CLASSIFICATION

with Holt and UnitedStreaming

Classification

Classification is: the grouping of organisms by similar characteristics

Taxonomy: the science of classification

We use a Dichotomous Key which consists of several pairs of descriptive statements where only one will apply to the unknown organism

Who did it and how?

Carl Linnaeus (1700): this scientist classified things by form and structure

He gave organisms a genus and species name (binomial nomenclature)

Latin: the language commonly used for classification

Because it does not change and can be used worldwide

What order is that?

Binomial Nomenclature examined Species: a group of organisms that can

produce viable offspring (viable means it can have its own offspring)

Genus: a group of different species that are similar

Felis catus (household cat)

Binomial Nomenclature

Six kingdoms

• Two prokaryotic kingdoms:1. Archaebacteria2. Eubacteria

• Four Eukaryotic kingdoms:1. Protist2. Plantae3. Fungi4. Animalia

Kingdoms, in depth

Both are Unicellular with No Nucleus (Prokaryotes)

Archaebacteria can live where most organisms could not survive (deep ocean vents, hot spring)

Eubacteria make up most of the other kinds of bacteria on earth.

Example: E. coli, Hot springs algae

Archeabacteria & Eubateria

Protists

A. Unicellular (one celled) and multi-cellular eukaryotic

B. have a nucleusC. autotrophs and

heterotrophs

Example: euglena, paramecium, slime molds

Fungi

A. unicellular and multicellular

B. Heterotroph (obtains energy from other source)

Example: mushrooms, yeasts, molds

Animals

A. multicellular but no cell wallB. heterotrophs- does not make own foodC. have tissues, organs, organ systemsD. Most move

Plants

A. multicellular or unicellular eukaryotic with a cell wall

B. have a nucleusC. autotrophs- makes own

food (photosynthesis)

Example: sequoia, flowers

Do you know plants?

The Plant Kingdom: A quick overview

Plants Plants are

multicellular Plants make their

own food (autotrophs)

There are lots of examples!

2 main groups Plants are either

vascular or nonvascular

Vascular tissue is like tubes that carry water through the plant

Nonvascular plants Have no pipes to

transport water They rely on

diffusion and osmosis

Have no true stems, roots or leaves

They are small

nonvascular Examples are

mosses and liverworts

Vascular plants Have tissues or

pipes to transport water

Have stems, roots and leaves

2 categories There are 2 types

of vascular plants, those that have seeds and those that have no seeds

Seedless vascular plants Examples are ferns,

club mosses and horsetails.

                            

  

Vascular plant with seeds The vascular plants

with seeds are divided into 2 categories:

Nonflowering

Flowering

Nonflowering seeded plants

Called gymnosperms

Examples are conifers (trees that produce cones) and ginko trees

Flowering seeded plants Called

angiosperms Examples are corn,

tulips, water lillies, peach trees, magnolia trees, grass, palm trees, cactus, cotton plants and much more!

Angiosperms

How can I learn more? More information on all of these plants

can be found in your book in Chapter 12, pages 270-283.

Now, let’s see what you remember…

What are the 2 main groups of plants?

Answer:Vascular and Nonvascular

Which of these two groups includes plants that are large and have pipes to carry water?

Answer: Vascular

Is a moss vascular or nonvascular?

Answer: Mosses are nonvascular

What are the 2 main

groups of vascular plants?

Answer: gymnosperms and angiosperms

Are pine trees gymnosperms or angiosperms?

G: nonflowering

A: flowering

Answer: Pine trees are gymnosperms.

Which one is not an angiosperm?

Water lily

Tomato plant

Cactus

Fern

Palm tree

Corn

Tulip

Answer: Only the fern is seedless and nonflowering.

Plants: We can’t survive without them!

6 correct: you’re an expert!

4-5: You are knowledgeable about plants.

3: You are learning…

1-2: Study up!

0: Shame on you!