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During my College Student Development course we were assigned to learn about a particular theory of our choosing to then teach the class. I chose to learn about Baxter Magolda's Epistemology Reflection.
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Baxter Magolda’s Epistemology ReflectionPresented by: Brandi Hoffman
Marcia Baxter Magolda• 1974 B.A Capital University
▫Major Psychology▫Minor Sociology
• 1976 M.A. The Ohio State University▫College Student Personnel/ Higher Education
• 1983 Ph. D. The Ohio State University▫College Student Personnel/ Higher Education
• Distinguished Professor, Educational Leadership, Miami University of Ohio Teaching and advising in the Student Affairs in Higher
Education graduate program
The Theory•Epistemology Reflection•5 year longitudinal study at Miami
University of Ohio•Interview based
▫101 students: 51 women, 50 male, 3 underrepresented groups 70 students participated for the full 5 years:
2 from underrepresented groups
The Four Stages•First Stage: Absolute Knowing
•Second Stage: Transitional Knowing
•Third Stage: Independent Knowing
•Fourth & Final Stage: Contextual Knowing
Absolute Knowing•Knowledge is certain and comes from
authorities•Focus is on the acquisition or achievement
of knowledge•Evaluation- reproduction of knowledge to
determine accuracy.
Two PatternsReceiving Mastering
• Listening and recording knowledge to learn
• Students desire participation in class, showing instructor interest and actively “mastering” material
Transitional Knowing•Movement into by understanding
authority can be unreliable•Acceptance that some knowledge is
uncertain•Focus is on understanding and processing
knowledge
Two PatternsInterpersonal Impersonal
•Attempting to connect to the subject, sharing views and linking one’s perspectives with that of others. Especially within uncertainty.
•Focus more on their own perspectives and defending their opinions. More likely to separate self from others and the subject matter.
Independent Knowing•Knowledge is viewed as mostly uncertain•Thinking for yourself and creating
individualized truths•Establishing and understanding
subjective points of view
Two PatternsInter-individual Individual
• Places value on one’s own ideas as well as the ideas of others
•More attention given to the individual’s own thinking
Contextual Knowing •Identifying criteria in which to make
choices•Knowledge exists in a context and is
judged on evidence compared to the context
Strengths and Criticisms Strengths Criticisms• Guided interviews allowed
key influence discussion with students sharing experiences and the meaning they made
• Applications within higher education
• On going study- lead to the development of her Self-Authorship theory
• Leaned toward testing theories of Perry and Belenky in beginning of research study
• Students of color represented only 3% of population
• Frame of the study as a study about learning
Interesting Information•Learning in the Whole House.
▫Keynote address, Kent State University October, 2009
•Dr. Baxter Magolda teaches student development theory
References Baxter Magolda, M. (2004). Evolution of a Constuctivist Conceptualization
of Epistemology Reflection. Retrieved from http://citl.indiana.edu/files/pdf/baxter_1.pdf
Evans, N.J., Forney, D.S., Guido, F.M., Patton, L.D., & Renn, K.A. (2010). Student development in college: Theory, research, and practice. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Baxter Magolda, M. Miami University of Ohio Staff Directory. Retrieved from http://www.units.miamioh.edu/eap/edl/documents/facultyCV/BaxterMagolda.pdf