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Atoms
Their structure and the properties of elements
An element smallest posible piece… Miss Sofia Paz
First: Different elements or compounds have different properties:
States (luquid, solid, gas, plasma) this properties depend on the atoms of the
elements!
MADE UP OF SUBATOMIC PARTICLES:
-PROTONS(+)
-NEUTRONS
-ELECTRONS(-)
ATOM:Smallest possible piece of an element (without loosing their properties)
The attraction of the negatively charged electrons and the positively charged protons keeps the electrons close to
the nucleus.
How this subatomic particles form an ATOM?
-NUCLEOUS: NEUTRONS, PROTONS(+), -CLOUD OF ELECTRONS (-)
The attraction of the negatively charged electrons and the positively charged protons keeps the electrons close to
the nucleus.
Electrons have lessmass than neutrons
and protons.
NOT constantConstant
ATOMIC NUMBER (Z)( NUMBER OF PROTONS)
# of # of
The number of protons is constant in each element
The atom is electrically neutral, positive charges are
balanced with the negative
charges.
NO two elements have
the same atomic number
the number of protons = the Atomic Number(Z)
ISOTOPES (when the number of neutrons change)Alternate forms of elements (always same proton number but different neutron number)
Why C14, C13, C12??? Is the NUCLEAR NUMBER: NUMBER OF PROTONS + NUMBER OF NEUTRONS
RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPE:
HOMEWORK FOR NEX CLASS! What are radioactive isotopes and What uses does they have?
CONCEPT :CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ARE BASED ON STRUCTURE OF ATOMS
ElECTRONS AND REACTIVITY:
Electrons properties: -amount of energy -how thigly they are held by protons
Depending on this properties electrons belong to differents energy leves:I energy level can hold up to 2 electronsII energy level can hold up to 8 electronsIII energy level can hold up to 18 electrons
HOW DOES ATOMS STRUCTURE DETERMINE HOW IT REACTS??
CONCEPT :CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ARE BASED ON STRUCTURE OF ATOMS
I energy level :2 electronsII energy level: 8 electronsIII energy level : 18 electrons
ATOM SONG! 3.21 MIN
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5iaw5WNuB0
CONCEPT :CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ARE BASED ON STRUCTURE OF ATOMS
Element/ isotope
Atomic Number
Protons Neutrons Total electrons (same number ofprotons+)
Electrons in the highest level
12C 6
14C
14N 7
16O 8
P 15 15
S 16 16
Just howsmall is an atom?? http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I DOGS TEACHING CHEMSITRY http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=addK0b2Isw8