DissidenceDissidence

What is that?What is that?

• That means thinking different,not thinking and acting in the spirit of communist ideology.

• The most precise historical usage dates from the late 1960s. • The term "dissident" (in Russian, inakomysliachii for men

or inakomysliachaia for women) was first applied to intellectuals opposing the regime in the Soviet Union. Then, in the late 1970s, it spread to Soviet-dominated East Central and Southeast Europe, which was also known as Eastern Europe.

• Most broadly, a dissident may be defined as an outspoken political and social noncomformist.

First groups fighted against soviet regime were men, who didnt wanted join with soviet army – so called forrest brothers.After deportation 1949 KGB destroyed thouse fighting groups.

When and how it started?When and how it started?

In 1950 students formed groups to collect wepons, spread information and leaflets, to blow up soviet monuments. They called themselves as city brothers (like forrest brothers)

Second wave

Aili Jürgenson .blowed up soviet monument in Tallinn and was arrested in 1946. She was 15 years old.. Vastupanuvõitleja oli tollal 15-aastane õpilane

Work in soviet labour camp 1953.

Soviet labour camp in Norilsk 1956

Camp cemetery in Vorkuta

Camp nr 385/19 in 1960

Third wave

In Estonia dissidence started in about 1968 .

Estonia's dissent was based mainly on the idea of the restoration of Estonia's independence, requiring the completion of the Soviet Union.

We are interviewed three of them:•Enn tarto,•Heikki Ahonen•Lagle Parek

The main dissidence starters in Estonia

Enn Tarto

• Born in 25.september 1938.• Is Estonian politician• Was one of the most active fighters for Estonia's

independence• was a leading dissident during the Soviet

occupation of Estonia• On November 4, 1956 Enn Tarto and other

members of the Estonian Youth Brigade (Eesti Noorte Malev) distributed leaflets in support of Hungarian Revolution, 1956.

• He was imprisoned from 1956 to 1960, 1962 to 1967, and again from 1983 to 1988 for anti-Soviet activity.

• For his action, Enn Tarto has been awarded of the Officer Cross of the Merit Order of the Hungarian Republic

Heikki Ahonen

Born in 3.september 1956 ,Pärnu Was dissident Was a freedom fighter Soviet Republic of Estonia . The first director of the Museum of Occupations. 23.august took place Hirveparks’s meeting,he was one of the

chiefs there.

Lagle Parek Born in 17.april 1941,Pärnu Was a founding member of the Estonian National Independence union,

chairman in 1988 and 1988-1992. Was a member of Estonian congress Now she is president of society Caritas

Arvo Pesti, Lagle Parek and Heiki Ahonen in February 1987. a after release from prison.

Meeting in Hirvepark 1987 against Nazy-Soviet Pact