Lesson 4

Earthquake

earthquake / rθ·kwe kɜ ɪ /

Earthquake

Earthquake

Earthquake

Earthquake

Earthquake

Earthquake

Earthquake

earthquake / rθ·kwe kɜ ɪ /Informal: quakenoun Ca sudden, violent movement of the earth’s surface,

often causing damage and sometimes deaths زلزله

survive /s rə ˈv vɑɪ /verb I/T

survive /s rə ˈv vɑɪ /verb I/T to continue to live or to exist, esp. after a

dangerous event

survive /s rə ˈv vɑɪ /verb I/T to continue to live or to exist, esp. after a

dangerous event The baby was born with a defective heart

and survived for only a few hours.

survive /s rə ˈv vɑɪ /verb I/T to continue to live or to exist, esp. after a

dangerous event The baby was born with a defective heart

and survived for only a few hours. The building survived the earthquake with

little damage.

survive /s rə ˈv vɑɪ /verb I/T to continue to live or to exist, esp. after a

dangerous event The baby was born with a defective heart

and survived for only a few hours. The building survived the earthquake with

little damage. ماندن زنده

Word formationsurvive /s rə ˈv v/ ɑɪ verb I/T survival /s rə ˈv ·v l/ ɑɪ ə noun U Doctors told my wife I had a 50/50 chance of

survival. survivor /s rə ˈv ·v r/ ɑɪ ə noun C =بازمانده a Holocaust survivor He was the sole survivor of the crash . person who continues to live after a close

relative dies: Her survivors include two children and five grandchildren.

experience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ənoun C/U

experience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ənoun C/U knowledge or skill that is obtained from doing sth

experience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ənoun C/U knowledge or skill that is obtained from doing sth Do you have any experience working with

children?

experience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ənoun C/U knowledge or skill that is obtained from doing sth Do you have any experience working with

children? I know from experience that it can get quite cold

in Maine this time of year.

experience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ənoun C/U knowledge or skill that is obtained from doing sth Do you have any experience working with

children? I know from experience that it can get quite cold

in Maine this time of year. دانش ، آگاهی ، تجربه

experience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ənoun C/U knowledge or skill that is obtained from doing sth Do you have any experience working with

children? I know from experience that it can get quite cold

in Maine this time of year. دانش ، آگاهی ، تجربهexperience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ ə verb T

experience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ənoun C/U knowledge or skill that is obtained from doing sth Do you have any experience working with

children? I know from experience that it can get quite cold

in Maine this time of year. دانش ، آگاهی ، تجربهexperience / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· ns/ ə verb T experienced / kɪ ˈsp r·iɪ ː· nst/ ə adjective

predict /prɪˈd ktɪ /verb

predict /prɪˈd ktɪ /verb to say that an event or action will happen in the future

predict /prɪˈd ktɪ /verb to say that an event or action will happen in the future Scientists can predict the exact time of an eclipse.

predict /prɪˈd ktɪ /verb to say that an event or action will happen in the future Scientists can predict the exact time of an eclipse. Who could have predicted that she would win the game?

predict /prɪˈd ktɪ /verb to say that an event or action will happen in the future Scientists can predict the exact time of an eclipse. Who could have predicted that she would win the game? The storm is predicted to reach the Florida coast tomorrow

morning.

predict /prɪˈd ktɪ /verb to say that an event or action will happen in the future Scientists can predict the exact time of an eclipse. Who could have predicted that she would win the game? The storm is predicted to reach the Florida coast tomorrow

morning. No one can predict when the disease will strike again.

predict /prɪˈd ktɪ /verb to say that an event or action will happen in the future Scientists can predict the exact time of an eclipse. Who could have predicted that she would win the game? The storm is predicted to reach the Florida coast tomorrow

morning. No one can predict when the disease will strike again. کردن بینی پیش

Word formationpredict /prɪˈd kt/ ɪ verb predictable /prɪˈd k·t ·b l/ ɪ ə ə adjective Sth that is expected predictably /prɪˈd k·t ·bli/ ɪ ə adverb predictabil i ty /prɪˌd k·tɪ əˈb l· t·i/ ɪ ə ̬ noun U prediction /prɪˈd k· n/ ɪ ʃə noun C/U C We are not yet able to make accurate predictions about

earthquakes.

Earth’s layers

Earth’s layer

Earth’s layer

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ə

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ə

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ə

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ə

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ə

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ənoun C / verb T

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ənoun C / verb T a thin sheet of a substance on top of a

surface,

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ənoun C / verb T a thin sheet of a substance on top of a

surface, We put on two layers of paint.

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ənoun C / verb T a thin sheet of a substance on top of a

surface, We put on two layers of paint. The road was built up with layers of crushed

stone and asphalt.

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ənoun C / verb T a thin sheet of a substance on top of a

surface, We put on two layers of paint. The road was built up with layers of crushed

stone and asphalt. to arrange something in layers

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ənoun C / verb T a thin sheet of a substance on top of a

surface, We put on two layers of paint. The road was built up with layers of crushed

stone and asphalt. to arrange something in layers Layer the pasta with slices of tomato.

layer /ˈle · r/ ɪ ənoun C / verb T a thin sheet of a substance on top of a

surface, We put on two layers of paint. The road was built up with layers of crushed

stone and asphalt. to arrange something in layers Layer the pasta with slices of tomato.لیه

crust /kr stʌ /

crust /kr stʌ /

crust /kr stʌ /

SKIN AND CRUST

crust /kr stʌ /noun C/U

crust /kr stʌ /noun C/U 1- a hard, outer covering of sth

crust /kr stʌ /noun C/U 1- a hard, outer covering of sth2- outer layer of earth

crust /kr stʌ /noun C/U 1- a hard, outer covering of sth2- outer layer of earth پوسته

crust /kr stʌ /noun C/U 1- a hard, outer covering of sth2- outer layer of earth پوسته See picture: crust, mantle, and core

crust /kr stʌ /noun C/U 1- a hard, outer covering of sth2- outer layer of earth پوسته See picture: crust, mantle, and core crusty /ˈkr s·ti/ ʌ adjective

crust /kr stʌ /noun C/U 1- a hard, outer covering of sth2- outer layer of earth پوسته See picture: crust, mantle, and core crusty /ˈkr s·ti/ ʌ adjective fresh, crusty bread

mantle /ˈmænt· l/ ə

mantle /ˈmænt· l/ ə

mantle /ˈmænt· l/ ə

Earth’s layers

mantle /ˈmænt· l/ ənoun U earth science

mantle /ˈmænt· l/ ənoun U earth science the part of the earth that is below the surface

and that surrounds the smaller part in the center

mantle /ˈmænt· l/ ənoun U earth science the part of the earth that is below the surface

and that surrounds the smaller part in the center

See picture: crust, mantle, and core

mantle /ˈmænt· l/ ənoun U earth science the part of the earth that is below the surface

and that surrounds the smaller part in the center

See picture: crust, mantle, and core جبه ، گوشته

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊ

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊ

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊ

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊ

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊ

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊ

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊnoun C

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊnoun C 1- the center or most important part of

something

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊnoun C 1- the center or most important part of

something 2- earth science The core of the earth is its

center, made up of a liquid inner core and a solid outer core.

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊnoun C 1- the center or most important part of

something 2- earth science The core of the earth is its

center, made up of a liquid inner core and a solid outer core.

See picture: crust, mantle, and core

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊnoun C 1- the center or most important part of

something 2- earth science The core of the earth is its

center, made up of a liquid inner core and a solid outer core.

See picture: crust, mantle, and core core /ko r/ ʊ adjective not gradable

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊnoun C 1- the center or most important part of

something 2- earth science The core of the earth is its

center, made up of a liquid inner core and a solid outer core.

See picture: crust, mantle, and core core /ko r/ ʊ adjective not gradable central; basic

core /kɔːr, ko r/ ʊnoun C 1- the center or most important part of

something 2- earth science The core of the earth is its

center, made up of a liquid inner core and a solid outer core.

See picture: crust, mantle, and core core /ko r/ ʊ adjective not gradable central; basicهسته ، مرکز ، قسمت مهم

skin /skɪn/

skin /skɪn/

skin /skɪn/

skin /skɪn/ noun C/U the natural outer layer that covers a person or animal the outer covering of some fruits and vegetables He had dark, leathery skin. potato skinsپوست verb T -nn- to remove skin from an animal, or to rub skin off a part of

the body = پوست کندن

Thin /θ n/ ɪadjective -er/-est only -nn-

Thin /θ n/ ɪadjective -er/-est only -nn- having a small distance from the top to the

bottom side

Thin /θ n/ ɪadjective -er/-est only -nn- having a small distance from the top to the

bottom side thin summer clothing

Thin /θ n/ ɪadjective -er/-est only -nn- having a small distance from the top to the

bottom side thin summer clothing The statue is coated with a thin layer of gold.

Thin /θ n/ ɪadjective -er/-est only -nn- having a small distance from the top to the

bottom side thin summer clothing The statue is coated with a thin layer of gold. thinly /ˈθ n·li/ ɪ thin adverb

Thin /θ n/ ɪadjective -er/-est only -nn- having a small distance from the top to the

bottom side thin summer clothing The statue is coated with a thin layer of gold. thinly /ˈθ n·li/ ɪ thin adverb Thinly sliced cheese is good for sandwiches.

Thin /θ n/ ɪadjective -er/-est only -nn- having a small distance from the top to the

bottom side thin summer clothing The statue is coated with a thin layer of gold. thinly /ˈθ n·li/ ɪ thin adverb Thinly sliced cheese is good for sandwiches.≠ thick = ضخیم

Thin /θ n/ ɪadjective -er/-est only -nn- having a small distance from the top to the

bottom side thin summer clothing The statue is coated with a thin layer of gold. thinly /ˈθ n·li/ ɪ thin adverb Thinly sliced cheese is good for sandwiches.≠ thick = ضخیم نازک

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /verb T

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /verb T to examine or look for the differences

between persons or things

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /verb T to examine or look for the differences

between persons or things to consider or suggest that something is

similar or equal to something else

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /verb T to examine or look for the differences

between persons or things to consider or suggest that something is

similar or equal to something else This store’s prices are high compared to what

some other stores charge.

compare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær /verb T to examine or look for the differences

between persons or things to consider or suggest that something is

similar or equal to something else This store’s prices are high compared to what

some other stores charge. مقایسه کردن

Word formationcompare /k mə ˈper, -ˈpær/ verb I/T comparable /ˈk m·p ·r ·b l/ ɑ ə ə ə adjective Similarcomparative /k mə ˈpær· t· v/ ə ̬ ɪ adjectivecomparatively /k mə ˈpær· t· v·li/ ə ̬ ɪ adverb comparison /kəmˈpær·ə·sən/ noun C/U Showing similarity or equality of two things an examination of the differences between

persons or things

f loat /flo t/ ʊ

f loat /flo t/ ʊ

f loat /flo t/ ʊ

f loat /flo t/ ʊ

f loat /flo t/ ʊ

f loat /flo t/ ʊverb I/T / noun C

f loat /flo t/ ʊverb I/T / noun C 1- to stay or move easily on or over the surface of

a liquid, or to cause sth to move in this way

f loat /flo t/ ʊverb I/T / noun C 1- to stay or move easily on or over the surface of

a liquid, or to cause sth to move in this way I: An empty bottle will float on water.

f loat /flo t/ ʊverb I/T / noun C 1- to stay or move easily on or over the surface of

a liquid, or to cause sth to move in this way I: An empty bottle will float on water. T: Fill the cups with hot coffee and float heavy

cream on top.

f loat /flo t/ ʊverb I/T / noun C 1- to stay or move easily on or over the surface of

a liquid, or to cause sth to move in this way I: An empty bottle will float on water. T: Fill the cups with hot coffee and float heavy

cream on top. 2- move easily through air: I Fluffy white clouds

were floating across the sky.

f loat /flo t/ ʊverb I/T / noun C 1- to stay or move easily on or over the surface of

a liquid, or to cause sth to move in this way I: An empty bottle will float on water. T: Fill the cups with hot coffee and float heavy

cream on top. 2- move easily through air: I Fluffy white clouds

were floating across the sky. a piece of light material that stays on the surface

of water

f loat /flo t/ ʊverb I/T / noun C 1- to stay or move easily on or over the surface of

a liquid, or to cause sth to move in this way I: An empty bottle will float on water. T: Fill the cups with hot coffee and float heavy

cream on top. 2- move easily through air: I Fluffy white clouds

were floating across the sky. a piece of light material that stays on the surface

of waterشناور کردن ، شناور ماندن ، چیز شناور

soft /sɔːft/

soft /sɔːft/

soft /sɔːft/

soft /sɔːft/ adjective -er/-est only

soft /sɔːft/ adjective -er/-est only not hard or firm; changing its shape when

pressed

soft /sɔːft/ adjective -er/-est only not hard or firm; changing its shape when

pressedThe baby’s skin feels so soft.

soft /sɔːft/ adjective -er/-est only not hard or firm; changing its shape when

pressedThe baby’s skin feels so soft.soften /ˈsɔː·f n/ ə verb I/T

soft /sɔːft/ adjective -er/-est only not hard or firm; changing its shape when

pressedThe baby’s skin feels so soft.soften /ˈsɔː·f n/ ə verb I/T The butter will soften if you leave it out.

soft /sɔːft/ adjective -er/-est only not hard or firm; changing its shape when

pressedThe baby’s skin feels so soft.soften /ˈsɔː·f n/ ə verb I/T The butter will soften if you leave it out. softness /ˈsɔːft·n s/ ə noun U

soft /sɔːft/ adjective -er/-est only not hard or firm; changing its shape when

pressedThe baby’s skin feels so soft.soften /ˈsɔː·f n/ ə verb I/T The butter will soften if you leave it out. softness /ˈsɔːft·n s/ ə noun U I sank into the softness of my bed.

soft /sɔːft/ adjective -er/-est only not hard or firm; changing its shape when

pressedThe baby’s skin feels so soft.soften /ˈsɔː·f n/ ə verb I/T The butter will soften if you leave it out. softness /ˈsɔːft·n s/ ə noun U I sank into the softness of my bed. نرم

center /ˈsent· r/ ə

center /ˈsent· r/ ə

center /ˈsent· r/ ə

center /ˈsent· r/ ə

center /ˈsent· r/ ənoun C

center /ˈsent· r/ ənoun C the middle point or part

center /ˈsent· r/ ənoun C the middle point or part She stood in the center of the stage.

center /ˈsent· r/ ənoun C the middle point or part She stood in the center of the stage. center /ˈsent· r/ ə verb T

center /ˈsent· r/ ənoun C the middle point or part She stood in the center of the stage. center /ˈsent· r/ ə verb T to put something in the center

center /ˈsent· r/ ənoun C the middle point or part She stood in the center of the stage. center /ˈsent· r/ ə verb T to put something in the center The headings should be centered on the page.

center /ˈsent· r/ ənoun C the middle point or part She stood in the center of the stage. center /ˈsent· r/ ə verb T to put something in the center The headings should be centered on the page. دادن قرار مرکز در ، مرکز

Word formation center /ˈsent·ər/ noun C center /ˈsent·ər/ verb T central /ˈsen·tr l/ ə adjective in, at, from, or near the centercentrally /ˈsen·tr ·li/ ə adverb controlled from a single place or by a single

organizationcentralize /ˈsen·trəˌl z/ ɑɪ verb T

consist of something phrasal verb

consist of something phrasal verb to be something that is made or formed of

various specific things

consist of something phrasal verb to be something that is made or formed of

various specific things The crowd consisted mostly of college kids

and office workers.

consist of something phrasal verb to be something that is made or formed of

various specific things The crowd consisted mostly of college kids

and office workers. Her responsibilities consist of answering the

phone and greeting visitors.

consist of something phrasal verb to be something that is made or formed of

various specific things The crowd consisted mostly of college kids

and office workers. Her responsibilities consist of answering the

phone and greeting visitors. از شدن تشکیل

smoothly /ˈsmuːð·li/ adverb

smoothly /ˈsmuːð·li/ adverb happening without any sudden changes, or

difficulty

smoothly /ˈsmuːð·li/ adverb happening without any sudden changes, or

difficulty a smooth ride/flight / movement

smoothly /ˈsmuːð·li/ adverb happening without any sudden changes, or

difficulty a smooth ride/flight / movementOil is used to make the parts of a machine

move smoothly when they rub together. It’s nice to work in such a smoothly run office.

smoothly /ˈsmuːð·li/ adverb happening without any sudden changes, or

difficulty a smooth ride/flight / movementOil is used to make the parts of a machine

move smoothly when they rub together. It’s nice to work in such a smoothly run office.

آرامی به

Word formationsmooth /smuːð/ adjective -er/-est only smooth /smuːð/ verb T کردن هموارsmoothly /ˈsmuːð·li/ adverb smoothness /ˈsmuːð·n s/ ə noun U

stick /st k/ ɪ

stick /st k/ ɪ

stick /st k/ ɪ

stick /st k/ ɪ

stick /st k/ ɪ

stick /st k/ ɪ

stick /st k/ ɪverb I/T past stuck

stick /st k/ ɪverb I/T past stuck to attach or become attached

stick /st k/ ɪverb I/T past stuck to attach or become attached T: Stick the tape to the back of the picture.

stick /st k/ ɪverb I/T past stuck to attach or become attached T: Stick the tape to the back of the picture. I: It was so hot that my clothes stuck to me.

stick /st k/ ɪverb I/T past stuck to attach or become attached T: Stick the tape to the back of the picture. I: It was so hot that my clothes stuck to me. چسبیدن ، عصا

Earth’s plates

Smooth movement

Breaking of plates

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /noun C

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /noun C a tool or other device used for doing a particular piece of

work

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /noun C a tool or other device used for doing a particular piece of

work surgical instruments

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /noun C a tool or other device used for doing a particular piece of

work surgical instruments instrumental / n·str 'ment· l/ ɪ ə ə adjective

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /noun C a tool or other device used for doing a particular piece of

work surgical instruments instrumental / n·str 'ment· l/ ɪ ə ə adjective important in causing something to happen

instrument / ' n·str ·m ntɪ ə ə /noun C a tool or other device used for doing a particular piece of

work surgical instruments instrumental / n·str 'ment· l/ ɪ ə ə adjective important in causing something to happen وسیله ،ابزار

shake / e kʃ ɪ /

shake / e kʃ ɪ /

shake / e kʃ ɪ /

shake / e kʃ ɪ /

shake / e kʃ ɪ /verb I/T shook , shaken

shake / e kʃ ɪ /verb I/T shook , shaken to move sth backward and forward or up and

down in quick, short movements

shake / e kʃ ɪ /verb I/T shook , shaken to move sth backward and forward or up and

down in quick, short movements Shake the can.

shake / e kʃ ɪ /verb I/T shook , shaken to move sth backward and forward or up and

down in quick, short movements Shake the can. Lily shook her long hair out.

shake / e kʃ ɪ /verb I/T shook , shaken to move sth backward and forward or up and

down in quick, short movements Shake the can. Lily shook her long hair out. She shook out the tablecloth.

shake / e kʃ ɪ /verb I/T shook , shaken to move sth backward and forward or up and

down in quick, short movements Shake the can. Lily shook her long hair out. She shook out the tablecloth.Her hands shook as she opened the letter.

shake / e kʃ ɪ /verb I/T shook , shaken to move sth backward and forward or up and

down in quick, short movements Shake the can. Lily shook her long hair out. She shook out the tablecloth.Her hands shook as she opened the letter. تکان دادن

Some points:shake your fist :They stood at the gate,

shaking their fists and shouting. shake hands : greet or say goodbyeshake your head : My dad shook his head, "No, you can't go." The shakes : لرز shaker /ˈ e ·k r/ ʃ ɪ ə noun C a salt/pepper shaker shaky /ˈ e ·ki/ ʃ ɪ adjective = لرزان

ratt le /ˈræt· l/ ̬ əverb I/T / noun C/U

ratt le /ˈræt· l/ ̬ əverb I/T / noun C/U to make a noise consisting of quickly repeated

knocks

ratt le /ˈræt· l/ ̬ əverb I/T / noun C/U to make a noise consisting of quickly repeated

knocks I: The windows rattled when the wind blew.

ratt le /ˈræt· l/ ̬ əverb I/T / noun C/U to make a noise consisting of quickly repeated

knocks I: The windows rattled when the wind blew. T: Manny slammed the door, rattling the cups

on the shelf.

ratt le /ˈræt· l/ ̬ əverb I/T / noun C/U to make a noise consisting of quickly repeated

knocks I: The windows rattled when the wind blew. T: Manny slammed the door, rattling the cups

on the shelf. U: We could hear the rattle of stones as they

fell down the well.

ratt le /ˈræt· l/ ̬ əverb I/T / noun C/U to make a noise consisting of quickly repeated

knocks I: The windows rattled when the wind blew. T: Manny slammed the door, rattling the cups

on the shelf. U: We could hear the rattle of stones as they

fell down the well. تکان خوردن همراه صدا

damage /ˈdæm·ɪdʒ/

damage /ˈdæm·ɪdʒ/

damage /ˈdæm·ɪdʒ/

damage /ˈdæm·ɪdʒ/

damage /ˈdæm·ɪdʒ/ verb T / noun

damage /ˈdæm·ɪdʒ/ verb T / noun to harm or spoil something

damage /ˈdæm·ɪdʒ/ verb T / noun to harm or spoil something Many buildings were badly damaged by

the earthquake.

damage /ˈdæm·ɪdʒ/ verb T / noun to harm or spoil something Many buildings were badly damaged by

the earthquake. آسیب رساند یا آسیب

populate /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t·/ ɪ ̬

Verb to inhabit; live in; be the inhabitants of.ساکن کردن

populated /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t· d/ ɪ ̬ ə

populated /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t· d/ ɪ ̬ ə

populated /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t· d/ ɪ ̬ əadjective

populated /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t· d/ ɪ ̬ əadjective lived in , full of people

populated /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t· d/ ɪ ̬ əadjective lived in , full of people densely populated cities

populated /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t· d/ ɪ ̬ əadjective lived in , full of people densely populated citiesمسکونی

Word formationpopulate /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t·/ ɪ ̬ Verb population /ˌp p·jɑ əˈle · n/ ɪ ʃə : pop. noun C/U populated /ˈp p·jɑ əˌle t· d/ ɪ ̬ ə adjective populous /ˈp p·j ·l s/ ɑ ə ə adjective (of a country, area, or place) having a lot of

people living there

Learn words:Luck = fortune Lucky = fortunate Luckily = fortunately Unluckily = unfortunately

destructive /dɪˈstr k·t v/ ʌ ɪadjective

destructive /dɪˈstr k·t v/ ʌ ɪadjective Causing damage and destruction

destructive /dɪˈstr k·t v/ ʌ ɪadjective Causing damage and destruction The child needs help to control his destructive

behavior.

destructive /dɪˈstr k·t v/ ʌ ɪadjective Causing damage and destruction The child needs help to control his destructive

behavior. ویرانگر ، مخرب

destructive /dɪˈstr k·t v/ ʌ ɪadjective Causing damage and destruction The child needs help to control his destructive

behavior. ویرانگر ، مخربdestruction /dɪˈstr k· n/ ʌ ʃə noun U

destructive /dɪˈstr k·t v/ ʌ ɪadjective Causing damage and destruction The child needs help to control his destructive

behavior. ویرانگر ، مخربdestruction /dɪˈstr k· n/ ʌ ʃə noun U the action of destroying something, or the

state of being destroyed

destructive /dɪˈstr k·t v/ ʌ ɪadjective Causing damage and destruction The child needs help to control his destructive

behavior. ویرانگر ، مخربdestruction /dɪˈstr k· n/ ʌ ʃə noun U the action of destroying something, or the

state of being destroyed Unusually high winds left widespread

destruction over the area.

Word formationdestroy /dɪˈstr / ɔɪ verb T to damage something, destroyer /dɪˈstr · r /ɔɪ ə noun C a small, fast, military ship that carries

weapons destruction /dɪˈstr k· n/ ʌ ʃə noun U destructive /dɪˈstr k·t v/ ʌ ɪ adjective

Pacific Ocean

Pacific Ocean

Pacific Ocean

probable /ˈpr b· ·b l/ ɑ ə əadjective

probable /ˈpr b· ·b l/ ɑ ə əadjective likely to be true or likely to happen

probable /ˈpr b· ·b l/ ɑ ə əadjective likely to be true or likely to happen The doctor said that the most probable cause

of death was heart failure.

probable /ˈpr b· ·b l/ ɑ ə əadjective likely to be true or likely to happen The doctor said that the most probable cause

of death was heart failure. محتمل

Word formationprobable /ˈpr b· ·b l/ ɑ ə ə adjective probably /ˈpr b· ·bli/ ɑ ə adverbI’ll probably be home about midnight. probabil i ty /ˌpr b·ɑ əˈb l· t·i/ ɪ ə ̬ noun C/U In all probabil i ty he would never see her

again very likely he would not see her again .

hit / h tɪ /verb T hitting , past hit informal

hit / h tɪ /verb T hitting , past hit informal to arrive at a place, position, or state

hit / h tɪ /verb T hitting , past hit informal to arrive at a place, position, or state The company’s profits hit an all-time high last

year.

hit / h tɪ /verb T hitting , past hit informal to arrive at a place, position, or state The company’s profits hit an all-time high last

year. رسیدن

entire / nɪ ˈt r/ ɑɪAdjective

entire / nɪ ˈt r/ ɑɪadjectivewhole or complete,

entire / nɪ ˈt r/ ɑɪadjectivewhole or complete, He read the entire book on the flight to

Buenos Aires.

entire / nɪ ˈt r/ ɑɪadjectivewhole or complete, He read the entire book on the flight to

Buenos Aires. I spent an entire month writing that report.

entire / nɪ ˈt r/ ɑɪadjectivewhole or complete, He read the entire book on the flight to

Buenos Aires. I spent an entire month writing that report. entirely / nɪ ˈt r·li/ ɑɪ adverb

entire / nɪ ˈt r/ ɑɪadjectivewhole or complete, He read the entire book on the flight to

Buenos Aires. I spent an entire month writing that report. entirely / nɪ ˈt r·li/ ɑɪ adverbI admit it was entirely my fault.

entire / nɪ ˈt r/ ɑɪadjectivewhole or complete, He read the entire book on the flight to

Buenos Aires. I spent an entire month writing that report. entirely / nɪ ˈt r·li/ ɑɪ adverbI admit it was entirely my fault. entirety / nɪ ˈt ·r t·i, -ɑɪ ə ̬ ˈt rt·i/ ɑɪ ̬ noun U

free /friː/ adjective -er/-est only

free /friː/ adjective -er/-est only WITHOUT: not having something that is

unwanted or unpleasant

free /friː/ adjective -er/-est only WITHOUT: not having something that is

unwanted or unpleasant After many months of treatment, she was

declared free of disease.

free /friː/ adjective -er/-est only WITHOUT: not having something that is

unwanted or unpleasant After many months of treatment, she was

declared free of disease. فاقد ، بدون

Word formationfree /friː/ adjective, adverb -er/-estfree /friː/ verb T freely /ˈfriː·li/ adverb freedom /ˈfriːd· m/ ə noun C/U

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T to find or discover the exact position of something

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T to find or discover the exact position of something Archeologists have located the remains of an

ancient temple.

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T to find or discover the exact position of something Archeologists have located the remains of an

ancient temple. کردن پیدا

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T to find or discover the exact position of something Archeologists have located the remains of an

ancient temple. کردن پیداlocation /loʊˈke · n/ ɪ ʃə noun C

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T to find or discover the exact position of something Archeologists have located the remains of an

ancient temple. کردن پیداlocation /loʊˈke · n/ ɪ ʃə noun C a particular place or position

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T to find or discover the exact position of something Archeologists have located the remains of an

ancient temple. کردن پیداlocation /loʊˈke · n/ ɪ ʃə noun C a particular place or position a good location for a bookstore

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T to find or discover the exact position of something Archeologists have located the remains of an

ancient temple. کردن پیداlocation /loʊˈke · n/ ɪ ʃə noun C a particular place or position a good location for a bookstore The map showed the location of an old mine.

locate /ˈlo ·ke t, loʊ ɪ ʊˈke t/ ɪverb T to find or discover the exact position of something Archeologists have located the remains of an

ancient temple. کردن پیداlocation /loʊˈke · n/ ɪ ʃə noun C a particular place or position a good location for a bookstore The map showed the location of an old mine. on location : in an actual place

forecast /ˈfɔːr·kæst, ˈfo r-/ ʊverb T / noun C

forecast /ˈfɔːr·kæst, ˈfo r-/ ʊverb T / noun C past forecast , past forecasted

forecast /ˈfɔːr·kæst, ˈfo r-/ ʊverb T / noun C past forecast , past forecastedPredict , say what the weather will be like

forecast /ˈfɔːr·kæst, ˈfo r-/ ʊverb T / noun C past forecast , past forecastedPredict , say what the weather will be like The government is forecasting that

unemployment will continue to fall.

forecast /ˈfɔːr·kæst, ˈfo r-/ ʊverb T / noun C past forecast , past forecastedPredict , say what the weather will be like The government is forecasting that

unemployment will continue to fall. کردن بینی پیش

forecast /ˈfɔːr·kæst, ˈfo r-/ ʊverb T / noun C past forecast , past forecastedPredict , say what the weather will be like The government is forecasting that

unemployment will continue to fall. کردن بینی پیشforecaster /ˈfɔːrˌkæs·t r, ə ˈfo r-/ ʊ noun C

Flood /fl d/ ʌ

Flood /fl d/ ʌ

Flood /fl d/ ʌ

Flood /fl d/ ʌ

Flood /fl d/ ʌnoun C / verb I/T

Flood /fl d/ ʌnoun C / verb I/T to fill or become covered with water or to

cause this to happen to something

Flood /fl d/ ʌnoun C / verb I/T to fill or become covered with water or to

cause this to happen to something I The basements of many downtown buildings

would flood whenever it rained.

Flood /fl d/ ʌnoun C / verb I/T to fill or become covered with water or to

cause this to happen to something I The basements of many downtown buildings

would flood whenever it rained. a large amount of water covering an area that

is usually dry

Flood /fl d/ ʌnoun C / verb I/T to fill or become covered with water or to

cause this to happen to something I The basements of many downtown buildings

would flood whenever it rained. a large amount of water covering an area that

is usually dryf looding /ˈfl d· ŋ/ ʌ ɪ noun U

Flood /fl d/ ʌnoun C / verb I/T to fill or become covered with water or to

cause this to happen to something I The basements of many downtown buildings

would flood whenever it rained. a large amount of water covering an area that

is usually dryf looding /ˈfl d· ŋ/ ʌ ɪ noun U Rain caused flooding that washed out bridges

and covered roads.

storm /stɔːrm/

storm /stɔːrm/

storm /stɔːrm/

storm /stɔːrm/ noun C

storm /stɔːrm/ noun C an extreme weather condition with strong

winds and heavy rain or snow

storm /stɔːrm/ noun C an extreme weather condition with strong

winds and heavy rain or snow The storm left over a foot of snow on the

ground.

storm /stɔːrm/ noun C an extreme weather condition with strong

winds and heavy rain or snow The storm left over a foot of snow on the

ground. stormy /ˈstɔːr·mi/ adjective

storm /stɔːrm/ noun C an extreme weather condition with strong

winds and heavy rain or snow The storm left over a foot of snow on the

ground. stormy /ˈstɔːr·mi/ adjective I remember one stormy afternoon when

Marcelle and I were kept indoors by the weather.

reality /riːˈæl· t·iə ̬ /noun C/U

reality /riːˈæl· t·iə ̬ /noun C/U the actual state of things, or the facts

involved in such a state

reality /riːˈæl· t·iə ̬ /noun C/U the actual state of things, or the facts

involved in such a state U The reality is I’m not going to be picked for

the team.

reality /riːˈæl· t·iə ̬ /noun C/U the actual state of things, or the facts

involved in such a state U The reality is I’m not going to be picked for

the team. In reality = what actually happened or what

the actual situation is

reality /riːˈæl· t·iə ̬ /noun C/U the actual state of things, or the facts

involved in such a state U The reality is I’m not going to be picked for

the team. In reality = what actually happened or what

the actual situation isHe told the police he was out of town, but in

reality, he never went anywhere.

reality /riːˈæl· t·iə ̬ /noun C/U the actual state of things, or the facts

involved in such a state U The reality is I’m not going to be picked for

the team. In reality = what actually happened or what

the actual situation isHe told the police he was out of town, but in

reality, he never went anywhere. واقعیت

Word formationreal /riːl/ adjective realism /ˈriː·əˌl z· m/ ɪ ə noun U realist /ˈriː· ·l st/ ə ə noun C realist ic /ˌriː·əˈl s·t k/ ɪ ɪ adjective realist ically /ˌriː·əˈl s·t ·kli/ ɪ ɪ adverbreality /riːˈæl· t·i/ ə ̬ noun C/U really /ˈriː·li/ adverbrealize /ˈriː·əˌl z/ ɑɪ verb T realization /ˌriː· ·lə əˈze · n/ ɪ ʃə noun C

mechanism /ˈmek·əˌn z· m/ ɪ ənoun C

mechanism /ˈmek·əˌn z· m/ ɪ ənoun C a way of doing something, esp. one that is

planned or part of a system

mechanism /ˈmek·əˌn z· m/ ɪ ənoun C a way of doing something, esp. one that is

planned or part of a system The mechanism for collecting taxes needs

revising.

mechanism /ˈmek·əˌn z· m/ ɪ ənoun C a way of doing something, esp. one that is

planned or part of a system The mechanism for collecting taxes needs

revising. a part of a machine, or a set of parts that work

together

mechanism /ˈmek·əˌn z· m/ ɪ ənoun C a way of doing something, esp. one that is

planned or part of a system The mechanism for collecting taxes needs

revising. a part of a machine, or a set of parts that work

together Automatic cameras have a special focusing

mechanism.

mechanism /ˈmek·əˌn z· m/ ɪ ənoun C a way of doing something, esp. one that is

planned or part of a system The mechanism for collecting taxes needs

revising. a part of a machine, or a set of parts that work

together Automatic cameras have a special focusing

mechanism. کار انجام روش ، مکانیسم

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒə

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒə

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒə

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒə

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒənoun C

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒənoun C a dangerous or serious situation, such as an

accident, that happens suddenly or unexpectedly and needs immediate action

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒənoun C a dangerous or serious situation, such as an

accident, that happens suddenly or unexpectedly and needs immediate action

In an emergency, dial 911 for an ambulance.

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒənoun C a dangerous or serious situation, such as an

accident, that happens suddenly or unexpectedly and needs immediate action

In an emergency, dial 911 for an ambulance. اضطراری ، اورژانسی

emergency /ɪˈm r·d n·si/ ɜ ʒənoun C a dangerous or serious situation, such as an

accident, that happens suddenly or unexpectedly and needs immediate action

In an emergency, dial 911 for an ambulance. اضطراری ، اورژانسی= urgency /ˈɜr·dʒən·si/

procedure /prəˈsiː·d r/ ʒənoun C/U

procedure /prəˈsiː·d r/ ʒənoun C/U an order or method of doing something

procedure /prəˈsiː·d r/ ʒənoun C/U an order or method of doing something U: It’s standard procedure for those at the

top of the list to be called first.

procedure /prəˈsiː·d r/ ʒənoun C/U an order or method of doing something U: It’s standard procedure for those at the

top of the list to be called first. کار انجام ترتیب یا روش

procedure /prəˈsiː·d r/ ʒənoun C/U an order or method of doing something U: It’s standard procedure for those at the

top of the list to be called first. کار انجام ترتیب یا روشprocedural /prəˈsiː·d ·r l/ ʒə ə adjective

procedure /prəˈsiː·d r/ ʒənoun C/U an order or method of doing something U: It’s standard procedure for those at the

top of the list to be called first. کار انجام ترتیب یا روشprocedural /prəˈsiː·d ·r l/ ʒə ə adjectiveDefense lawyers most often challenge test

results based on procedural grounds.

get (someone) together phrasal verb

get (someone) together phrasal verb to have a meeting or a party

get (someone) together phrasal verb to have a meeting or a party Why don’t we all get together on Friday?

get (someone) together phrasal verb to have a meeting or a party Why don’t we all get together on Friday? Lynn sent me an e-mail asking, "Can you get

your committee together?"

get (someone) together phrasal verb to have a meeting or a party Why don’t we all get together on Friday? Lynn sent me an e-mail asking, "Can you get

your committee together?" شدن جمع هم دور ، گرفتن جلسه

get (someone) together phrasal verb to have a meeting or a party Why don’t we all get together on Friday? Lynn sent me an e-mail asking, "Can you get

your committee together?" شدن جمع هم دور ، گرفتن جلسهget-together : noun

get (someone) together phrasal verb to have a meeting or a party Why don’t we all get together on Friday? Lynn sent me an e-mail asking, "Can you get

your committee together?" شدن جمع هم دور ، گرفتن جلسهget-together : noun meeting

f ire department

f ire department

f ire department

f ire department noun C

f ire department noun C an organization in charge of preventing or

putting out fires, esp. one working for a local government

f ire department noun C an organization in charge of preventing or

putting out fires, esp. one working for a local government

آتش نشانی

f ire alarm

f ire alarm

f ire alarm

fire truck = f ire engine

fire truck = f ire engine

f irefighter = fireman

f irefighter = fireman

f irefighter = fireman

Other wordsf ire alarm noun C f ire engine noun C = fire truck f irefighter = fireman noun C -men f ire department f ire station noun C

f ix /f ks/ ɪverb T

f ix /f ks/ ɪverb T to attach in order to keep in one place

f ix /f ks/ ɪverb T to attach in order to keep in one place Fix the shelf to the wall with screws.

f ix /f ks/ ɪverb T to attach in order to keep in one place Fix the shelf to the wall with screws. I tried to fix the directions in my mind.

f ix /f ks/ ɪverb T to attach in order to keep in one place Fix the shelf to the wall with screws. I tried to fix the directions in my mind. خود جای در کردن محکم

strong /strɔːŋ /adjective -er/-est only

strong /strɔːŋ /adjective -er/-est only not easily broken or damaged

strong /strɔːŋ /adjective -er/-est only not easily broken or damaged The swings are strong enough for any of the

kids.

strong /strɔːŋ /adjective -er/-est only not easily broken or damaged The swings are strong enough for any of the

kids. strongly /ˈstrɔːŋ·li/ adverb

strong /strɔːŋ /adjective -er/-est only not easily broken or damaged The swings are strong enough for any of the

kids. strongly /ˈstrɔːŋ·li/ adverb The castle walls were strongly constructed of

stone.

strong /strɔːŋ /adjective -er/-est only not easily broken or damaged The swings are strong enough for any of the

kids. strongly /ˈstrɔːŋ·li/ adverb The castle walls were strongly constructed of

stone. محکم

bookshelf /ˈb k· elf/ ʊ ʃ

bookshelf /ˈb k· elf/ ʊ ʃ

bookshelf /ˈb k· elf/ ʊ ʃ

bookshelf /ˈb k· elf/ ʊ ʃ

noun C a shelf that holds books

cabinet /ˈkæb· ·n tə ə /

cabinet /ˈkæb· ·n tə ə /

cabinet /ˈkæb· ·n tə ə /

cabinet /ˈkæb· ·n tə ə /

cabinet /ˈkæb· ·n tə ə /

cabinet /ˈkæb· ·n tə ə /

cabinet /ˈkæb· ·n tə ə /

calm /k m, k lm/ ɑ ɑadjective -er/-est only peaceful, quiet, or relaxed; without hurried

movement, anxiety, or noise ≠ worried , anxious , nervousThe pilot said we’d have to make an

emergency landing, and the flight attendants tried to keep us calm.

Our ship arrived at the Mississippi delta on a calm, clear night.

خونسرد ، آرام

Word formationcalm /k m, k lm/ ɑ ɑ adjective -er/-est only calm /k m, k lm/ ɑ ɑ noun U calm /k m, k lm/ ɑ ɑ verb I/T calmly /ˈk m·li, ɑ ˈk lm-/ ɑ adverb calmness /ˈk m·n s, ɑ ə ˈk lm-/ ɑ noun U

doorway /ˈdɔːr·we , ɪ ˈdo r-/ ʊ

doorway /ˈdɔːr·we , ɪ ˈdo r-/ ʊ

doorway /ˈdɔːr·we , ɪ ˈdo r-/ ʊ

doorway /ˈdɔːr·we , ɪ ˈdo r-/ ʊnoun C

doorway /ˈdɔːr·we , ɪ ˈdo r-/ ʊnoun C the space for a door through which you go

into and out of a room or building

underpass /ˈ n·d rʌ ə ˌpæs/

underpass /ˈ n·d rʌ ə ˌpæs/

underpass /ˈ n·d rʌ ə ˌpæs/

underpass /ˈ n·d rʌ ə ˌpæs/

underpass /ˈ n·d rʌ ə ˌpæs /noun C

underpass /ˈ n·d rʌ ə ˌpæs /noun C a passage that goes under something such as

a busy road, allowing people or vehicles to go from one side to the other

underpass /ˈ n·d rʌ ə ˌpæs /noun C a passage that goes under something such as

a busy road, allowing people or vehicles to go from one side to the other

زیرگذر

underpass /ˈ n·d rʌ ə ˌpæs /noun C a passage that goes under something such as

a busy road, allowing people or vehicles to go from one side to the other

زیرگذر

overpass /ˈo ·v rʊ ə ˌpæs/

overpass /ˈo ·v rʊ ə ˌpæs/

overpass /ˈo ·v rʊ ə ˌpæs/

overpass /ˈo ·v rʊ ə ˌpæs/

overpass /ˈo ·v rʊ ə ˌpæs/ noun C

overpass /ˈo ·v rʊ ə ˌpæs/ noun C a bridge that carries a road or railroad over

another road

overpass /ˈo ·v rʊ ə ˌpæs/ noun C a bridge that carries a road or railroad over

another roadروگذر

safe /se f/ ɪadjective

safe /se f/ ɪadjective free from danger or harm, or not causing

danger or harm Have a safe trip.

safe /se f/ ɪadjective free from danger or harm, or not causing

danger or harm Have a safe trip. ≠ dangerous

safe /se f/ ɪadjective free from danger or harm, or not causing

danger or harm Have a safe trip. ≠ dangerous Is this medicine safe for children?

safe /se f/ ɪadjective free from danger or harm, or not causing

danger or harm Have a safe trip. ≠ dangerous Is this medicine safe for children? I feel safe here.

safe /se f/ ɪadjective free from danger or harm, or not causing

danger or harm Have a safe trip. ≠ dangerous Is this medicine safe for children? I feel safe here. امن ، خطر بی

Other formssafe /se f/ ɪ adjective safely /ˈse ·fli/ ɪ adverb safety /ˈse f·ti/ ɪ noun U

provide / prəˈv d/ ɑɪverb T

provide / prəˈv d/ ɑɪverb T to give something that is needed or wanted to

someone

provide / prəˈv d/ ɑɪverb T to give something that is needed or wanted to

someone The company provides medical benefits to all

employees.

provide / prəˈv d/ ɑɪverb T to give something that is needed or wanted to

someone The company provides medical benefits to all

employees. I can provide you with directions to their

house.

provide / prəˈv d/ ɑɪverb T to give something that is needed or wanted to

someone The company provides medical benefits to all

employees. I can provide you with directions to their

house. کردن فراهم

provide / prəˈv d/ ɑɪverb T to give something that is needed or wanted to

someone The company provides medical benefits to all

employees. I can provide you with directions to their

house. کردن فراهمprovider /prəˈv d· r/ ɑɪ ə noun C

f irst aid

f irst aid

f irst aid

f irst aid

f irst aid

f irst aid noun U

f irst aid noun U emergency medical treatment given to

someone who is injured or ill

f irst aid noun U emergency medical treatment given to

someone who is injured or ill کمکهای اولیه

f irst aid noun U emergency medical treatment given to

someone who is injured or ill کمکهای اولیه

aftershock /ˈæf·t rə ˌ kʃɑ /noun C

aftershock /ˈæf·t rə ˌ kʃɑ /noun C a sudden movement of the earth’s surface

that often follows an earthquake and is less violent than the first main movement

aftershock /ˈæf·t rə ˌ kʃɑ /noun C a sudden movement of the earth’s surface

that often follows an earthquake and is less violent than the first main movement

پس لرزه

Special /ˈspeʃ·əl/ adjective not ordinary or usual, great or importanta special occasion special attention/treatment The car has a number of special safety

features. Is there anything special you’d like to do today?

You’re very special to me. مهم ، خاص ، ویژه

especial ly /ɪˈspe ·liʃ/ adverb (used to emphasize the importance of one thing

among others of its type or to point to one thing among others) very; particularly

He was especially fond of his youngest brother. She campaigned throughout the US, but

especially in the northeast. خاص طور به ، خیلی

A point specially or especially ? Sometimes : for a particular purpose I cooked this meal specially/especially for you. Specially :before an adjective made from a past

participle. specially prepared/specially trained. He uses a specially adapted wheelchair. Especially : to give emphasis to a person or

thing. This word is usually used at the beginning of a phrase but not at the beginning of a sentence.