerah (PAID)

Current building: Klang Islamic Religious Office Recent status: Abandoned

Building is left to deteriorate in poor state, such as1. Stolen window grills2. Eroded walls with the growth of moss3. Broken and chipped off walls

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONHistorical Background_____________________________________________________________________________

PEJABAT AGAMA ISLAM DAERAH KLANGKLANG ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS OFFICE

Historical Background

Selangor

1. Rich in natural resources, the region attracted miners, trader, and immigrants to reside in the area.

2.Raja Lumu which is one of the descendants of Bugis established Kuala Selangor and became the first Sultan of Selangor in 1766..

3. There are two capitals in Selangor which is Shah Alam as the state capital city and Klang as the royal capital city.

Klang

1. The origin of the name Klang is said to come from the Mon- Khmer word “Klong”.

2. The definition of “Klong” is a warehouse, canal, waterway or storage place for goods.

Indication of Selangor in Malaysia map

Distribution zoning and district of Old Klang

Klang Civil War (Perang Saudara)1867 - 18731. Started from the conflict between two Selangor Malay dignitaries, Raja Abdullah and Raja Mahadi to dominate tin resources in Klang River Valley.

2.Raja Abdullah was an “Orang Besar of Klang”, assigned by Sultan Muhammad.

3. Due to the great influence and reputation of Raja Mahadi in Klang, Raja Abdullah was forced to retreat to Malacca.

4.Raja Abdullah passed away, the demise was replaced by Yap Ah Loy, head of Fei Chew clan from the Haisan Society.

5.Yap Ah Loy side was assisted by the son of Sultan which is Tengku Kudin, while Raja Mahadi was assisted by Syed Manshor and the Kah Yang Chew clan from the Ghee Hin society from Kanching.

6. Through the process, Chinese society and Malays dignities form positive competition benefits in the economic development in Straits Settlement. Selangor became one of the main tin producing states in the world.

7.The Klang Civil War ends when British assisted on Tengku Kudin side in the war. Raja Mahadi was defeated by Tengku Kudin.

Yap Ah Loy

War between two Malat dignitaries

British Colonial Era

1873 - 19411. British took the opportunity to strengthen their position in Selangor during the conflict in Klang Civil War and piracy along straits of Selangor.

2. Sir Frank Swettenham successfully convince Sultan Sir Abdul Samad to place the state under British rule.

3. In December 1874, Tames Guthrie Davidson was appointed as the first British resident in Selangor, while Sir Frank Swettenham was made assistant resident in Kuala Lumpur.

4. The position of the Malay dignitaries was remained. However, the interruption of British in politics and economic had limited the power possessed by Sultan. The Sultan had authority only in terms of Islam and Malay customs.

5. After 1874, British decided to choose Klang instead of Jugra as their administration center until 1880, when they moved it to Kuala Lumpur due to its rapid development.

Sir Frank Swettenham (right) and Sultan Suleiman of Selangor (left), 1936

Economic Development of Selangor(Klang)

1847 - 19571. During this period, the economy of the state of Selangor grew rapidly from tin mining sector and commercial crops such as rubber and oil palm.

2. Despite the moving administration center to Kuala Lumpur, Klang did not lose its prominence and remain reputation with the construction of Port Swettenham (Port Klang)

3. Its position was enhanced in 1886 by the completion of Klang Valley Railway (to Bukit Kuda). The town’s growth was further provoked by the State, becoming a leading producer of coffee and rubber.

4. Throughout this period, The British administration had brought a positive impact on the economic growth of the town in general development.

5. However, the power of Sultan was limited due to the presence of British.

Tin mining area in Klang

Port Swettenham, 1910

Japanese Occupation

1941 - 19451. The Japanese invaded SEA during WW2. During this period, Malaya was gradually occupied by the Japanese.

2. The general policy of Japan administration was to make Malaya its territory.

3. Japanese exploited the local economy to fulfill its needs and assist in the war against the Allies.

4. Tin was exploited to produce ammunition, whereas rubber was harvested to produce rubber tyres for bicycles of Japanese army.

5. At that time, the Japanese treated the local people cruelly and caused the people to live in the hardship.

6. The economy of Selangor declined due to economic sanctions.

Japanese soldiers travelling with bicycles

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONSite Context, Building Timeline____________________________________________________________________________


Site Context

1. Royal Gallery of Klang (used to be Municipal of Klang and Administrative Office, during British & Japanese rule)-Located along Jalan Besar (Istana Street), adjacent to Jalan Dato Hamzah.

2. Klang Station, KTM-Located along Jalan Raya Timur-Used to be main street of Klang in 1930’s due to dependency on Klang Valley KTM Station for goods transportation.

3.Gedung Raja Abdullah-Built in 1857, oldest surviving building in Klang-Originally used as warehouse by Raja Abdullah, Malay tin-mining pioneer-1880’s - 1970’s Police station-1970’s - 1989 Former Tin Museum-Current status - Vacant

4. Pre-war Shophouses

Brief Timeline of Building Ownership

1912 Building was built as a resting palace for Sultan Allaeddin Sulaiman Shah

1938 Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman passed away

1941 Japanese invaded Malaysia and took over this building to be used as headquarter (JUNTAI)

1945 Japanese defeated. The building was used as lodging house

1949 Building was used as the Klang Institution Municipal office

1965 A meeting was convened to handover the building to JAIS

1977 JAIS moved to Sultan Sulaiman Building. PAID took over the building

1992 PAID shared building with the Lower Syariah Court

2001 The building was refurbished

2004 PAID occupied the building fully

2012 PAID moved to a new building. PADAT took over the building to conserve its historical values

2015 The building is underused and under maintenance

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONSpatial Configuration & Function____________________________________________________________________________


Spatial Configuration and Function

Spatial configuration plays an essential part in the building’s design. Proper spatial planning ensures that the spaces planned would be utilized completely while, at the same time, determines the circulation of the building itself.

As with other buildings, spaces are segregated into three general spaces, each with separate access restrictions. These spaces include public, semi-public and private spaces.

Figures 1.1 and 1.2 depict the current spatial configurations of the buildings.

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2

Spatial configuration and function during its time as a palace.

Public spaces

1. Porch

An area used by the King, for his disciples to greet.

2. Waiting Room

An area used by those who wish to meet the King. Commoners and/or palace officials would be served by the palace’s servants while awaiting the King.

3. Throne room

An area used by the people to meet with the King. This area was also used to conduct events or ceremonies by the King.


Semi-public space

1. Meeting Room

Located on the ground floor under the Living Room above, it was speculated that this room was used by the King to discuss official matters with the palace officials.

2. Living Room

Above the Meeting Room lies the Living Room, an area used by the King during times of leisure.


Private spaces

1. The King’s Office

This room was presumably used by the King as a workspace.

2. The King’s Bedroom

This space was speculated to be the King’s bedroom due to its placement next to the King’s office, as well as the shear size of the room itself.

Spatial configuration and function as the Pejabat Agama Islam

Public spaces

1. Waiting Area

As a palace, the porch was left with open arches for the King’s disciples to greet. As JAIS took over, however, the arches were sealed off in order to make more room for interior spaces, namely the waiting area.

2. Mufti Room

The term ‘mufti’ refers to an individual with authority over Islamic religious matters. The mufti room is allocated to those who wish to take note of the current Islamic rules.


Public spaces

3. Reception

- Used by individuals who wish to meet with officers regarding matters unrelated to services.

4. Clerk Sitting

- A small office space for clerks to perform their tasks

5. Document Store Room

- Two rooms used to store documents strategically placed near the clerk desks.


Semi-public spaces

1. Boss room

The office assigned to the highest ranking officer.

2. Officer’s office

The inclusion of partitions at the time were used to separate officers’ workspaces.

3. Stationery room

This room was used to store stationeries that can be accessed by the officers at any given time.


Semi-public spaces

4. Electric Room

- Used to house M&E units.

5. Anjung Canteen

- Prior to the construction of a separate canteen, this area was used as a canteen itself. It was later abandoned after the construction of another canteen opposite.


Semi-public spaces

6. Meeting Room

- Under JAIS, it was used as a courtroom but was later transformed into a meeting room after PAID took over.

7. Counseling Rooms

- JAIS extended the building, erecting two rooms to educate those who require counseling on the Islamic studies.


Public spaces (First floor)

1. Kadi Room

- A room assigned to the Kadi, the highest ranking officer. The ‘Kadi’ is a judge with the authority to marry couples.

2. Waiting Area

- This area consisted of counters manned by the officers. It also included an area for individuals to wait for their sequence.

3. Storage

- More storage was allocated on the first floor to keep important documents.


Private spaces (First floor)

1. Judge’s Room

The room allocated to the Judge while awaiting court duties.

2. Court

This area was used as a courtroom for those who have neglected the Islamic regulations set by JAIS.

3. Prayer Room

A room for Islamic individuals to perform their daily prayers.


Private spaces (First floor)

4. Waiting Area

- This room is meant to house individuals who would have been waiting to pay their fines or bail.

5. Detention room

- Two rooms used to detain individuals that have broken the Islamic rules and regulations.

6. Officer’s Office

- The working quarters of officers in charge of this section of the building.

DILAPIDATION SURVEYBuilding Evaluation____________________________________________________________________________


DILAPIDATION SURVEY

As a dilapidation survey, a detailed evaluation for the Pejabat Agama Islam Daerah (PAID) building has been executed to understand the current condition of the property; including internal and external condition of the building.

For the duration of the survey, it is discerned that there are great quantities of building defects that have weakened the entire building; resulting to the current impairment and building damage.

The Pejabat Agama Islam Daerah (PAID) building has been existent for 103 years; hence the building materials that were utilised long ago may not be adaptive to the present climate and surrounding today; thus the current building damage. For instance, acid rain may have caused corrosion on the building and the present cracks may have resulted from the uneven settlement of the building.

The current PAID building is highly deficient in preservation and conservation; as abandoned; consequently causing the building to be in a poor condition.

Dilapidation Survey

Internal condition

1. Stains

Stains have caused the PAID building to appear disorderly and cluttered; hence causing difficulty for removal. There are two main categories; which are water stain and algae stain. Thus, the building is in need for repainting and refurbishment; to rectify the current issue.

A. Water stain

The presence of water stain is due to the pipe leakage; hence causing the sipping of water to the walls and ceilings. The blockage of pipe further causes the collection of water; resulting to an overflow of water thus the sipping of water through walls and ceilings. Accordingly, the plaster wall and ceiling is dampened, hence imprinting a stain.

Water Stain

A1

A2

B. Algae stain

Algae stain is arisen when the water stain is unrectified; as the damped and moist texture of the walls and ceilings allows the growth of algae; in which has worsened the condition of the building.

2. Holes

A. Ground floor

Hole is present on the ground floor; the missing spiral staircase; as it was stolen during the abandonment of the PAID building. Consequently, the removal of staircase resulted the area of space to be damaged; such as the minute remnants and debris of the building materials that have been affected.

B. First floor

There is a presence of a large circular hole on the first floor; as when observed from top; the damage of the ground floor is highly visible in sight.

C. Walls

The presence of holes on the brick walls of the building have been impacted by the operation of knocking down partitions; to form offices; when the building was occupied by JAIS (Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor) and PAID (Pejabat Agama Islam Daerah).

D. Ceiling

The holes in the ceiling are predominantly caused by the ceiling pieces that have collapsed. The occurrence of this issue is thus caused by the removal of electrical appliances; such as lights and air-conditions. Consequently, the current situation of the entire building does not comprise of electrical appliances; other than an electrical box, situated in the electrical room.

3. Cracks

There are several types of cracks visibly seen in the PAID building; on the walls, in particular; as the paint has been peeled off. There is also a distinct presence of hairline cracks; in which, for a long duration of time, a critical damage may occur as the cracks would weaken the building; hence the possibility of a collapse.

Dilapidation SurveyExternal condition

NORTH EAST ELEVATION

Cracked and deteriorated wall

Missing windows, rusted roof and truss

Chipped paint on exterior wall

Decaying of door frame

LEGEND

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.

Broken concrete surface on column

Cracked walls causing concrete surface to break over time

Deterioration of wall and paint

Cracked floor tiles on stairs

NORTH EAST ELEVATION

LEGEND

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.

Damaged and fallen off soffit panels

Missing windows Wall dent due to piping installation

Peeled off paint near cornice

NORTH WEST ELEVATION

LEGEND

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.

Exposed and broken brick wall

Damaged damped wall Peeled off paint at the bottom of facade

Moss growth at the bottom of facade

LEGEND

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.

NORTH WEST ELEVATION

Multipurpose Performing Arts Centre

Adaptive reuse of former Klang Islamic Religious Office.

Adaptive Reuse Proposal

Introduction

In this proposal, Klang former islamic religious office is proposed to transform into a multipurpose performing arts center. The current building is situated near a couple of educational institutions such as: Sekolah Rendah Istimewa, Sekolah Kebangsaan Klang and SMK Convent. Therefore, there is a high demographic percentage of children and students near the current building, making it a suitable platform to educate and interact with the students as well as the public demographics of Klang and allowing the culture of art to spread in Klang.

By turning the former Islamic religious office into a multipurpose performing arts center, it also fulfill its responsibility to preserve and conserve the history and culture of Klang. The age old building will remain and refurbished as well as purposed by the public and the youngsters.

Precedent StudyKLPAC (The Kuala Lumpur Performing Arts Centre)

Architects : Ar. Baldip SinghAr. SekSan

Location : Kuala LumpurYear : 2005

1800s - KLPAC was a wood crafting workshop and sawmill. 1900s - Then, it was turned into a railway deport and workshop.WWII1960 - It was used as a golf club house.2005 - The building was turned into KLPAC whilst incorporates

the former structures and materials from the past.

KLPAC is transforms an age old building by maintaining and conserving its structures and materials. However, its interior was repurposed into a performing art centre aswell as public rental space for various of events. The building functions following the concept as centre of people, fusion of old charm and modernism, and maintaining rustic features blending with new aged designs.

The building consists of notable spaces such as lobby, cafeteria, theatre 1, theatre 2,Indicine (multipurpose hall), sound chamber, resting room, rehearsal room.

Ar.Baldip and Ar.Seksan orientates the design of KLPAC according to providing new structures onto yesterday’s building and ecological rustic materials design respectively.

Facade

Theatre 1 Theatre 2

Indicine Lobby

Programming

Porch

Lobby

Admin

Waiting room

Theatre

Control room

Resource centre

Backstage

Gallery

Washroom

Indicine

The new proposed Multipurpose Performing Art Centre serves to heighten the creativity of future generations in Klang, as well as incite artistic culture in Klang demographics.

Space Planning - Ground Floor

Porch

Lobby

Admin

Waiting room

Theatre

Control room

Resource centre

Backstage

Gallery

Washroom

Indicine

Porch

Lobby

Admin

Waiting room

Theatre

Control room

Resource centre

Backstage

Gallery

Washroom

Indicine

Entering the centre, lobby welcomes the visitors with warmth and the authentic essence of an age old building, symbolising the strength of past fusing with the modernity art.

The centre will consist of a theatre room for regular performing art shows as well as for event rentals such as promotions or talks.

Resource centre which is like a mini library stocks knowledge for educational purposes as well as relaxing purposes for the public to access.

Space Planning - First Floor

Porch

Lobby

Admin

Waiting room

Theatre

Control room

Resource centre

Backstage

Gallery

Washroom

Indicine

Entering the first floor, visitors are welcomed by a gallery showcasing arts and creative works. Inspiring children and public in various ways.

The control room in the centre are used to facilitate theatre events and shows.

Indicine allows rearrangement of furnitures easily and acts as multipurpose hall of the centre.Multipurpose:- Press conference- Buffet dinner- Meeting room- Small theatre- Rehearsal room

Summary

In this proposal, Multipurpose performing arts centre will be a suitable platform to educate and interact with the students as well as the public demographics of Klang. It is also a collaborative joint between residents, academia, art troupe and civil groups in Klang.

The centre orientates the design of daring use of colours which produces a vibrant atmosphere in the building at the same time conserving the striking colours of existing external facade of Klang Islamic religious office. Variation of colours also conveys the purpose of performing art centre as well as the culture of art.

Besides a theatre, the centre also features an indicine (multipurpose hall), a backstage, a gallery and a resource centre.

The final goal of the centre is to create a lively and friendly atmosphere which attracts the neighbourhood of Klang as well as art lovers from different places. Students will be able to spend their past time by visitting somewhere more meaningful while conserving and giving Klang Islamic religious office building a new life and a new meaning/

Education

Architecture Conservation Project 2 Presentation Slides