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Part II
Vocabulary
altiplano: high plateau
Vocabulary
mestizo: mixed European & Native American
background
Vocabulary
strait: narrow waterway between two pieces of land
Vocabulary
cash crop: product sold for export
Vocabulary
landlocked: country that doesn’t touch sea
or ocean
Vocabulary villa: slum areas (favela)
Landscape
Located in the tropics, causing hot
temperatures and heavy rainfall
Most of Colombia is covered by tropical
rainforest
The Andes Mountains begin at the
northern edge of the country
Economy
Cash crops: coffee, sugarcane, rice,
cotton
Economy
Illegal Cash Crop: Cocaine
Drug dealers pay farmers more to
grow coca leaves than they can earn
growing coffee.
Dealers have formed their own armies
to protect the farms and to prevent the
government from stopping them.
Coca Leaves
Colombia’s Cocaine
TownsDrug Trafficking in Submarines (1:52)
Bruce Lee 1973 Billy Mays 2009
Chris Farley 1997
Brittany Murphy 2009 Elvis Presley 1977
Jimi Hendrix 1970
River Phoenix 1993Marilyn Monroe 1962 Michael Jackson 2009
Heath Ledger 2008
People & Culture
Official language: Spanish
Nearly all Colombians are mestizos
Large urban population
Uruguay
Mild climate, rolling hilly plains, and rich grasslands
Buffer zone between Argentina and Brazil
Economy depends on sheep and cattle –which outnumber people 10 to 1
70% of Uruguay is pasture-land
Uruguayans have the highest literacy rate, the lowest population growth, the best diet and one of the highest standards of living in South America.
Montevideo
Paraguay
Eastern 1/3 is fertile grasslands
Western 2/3 is the great forest of Gran Chaco
Major economic activities = farming and forestry Grains, cotton, soybeans, and cassava (for
tapioca) grown on small plots
Languages = Spanish (official) and Guarani (more common)
Paraguay also exports electricity - the world’s
largest hydroelectric power generator is the
Iatipu Dam, on the Paraná River
Hydroelectric power: electricity generated by
flowing water
Itaipu Dam :39
Chile Landscape Atacama Desert: driest desert in the world
Formed by the Andes Mountains due to
the rain shadow effect
Cooking in the Atacama 3:26
The Hand of the Desert
Chile Landscape Cape Horn is the Southern most point of
South America. It is approximately 500
miles to the islands off the coast of
Antarctica.
Chile Landscape Easter Island: located in the Pacific
Ocean, and is a territory of Chile
Known for the 887 massive statues
Easter Island
Easter Island
Chile’s People
Most Chileans are mestizos
Major economic activity is
mining
August 5, 2010: 33 Chilean
miners were trapped
underground for 69 days
Bolivia’s Land
Western Bolivia is dominated
by the altiplano
Over 1/3 of Bolivia is a mile or
more high
Effects: very few trees, cold
temperatures, hard to breathe
Salar de Uyuni
Formed by transformations between
a few prehistoric lakes.
The salt is a few meters thick and is
very flat.
It only varies a few meters over the
entire area.
Under the salt layer it contains 50-
70% of the world’s lithium supply.
Salar de Uyuni
Bolivia’s Culture It is 1 of 10 countries in the world that
have 2 capital cities.
Official capital is Sucre.
Administrative capital is La Paz.
Bolivia and Paraguay are the only
landlocked countries in South
America.
La Paz, Bolivia
Argentina’s Land
Andes Mountains are along the Western
side of Argentina
Aconcagua: 22,834 ft.
○ Highest mountain in the Western Hemisphere
Argentina’s Land Iguazu Falls is located on the border
between Brazil and Argentina.
They are a group of 275 separate
waterfalls of South America's Iguazú
River. Fly Over Iguazu Falls! (1:53)
Iguazu Falls
Argentina’s Land
The vast treeless, grassy plain located in the North is the pampas.
It is similar to the Great Plains in the U.S.
Many people farm and raiselivestock there.
Argentina’s Land
Patagonia is a unique place located at the southern tip.
Region is split between Argentina & Chile
Much of the area is dry and windy, receiving very little rain.
Very southern part is covered by an ice cap.
Perito Moreno Glacier is the largest glacier
This glacier is 3 miles wide and about 240 feettall with about 558 feet below sea level.
This ice field is the world's third largest reserve of fresh water.
Perito Moreno
Argentina’s Land
Tierra del Fuego: an archipelago off the southernmost tip of South America.
It is divided between Argentina & Chile.
Strait of Magellan separates it from the mainland. Strait of Magellan (2:15)
Argentina’s Culture Spanish is the official language.
Most citizens are Roman Catholic.
Official national sport is pato, but the
most popular is futbol.
Pato is the Spanish name for duck,
because in early times they used a live
duck in the basket instead of a ball.
Pa
to
Villa 31 in Buenos Aires
• Many people live outside of the big cities in villas
(In Brazil they are called favelas)
• One large villa just outside Buenos Aires is called
Villa 31.
• It is known for high crime.
Any
Questions?
