An Era of ExplorationChapter 3.1

The Impact of Columbus

Gave hope for riches in a new landTrade began between East and West

Other Spanish ExplorersBalboa- crossed PacificMagellan- circumnavigated the globe

Other Spanish Explorers

DeSoto- FL to the MS River

Coronado-Arizona & New Mexico

Spain Builds an EmpireChapter 3.2

Spanish Conquistadors

Cortes defeated the Aztecs

they wrongly trusted him

they caught deadly diseases from his crew.

Pizarro defeated the Incas because of too much fighting between themselves.

Settling “New Spain”

3 Kinds of settlementsPueblosPresidiosMissions

4 Social ClassesPeninsularesCreolesMestizosIndians

Spanish gov’t gave land grants (encomiendas) to settlers.

They demanded hard labor from the Natives.

A priest named Bartolome de las Casas spoke up about mistreatment of the natives.

In his attempt to help them, he turned colonists toward Africa for labor.

Africans were brought over as slaves on plantations on sugar plantations in the Caribbean and Brazil.

Colonizing North AmericaChapter 3.3

Northwest Passage

A direct water route to Asia was not found, so Europeans began to find ways to profit from the natural resources of America.

Religious Rivalries

In 1517 Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation.

Religious Rivalries

Spanish and French monarchs remained Catholic, while English and Dutch monarchs were Protestant.

Religious Rivalries

In the 1530’s England and others set an established church, persecuting those who did not follow. (section 5)

New France

Samuel de Champlain set up a trading post at Quebec.

New France

France profited from fishing, trapping, and trading.

New France

Coureurs de bois were excellent trappers and traders, not settlers.

New NetherlandThe Dutch settled along the Hudson River.New Amsterdam became New York much later.

Furry Problem

Dutch and French created alliances with Indian groups to compete for control of fur trade.

Building the Jamestown ColonyChapter 3.4

Jamestown 1607

Seemed doomed at 1st… settlers were more interested in getting gold than growing crops.

Jamestown 1607

By 1619, tobacco had become profitable. Women & Africans were sent to Jamestown.

Jamestown 1607

The settlers began tradition of representative gov’t (House of Burgesses).

Seeking Religious FreedomChapter 3.5

Pilgrims wanted to separate from the Church of England, & they came to America on the Mayflower.

They set a precedent for religious freedom in our country.

They signed the Mayflower Compact to set up a gov’t with laws that would be for the good of the colony.

Problems/Help in Plymouth

They arrived too late in the season to plant.

Squanto and other natives helped the Pilgrims to plant and hunt native species.