Communicative approach

Copyright Linguaprof

2010

Communicative approach

Techniques& activities for communicative language

teaching


2010

“It’s raining.” I’m surprised because the sun was

shining ten minutes ago. I’m upset because we were going

to have a picnic. Other…?

The clues are NOT necessarily the verbal ones


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Grammatical competence & Communicative competence Would you open the door? Please to opens door. I want the door to be opened by you. The opening of the door is what I

request. To opening the door for me. Would you mind opening the door?


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Communicative approach/competence “The ability not only to apply the

grammatical rules of a language to form grammatically correct sentences, but also to know when and where to use these sentences and to whom.”

(Jack C. Richards)


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“Although our vocal organs are enough for the mere production of speech sounds, it is hardly an exaggeration to say that we need our entire bodies when we converse.” (John Abercombie)


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How loud we speak How fast we speak How softly we speak Whispered? strident? Eye movement? Appearance


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Verbal and non-verbal aspects of communication should interrelate in a teaching programme


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Attitudes conveyed by Words Intonation Gesture Facial expression Other non verbal means


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Communicative competence includes knowing The rules of conversation (address

forma, taking turns, etc. The vocabulary and grammar of the

language Howe to use and respond to SPEECH

ACTS- language functions: apologize, request, thank, invite, etc.


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Noam Chomsky’s distinction Between “COMPETENCE”

and “PEFORMANCE”

What can it mean?


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Teachers must do more than just supply learners with a number of language structures to manipulate

“Foreign language cripples with all the necessary muscles… but unable to walk alone.” (Rivers, 1972)


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Difference between USE and USAGE

Skill getting & Skill using (Rivers)


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CLT means both Spoken Written language


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Functions of the language Instrumental function- to get things Regulatory function- to control others’

behaviour Interactional function Personal function- to express

feelings… Heuristic function- to learn and

discover


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Functions of the language Imaginative function- to create a

world of imagination Representational function- to

communicate information


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4 dimensions of communicational competence Grammatical Sociolinguistic Discourse- meaning between the

lines Strategic


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video Youtube


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Theory of learningFocus on… activities that involve real

communication- these promote learning

activities which are used to carry out meaningful tasks

language that is meaningful to he learner


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Activities should be selected if.. …they engage the learners in

meaningful and authentic language use


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The syllabus should concentrate on Notions an adult might use Functions an adult might need Situations an adult might face

when using the foreign language


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Syllabuses Skill based syllabus ( the 4 skills)-

integrated skills! Functional syllabus Notional syllabus (that you need,

ESP) Task syllabus


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Activities are OK as long as they… Reach the communicative

objectives Engage learners in communication Require the use of communicative

processes


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Learner centred activities& materials …which are AUTHENTIC


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Teaching students …to TAKE RISKS


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Accuracy vs. Fluency Teaching communicative

competence means a reassessment of our attitude towards error

Allowing mistakes? To what extent? Of what kind?


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Making mistakes… …is a necessary part of a learner’s

progress towards mastery of the language


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Roles of teacher Facilitator, enabler, involver Independent participant Organizer, source of resources


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How to correct? “Hot correction” Keeping a note Repeating what they said Recording the activity etc.


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Which of the following statements characterize CLT? People learn language best when using

it do things rather than studying how language works

Grammar is no longer important in language teaching

People learn a language through communicating in it

Errors are not important in speaking a language


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CLT is only concerned with teaching speaking

Classroom activities should be meaningful and involve real communication

Dialogues are not used in CLT Both accuracy and fluency are

important goals


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The principles of CLT Make real communication the focus

of language teaching Provide opportunities to experiment

and try out Be tolerant to learners’ errors Develop both fluency and accuracy Link the different skills Let students discover grammar rules


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Communicative language teaching is associated with

Task- based teaching

Education

Communicative approach