Challengesindrpostinstallationpresentation

ersenergy&resource

solutions

Challenges in Review Challenges in Review and Postand Post--Installation Inspections Installation Inspections of a Demand Response Programof a Demand Response Program

© 2006 Energy & Resource Solutions, Inc.

prepared and presented by

Mark D’Antonio (ERS)Co-Authors

Chris Smith (NYSERDA)John Seryak, Gary Epstein (ERS)

ACEEE 2006 Summer Study

ers energy & resource solutions© 2006 Energy and Resource Solutions, Inc.

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Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview

BackgroundNYSERDA Peak Load Reduction Program OverviewProcess OverviewReview and Inspection ChallengesCase StudiesLessons Learned


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BackgroundBackground

NYSERDA – New York State Energy and Research Development Authority

Operates the Peak Load Reduction ProgramSummer Peak ReductionEnabling Technologies

Supported by Systems Benefit Charge (SBC) Funding

NYISO - New York Independent Systems Operator Administers Demand Response Programs

Incentivizes Actual Curtailments and Demand Response Actions

NYSERDA Consultants – competitively solicited group of contractors that provide Quality Assurance services for NYSERDA’s program (ERS’ region – NYC)


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NYSERDANYSERDA’’s Peak Load Reduction Programs Peak Load Reduction ProgramPON 955PON 955

Permanent Demand Reduction (PDR)Electric Technologies – Lighting, Chillers, Motors….

Steam Retention (Avoided Electric Load) – Absorption Chillers, Steam Turbine Driveline Chillers

Load Curtailment/Shifting (LC/S)Enabling Controls for Curtailment

Load Shifting

Distributed Generation (DG,DR)Distributed Generation

Demand Response (Generators)

Interval Meters (IM) PSC Approved - Revenue Grade

NYISO Compliant – Shadow Meter


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NYSERDANYSERDA’’s Peak Load Reduction Programs Peak Load Reduction Program

PDR LC/S DG IM

Con EdisonService

Territory

Non-Con

EdisonService

Territory

Con EdisonService

Territory

Non-Con

EdisonService

Territory

Con EdisonService

Territory onlyStatewide

$500/kW Electric

$425/kW Steam Ret

$225/kW $200/kW $45/kW

$120/kW exist DR

$160/kWnew DR$400/kW DG

$1,500/meterNYISO Compliant

$2,000/meterPSC Approved

1. Contractors will be reimbursed the lesser of 65% of the Eligible Project Costs or the incentive caps set forth in Table 1. The Facility owner/operator must contribute no less than 35% of Eligible Project Costs. Facility cap of $750,000. Contractor cap of $2 Million2. Incentive of $100,000 provided to aggregators who provide greater than 10 MW of verified load curtailment in ConEd territory3.Super Efficient Chillers eligible for additional incentives


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Energy Efficiency TechnologiesLighting, Motors, HVAC, VFDs, Industrial Equipment

Energy Management System Load ControlSmart Load Control Systems Metering SystemsDirect Load ControlBackup GenerationDistributed GenerationLoad Shifting Technologies (Thermal Storage)Avoided Load (Steam Drivelines/Chillers)

Enabling Technology OptionsEnabling Technology Options


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Process OverviewProcess Overview

ApplicationNYSERDA Reviews for Program Requirements (in house)

Encumber Funds, Issue PO to Applicant, Assign QA Consultant

Applicant Submits Technical Assessment (TA) to QA ConsultantTA documents analytical basis and equipment details for proposed Demand Reduction

QA Consultant Reviews TATechnical Feasibility and Accuracy

Recommendation to NYSERDA ( Approval, Modified Approval, Disapprove)

NYSERDA Issues Notice to Proceed (for Approved Projects)Installation Post-Installation Inspection by QA ConsultantFinal Approval Sent to NYSERDANYSERDA Processes Incentive


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QA Consultant RoleQA Consultant Role

General GuidanceRespond to Applicant Questions About the Process

Technical Review of TAPre - Installation Site Visit (Optional)

Screen TA for Completeness

Analytical Review – Technical Content, Feasibility, Accuracy, Cost

Work with Applicant for Modifications

Approval RecommendationPost-Installation Inspection

Verification of Equipment Actually Installed – qty, make/model, details, photos

Operability and Sequence of Operation – demonstrated performance

Final Approval


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Example ProjectsExample Projects

PDR - LightingCommercial Retail - T12 to T8 Conversion, Incandescent to CFLs, Delamping.

1,700 kW Peak Load, 26 kW Permanent Reduction, Approved Incentive = $12,250

LC/S – EMS Load SheddingCommercial Retail - HVAC Fan & Pump Control (VFDs)

8 MW Peak Load, 575 kW Load Curtailment, Approved Incentive = $103,500

PDR – Steam RetentionCommercial Office Building – Steam Turbine Driveline Replacement

1,424 Peak Load, 649 kW Avoided, Approved Incentive = $308,275


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Example Projects Example Projects -- ContinuedContinued

DG – Gas Fired Micro TurbineRefrigerated Food – Three Natural Gas Micro Turbines

1,400 kW Peak Load, 180 kW DG, Approved Incentive = $49,500

DR – Diesel GeneratorFood Manufacturing – Diesel Back Up/Demand Response Generator

1,300 kW Peak, 259 kW in DR, Approved Incentive = $32, 375

PDR – HVAC ModificationsCommercial Office High Rise – Install Premium Efficiency Motors and VFDs on SAF,RAF and CT Fans

8,500 kW Peak, 329 kW in DR, Approved Incentive = $156,275


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ChallengesChallenges

GeneralMany Players – Applicant, Building Owner, Building Operator, Contractor (TA developer), CSP, NYISO, ConEd, Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC)

Often Chasing Information

Unethical Practices?

Overly Aggressive ReductionsUnscrupulous Business Practices


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Challenges Challenges -- ContinuedContinued

AnalyticalNumerous Technologies – EE, Controls, DG, Generators, Meters

Proprietary Information? (Obtaining Performance Data, Custom Spreadsheets - QA Consultant viewed as a competitor that will gain competitive advantage)

Inadequate Information in TA’s

Lack of Analytical Capabilities of Project Developers

InspectionAccess Issues (Inaccessible locations, Inaccessible Equipment, Inaccessible People)

Incomplete Projects – “Well it is almost done - perhaps I could get my incentive…..”

Unwilling to Demonstrate Operation (ex: transfer Building Load to DR Generators)


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Challenges Challenges –– More SpecificallyMore Specifically

Verifying Large Lighting ProjectsRestricted Access – locked rooms

Sampling

Establishing Load ProfilesModeling vs. Logs vs. Monitoring

VFDs – now for Curtailment only (PON 955)

DR GeneratorsFacility Owner wants NYSERDA $, but often doesn’t understand NYISO – Vendor just wants to sell generator – Need CSP coordination

Permitting Documentation can be delayed

NYISO Registration Confirmation

Verification of Load Transfer (Interval Data)

Distributed GenerationEstablishing Actual Operational Parameters (Run-time, Loading)


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Case Study Case Study –– 1585 Broadway1585 Broadway

•Morgan Stanley

•42 Floors – 1.4 Million SF

•8,500 MW Peak Load

•VFDs on Variable Pitch SAF, RAF

•PE Motors and VFDs on CT Fans

•Property Mgt – Applicant

•Technical Contractor – develop TA

•Installation Contractor(s)

•Separate Controls Contractor


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•Proprietary Analysis

•Did Not Install PE Motors

•Communications Issues – not all VFDs working (finger pointing)

•Control Algorithms Somewhat Different than Proposed

•Modified “Final” Approval

•2nd Site Inspection Requested by Applicant After Recalibration

•EMS Trending

•Modified “Final Final” Approval

Case Study Case Study –– ChallengesChallenges


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Lessons LearnedLessons Learned

Communicate, Communicate, CommunicateAssume Nothing

Explain Everything

Involve All StakeholdersMake Sure all Parties are Clear on Process, Deliverables and Requirements

Document Correspondences and Keep All Parties Informed

Program Managers as MediatorsClarifying Program Decisions are Needed Occasionally from NYSERDA Program Managers

Diligent (but respectful) Scrutiny is RequiredVerification – Did the right stuff get installed?

Ethical Practice


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Further InformationFurther Information

PON 955 - On Web Downloadable at:www.nyserda.org/funding

NYSERDA: 1-866-NYSERDA (697-3732)Chris Smith ext 3360

Energy & Resource Solutions (ERS)Mark D’Antonio 212-789-8182 ext 251


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Questions?Questions?


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Intentionally Left Blank


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Direct Load ControlDirect Load Control

Traditionally Focused on Residential SectorDHW, Pool Pumps, AC

Many New Approaches for C&I SectorCentral Control of Multi-Facility Customers

Remote EMS Control of Sites with Pre-programmed curtailment strategies

Programmable, Direct Load Control ThermostatsDirect Load Control Switches: AC, Electric Heat, Etc.

21 locations (1 MW)

36 locations(4.4MW)

16 locations (0.8 MW)


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Distributed Generation TechnologiesDistributed Generation Technologies

Backup Generation SystemsAssessment of Load Applicability During Curtailment is Critical

Environmental Requirements are Similarly Critical

Diesel GeneratorsSteam Turbine DGMicroTurbine SystemsRenewable Technologies

Fuel Cells

Photovoltaics


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Local Scheduling ControllersTypically Address HVAC and LightingMany Energy Management Systems have Demand Control Features

Programmed Scheduling

Demand Limiting

Duty Cycling

Generally, EMS Systems Schedule (Turn Off) Predetermined Groups of EquipmentChallenges or Limitations

Demand Control Can Conflict with Control Rules

Rules Based Logic Can Limit Certain Demand Control Effectiveness

Central and Focused Energy Management Systems Central and Focused Energy Management Systems for Demand Controlfor Demand Control


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Systems are Dedicated to Demand ControlDo Not Have Standard BAS or EMS Functionality

Continually Monitor Facility kWSingle or Multiple Meters

Smart Algorithm Continually Forecasts Average kW During Specified Period (e.g.: 15 or 30 minute period)Smart Duty Cycling Routine is Used to Modulate or Turn Off End Use Equipment to Avoid Reaching Threshold kW LevelsNeural Net (AI) - Smart Building Automation System that Progressively Learns Best Operation of Building Systems

Smart Demand Control with kW ForecastingSmart Demand Control with kW Forecasting


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kW Impacts with Lighting Efficiency Technologies and Occupancy SensorsScheduling with Lighting Control PanelsDirect Addressable Lighting Systems (DALI, etc.)

Multi-Level and Continuous Dimming Systems

Load Shedding Ballasts

Power Reducing or Current Limiting Devices ???

Demand Control with Lighting TechnologiesDemand Control with Lighting Technologies


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Load ShiftingThermal Storage

Off-Peak Operations for Industrial Facilities

Fuel Switching TechnologiesAbsorption Chillers

Steam Turbine Chillers

Engine-Driven Chillers

Engine-Driven Compressors

Load Shifting/Fuel Switching TechnologiesLoad Shifting/Fuel Switching Technologies

Education

Challengesindrpostinstallationpresentation