DR.L.N.MOHAPATRAASSOCIATE DITRECTOR OF RESEARCH

REGIONAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER STATIONBHAWANIPATNA

BEE ENEMIES

INSECT ENEMIES: WAX MOTH : Greater wax moth Galleria mellonella

Smaller wax moth Achroia grisella

WASP : Vespa magnifica , V.orientalis V.cincta

ANT (Camponotus sp.)

HAWK MOTH (Acherontia styx)

DRAGON FLY

BEE ENEMIESNON INSECT ENEMIES SPIDER

PSEUDO SCORPION

Ellingsenius sp.

MITE

ECTO PARASITE : Tropillaelaps clareae

: Varroa destructor

ENDO PARASITE : Acarapis woodi

BEE ENEMIES

TOADS SQUIRREL LIZARDS RAT SNAKE BIRD: King crow, wood

peckers, Green bee eater BEAR

Merops sp.

WAX MOTH

MAXIMUM ACTIVITY :rainy season

ECONOMIC LOSS : 5% loss of colony

PREFERENCE : Weaker colony and

old blackened comb

Smaller wax moth

Greater wax moth

NATURE OF DAMAGE OF WAX MOTH

Emerging larvae feed on wax ,pollen , honey in the comb Heavy population of wax moth larvae increases the hive temperature thereby affecting the brood rearing Desertion of hive if 1or 2 frame affected

Management of wax moth

Remove the infested comb and destroy either by burning or digging inside the soil

Unite the weaker colonies Clean the bottom board at fortnight interval Adequate food supply to maintain a strong colony

(sugar feeding) Always maintain healthy comb While staking the super chamber place 1/3rd Tablet

of Aluminium phosphide for every cubic ft or 2-4 table spoon of PDB between every other super in a stack

Spray of B- 401 a formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis @ 1.5 ml / 10cm2

WASP

Activity : May-June, August-September

Serious in hilly area

25% colonies lost every year

Weaker colonies suffers maximum

Active in front of the hive during 11AM to 2PM

Management of wasp

• Destroy the wasp nest either mechanically or by using fumigant like Aluminium phosphide or Calcium cyanide

• Maintain strong colony• Use of wasp trap :

Ripened jack fruit with 2grams of Furadan

• Covering the colony with coconut branches

• Mechanically collect and destroy

ANT

Nature of damage: Take away the honey, pollen, eggs of honey bee from weaker colony

MANAGEMENT : Swab the stand with used mobil Legs of hive placed in cups of water Clean the bottom board at fortnight interval

ENDO PARASITIC MITE

Acarapis woodi : Cause acarine disease Both nymphs and adults feed the haemolymph

from the young worker bee by entering through the spiracles

SYMPTOM Presence of crawler bee in front of hives For wing and hind wing get separated resembling K shaped wing Yellow dropping due to dysentry Distended and shinning abdomen

MANAGEMENT Smoke fumigation with chlorobenzilate (FOLBEX) @ one strip /

hive

ECTO PARASITIC MITE

Tropilaelaps clareae

Rust red mite attacking both

brood and adults

Spread through rock bee

SYMPTOM Irregular brood pattern Dead malformed larvae/ pupae / adults

MANAGEMENT : Fumigation with 85% Formic acid @ 5m/ hive/ daily for 21 days

ECTOPARASITIC MITE

Varroa destructor

Pin head size clinging the bee at intersegmental membrane

Symptom:• Presence of perforated brood• Unsealed brood and dead pupae• Dead adults with malformed wing• Presence of large no. dead and live mite on

bottom board• Susceptible to robbingMANAGEMENT; Destruction of infested comb Destruction of unwanted drone brood Fumigation with formic acid (85%) @ 5ml/box for 21days Use of Apistan (Fluvalinate)@ 1strip/box Caging the queen for 21 days Dusting powder sugar/ flour @ 20grams/ 10 frame during

evening

THAI SAC BROOD VIRUS DISEASE

Infected larvae with head protruded upwards

Dead larvae at the bottom of cell

Sac like dead larvaeMilky fluid in the infected larvae

Healthy and diseased larvae Stages of scale formation

Dead larvae ejected out by worker bees

Uncapped and empty cell due to TSBV infection

MANAGEMENT : Destroy all affected frame by burning Maintain strong and vigorous colony Sterilization of all beekeeping equipments with Potassium

permanganate @ 50g/lt of water followed by hot water dipping Fumigation of hive with formic acid(85%) @ 5ml / hive for 21

days to control mite which acts as carrier Caging the queen for 21 days to create broodlessness

conditions Inspect brood comb at regular intervals for any disease

symptom Avoid overcrowding and exchanging of brood from one colony

to another Ensure complete check on robber bees which spread infection

DYSENTRY

SYMPTOMYellow dropping on bottom board with

smell during rainy season Presence of weak dying adults in front of

hiveMANGEMENTfeed the colony with Metron @ 5mg along with honey / sugar solution daily for 3 days / hive