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Cloud Computing:A General Introduction
Ravindra Dastikop
Cloud Complete
Source: http://howtogeek.com
Cloud Computing
Cloud Applications
Cloud Computing: Simplified Cloud computing is a model of delivering computing
resources from the Internet to the user.
Computing resources:Software- Applications, OS, service
Hardware ( processors, servers, memory, cards)information - encyclopedia, search engine
Usercomputer connected to the net
mobile userConnected TV
Cloud service - An example
when you get connected to service like Gmail, Hotmail etc - you are really connecting to a massive pools of servers somewhere out there on the internet
Source: http://howtogeek.com
Why is it called Cloud Computing ?
Because in network diagrams, the Internet is depicted as a cloud
Source: http://howtogeek.com
Why is it called cloud ?
Cloud Resources
Technical Definition
Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient,
● on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services)
●that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.
Traditional Vs Cloud
Source: http://howtogeek.com
Traditional Business
Cloud based Business
Cloud from User Perspective
User
How will it help User (me & u) ?
● Cloud will emerge as a major source of all our computing resources
● IE 9 and Chrome OS- an operating system built around a web browser
Source: http://howtogeek.com
Evolution ofCloud Computing
How did we arrive here?
EvolutionMainframe
●First phase -
Evolution Personal Computing
●Second phase
Stages in ComputingClient-server computing
●Third phase -
Stages in ComputingClient server–web
application ●Fourth phase -
Stages in ComputingGrid Computing
●Fifth phase -
Computers come under different administrative domains
Grid
Stages in Computing Cloud Computing
●Sixth phase -
Cloud Computing Service models
What can cloud deliver ?
Using Clouds
Cloud Computing Service Models
●Utility Computing (Iaas)●Platform as a Service (Paas)●Cloud-based end user
applications(SaaS)
Service Models- An Analogy
Suppose u have moved to new town and want to find a
accommodation for yourself?
What are u options ?
Build a New house ( IaaS)
Difficult, time consuming
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
●Vendor provides ○ VM, ○Storage and ○Computations
●Target:
○Developers and ISV ●Examples
○Amazon ○Smugmug- a paid digital photo sharing service
Renting/buy a House (PaaS)
Rent or buy a house
Furnishing is u r freedom
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
●Vendor provides higher level API○ hides machines, storage etc
●Target: Developers and SME ●Vendors: Force.com, Google AppEngine
Stay in a Hotel (SaaS)
Software as a Service ( SaaS)
Business software delivered through cloud
Target: SME & Enterprise
Vendors: Google, Microsoft, Salesforce
MS word, Docs, spreadsheets, CRM
Questions?
send u r questions
Types of Clouds
( Deployment Models)
Types by visibility:
Cloud Deployment Models
Cloud Computing
Concepts
Concept of cloud computing
●A concept is an instrument and a history, that is a bundle of possibilities and obstacles involved in the world as experienced – quote G S Granger
● Instrument - Using net as the source of computing resources and delivering them directly to the user
●Bundle of possibilities○SAAS, IAAS
●History – Grid Computing, Distributed computing ●Obstacles - security, connectivity
Idea of Utilitywater, electricity , petrol ...
Conceptual Foundations
● Cloud computing concept has been derived from the Utility computing model.○ The Best example Utility computing ( Packaged,
metered) model would be the electricity supply system and another concept which it depends on is the Grid computing model.
○ Cloud computing has been mainly derived from the Mainframes concept.
○ The main feature of cloud computing is the scalability and how it incorporates a part of virtualization.
Concept- Business
●Utility Computing- packaged, metered ●Produce in large supply in retail
○ Water○ Electricity
●Whole buy- retail sale●Build large and massive capacity and
service is in and through individual units/users ○per MB
Paradigm ●Direct to U From the “ net” as
against “on premise” ( DTH)●Direct to user – TV channel subscription●Use without owning- Ramco OnDemand
Cloud ●Rental basis- Google for Enterprises ●Procure as u grow (Gmail start with 7GB
and ask for more ) ●From NIL to FULL
Why cloud Computing is a compelling paradigm
Cloud Computing- Innovations
Advantages
Scalable Architecture
●Scales up to meet Business Goals ●Grids to handle fail-over, backup, disaster
recovery & scalability○Computing grid: for serving user requests○Storage grid : File grid, Database grid○Messaging grid: for real-time updates and chats
Superior Integration
● Integration across SaaS applications is far easy ○CRM integrating spreadsheet and email
●Small web services & aggregation (SOA)
○Evolve each service independently and rapidly ●Contextual integration- application + user's data
and context
Performance
Cloud gives better performance ●Caching
○HTML Page caching○distributed server side object caching○convert dynamic data into pre-computed static
content● For example
○Zoho Sheet ( online spread sheets) can be faster than loading complex Excel documents
Conclusion
●Cloud represents a new found land- migrate as early as possible
●Cloud computing represents a new Trend- embrace it ○It better to go with trend than to fight it○More people learn on web
Cloud computing challenges
Obstacles
Challenges in Cloud Computing
● Number 1. Business Continuity and Service Availability● Number 2. Data Lock-In● Number 3. Data Confidentiality/Auditability● Number 4. Data Transfer Bottlenecks● Number 5. Performance Unpredictability● Number 6: Scalable Storage● Number 7: Bugs in Large-Scale Distributed Systems● Number 8: Scaling Quickly● Number 9: Reputation Fate Sharing● Number 10: Software Licensing
Source:
Cloud security
Security issues fall into two broad categories: ● Security issues faced by cloud providers ● security issues faced by their customers.
References 1Cloud security alliance
Security challenges
●Top Challenges faced by Cloud computing vendors○Physical security, ○network security, ○application security
Simple Theory: Do not Trust any input from the user
○XSS- ( Cross site scripting),○Authenticated URL's○User Switching , ○SQL Injection
Research in Cloud Computing
Multi-tenancy challenges
Research Challenges
Load Balancing
Research Challenge
Wireless access to TV
Research Facilities
Yahoo's Cloud lab at IIT, Mumbai
Research facility
Cloud Labs
Research Lab
Cloud research IIT, Delhi
Educational Uses of Cloud Computing
Web tools for Learning and Teaching
Contact Details
Ravindra Dastikop
email: [email protected]
web site: http://cloudcomplete.blogspot.com
Introduction to Cloud Computing
Cloud Research
Kamesh Pemmaraju heads cloud research at Sand Hill Group and he helps companies—enterprises and technology vendors—accelerate their transition to the cloud. His blog has been recognized in the top 50 bloggers on cloud computing and also in CloudTP's best cloud computing blogs list. He welcomes your comments, opinions, and questions. Drop in a line to [email protected]. For updates on news, views, interviews, webcasts, events, and blog posts, follow me on twitter @kpemmaraju.
References
Cloud Introduction
2
3 Cloud application Architect
4.
Enterprise computing
● Enterprise computing is the application of computers for data processing activities in an organization. The resulting systems are called Information systems(IS).
● Enterprise Computing started with the advent of mainframe computers in the 60's. Over the years with the introduction of new computing devices, enterprise computing paradigm have transformed into new models- changing in scale and ubiquity.○ mainframe○ PCs, client-server models○ Internet - web-based enterprise computing and customer-facing
e-commerce modelsCloud Computing has new potential for revolutionizing enterprise computing once again. This is happening in our Times more
Elements of Cloud Computing
The elements of Cloud computing are1. computing resources packaged as a commodity and made
available directly from the Internet ( UTILITY)2. the ability of the end-user to rapidly provision the resources
they require3. metering - a pricing model that charges the user only for the
actual consumption of resources4. advantage of exploiting of economies of scales by cloud
computing provider
more
Consequences of Cloud Computing
Cloud provider such as Google or Microsoft set up concentration of massive clusters of computing resources- opens up possibilities for large scale data analysis at scales unheard until the advent of cloud computing.This new challenge has resulted in the development of new programming models and development tools to enable large scale computations and development productivity ask mayur More..
Notes and Extra
Engineering Perspective
Academic and research challenges
Cloud Applications
●Application is a code that does one or more specific task○ Payroll application,
●Cloud resources can be used to develop any traditional application and more ○ GAE, Azure AWS
●and such application can be hosted on the cloud●http://appspot.com
○ Cloud-LMS○ CBTS
Opportunities
●Opportunity is a means through which you realize your goal
●Goal may be personal or professional or organizational○Personal opportunities- student / faculty ○Professional opportunities – career ( IBM)
●Organizations- producer/consumer ○MS, Indian companies
●For industrial audience
Cloud Leads
Preparing students for careers in Cloud Computing Space
Purpose
●Share our experience in encouraging our students in using cloud technologies and carrying out cloud-based projects and supplying “ready-to-deploy” workforce
Presentation Outlines
●Why this presentation●What have we done so far●How are we planning to go further●What do we expect from u
Our expectations
●Suggest industry relevant cloud-technologies
●Suggest students projects●Support/mentor our student projects●Internship●Employment for deserving
Purpose
In this presentation , weDescribe our experience introducing cloud
computing domain to our learners (students, faculty)
We list Cloud computing possibilities each with its potential and illustrate with examples
from our experience.
Agenda for Presentation
●Meaning: Cloud computing – What ?●Reasons: Cloud computing – Why●Resources: Cloud computing – Menu●Practice- How to use Cloud resources for
academic and project – examples●Q & A●Summary
Presentation Outline
●Cloud Applications – popular examples●Cloud computing – Business Perspective●Cloud computing- Engineering perspective●Cloud computing- Student projects ●Cloud computing – Career Leads
Cloud for Crowd
●U R ( Most of US) already using it●Example Gmail / Google docs ●No machine avail only Computing
Service Form Computing availed
Gmail/hotmail Email
Google Docs/creately Word processing /presentation
Concept- Business
●Utility Computing●Produce in large supply in retail
○Water○Electricity
●Whole buy- retail sale●Build large and massive capacity and
service is in and through individual units/users
Paradigm
●DTU From the “ net” as against On “on premise”
●Direct to user -
Cloud Applications
●Application is a code that does one or more specific task○Payroll application,
●Cloud resources can be used to develop any traditional application
Opportunities
●Opportunities is a means through you realize your goal
●Goal may be personal or professional or organizational○Personal opportunities- student / faculty ○Professional opportunities – career
●Organizations- producer/consumer
Models
●SAAS●IAAS●PAAS●
Conclusion
●Cloud computing represents a new Trend.●It better to go with trend than to fight it
○More people learn on web
Cloud Leads
Preparing students for careers in Cloud Computing Space
Purpose
●Share our experience in encouraging our students in using cloud technologies and carrying out cloud-based projects and supplying “ready-to-deploy” workforce
Presentation Outlines
●Why this presentation●What have we done so far●How are we planning to go further●What do we expect from u
Our expectations
●Suggest industry relevant cloud-technologies
●Suggest students projects●Support/mentor our student projects●Internship●Employment for deserving
Purpose
●Cloud computing represents a new opportunity is all. Here we present a general introduction to the world of cloud computing especially from student perspective
Concept● Utility Computing
● Produce in large supply in retail○ Water○ Electricity
Source: How stuff works
Paradigm
●From the net●On “on premise”●
http://infreemation.net/cloud-computing-linear-utility-or-complex-ecosystem/
Source
Conceptual View of Cloud Computing
Picture credit Wikipedia
Cloud Computing - Features
● Reliable● Virtualization● Elasticity ●
Source
Cloud Computing - TYPES
● IAAS● PAAS● SaaS●
Cloud Computing- MODES
Private cloudPublic CloudHybrid cloud
Cloud Computing- Locality
● Local● remote● distributed
Cloud computing - stake holders
● Providers- Amazon, MS, ● Resellers● Adopters● Users
Students and Start ups
Cloud Computing - Players
Pros and Cons
Cloud Computing- Compares
● SOA● Internet services● GRID
Cloud Computing - Benefits
● Cost reductions● Ease of use
Cloud Applications
●Application is a code that does one or more specific task○Payroll application,
●Cloud resources can be used to develop any traditional application
Opportunities
●Opportunities is means through you realize your goal
●Goal may be personal or professional or organizational
●Personal opportunities- student/faculty ●Professional opportunities – career●Organizations- producer/consumer
Models
●SAAS●IAAS●PAAS●
Conclusion
●Cloud computing represents a new Trend.●It better to go with trend than to fight it
○More people learn on web
