Eb4voc les6

space /speɪs/

space /speɪs/

space /speɪs/

space /speɪs/

space /speɪs/ noun U


the area beyond the atmosphere (air) of the earth



space travel



space travel

Space exploration



space travel

Space exploration

فضا

Word formation space /speɪs/ noun C/U

space /speɪs/ verb T

spacing /ˈspeɪ·sɪŋ/ noun U

spacious /ˈspeɪ·ʃəs/ adjective

having a lot of space

A spacious house is comfortable.

outer space noun U

the universe beyond the earth’s atmosphere the air surrounding the earth .

space-age adjective

very modern and using complicated electronics or equipment

عصر فضا

space shuttle

space shuttle

space shuttle

space shuttle

space shuttle noun C

a vehicle that takes people into space and comes back to Earth again

شاتل فضایی

space station

space station

space station

space station noun C

a structure in space where people can live and work

ایستگاه فضایی

explore /ɪkˈsplɔːr, -ˈsploʊr/

explore /ɪkˈsplɔːr, -ˈsploʊr/ verb I/T


to travel to a new place to learn about it or become familiar with it



T: They set out to explore the city.




exploration /ˌek·spləˈreɪ·ʃən/ noun C/U





U oil/gas exploration






U space exploration






U space exploration

explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːr·ər, ɪkˈsploʊr·ər/ noun C

solar system

solar system

solar system

solar system

solar system noun C

solar system noun C

the sun and the group of planets that move around it, or a similar system somewhere else in the universe

solar system noun C

the sun and the group of planets that move around it, or a similar system somewhere else in the universe

منظومه خورشیدی

planet /ˈplæn·ət/







planet /ˈplæn·ət/ noun C


an extremely large, round mass of matter, such as Earth or Mars, that moves in a circular path around the sun or another star



سیاره



سیاره

planetary /ˈplæn·əˌter·i/ adjective



سیاره


planetary scientists



سیاره


planetary scientists

سیاره ای

Mercury /ˈmɜr·kjə·ri/




Mercury /ˈmɜr·kjə·ri/ noun U


the planet nearest in distance to the sun


the planet nearest in distance to the sun

عطارد

Venus /ˈviː·nəs/



Venus /ˈviː·nəs/ noun U


the planet second in order of distance from the sun, after Mercury and before the earth See picture: solar system


the planet second in order of distance from the sun, after Mercury and before the earth See picture: solar system

زهره

earth /ɜrθ/

earth /ɜrθ/

earth /ɜrθ/

earth /ɜrθ/ noun U


the planet third in order of distance from the sun, after Venus and before Mars; the world on which we live



Earth looks incredibly beautiful from space.




earthly /ˈɜrθ·li/ adjective not gradable





happening in or related to the physical world or real life





happening in or related to the physical world or real life

All my earthly possessions are in that moving van.

Mars /mɑrz/

Mars /mɑrz/

Mars /mɑrz/

Mars /mɑrz/ noun U

Mars /mɑrz/ noun U

the planet fourth in order of distance from the sun, after the earth and before Jupiter

Mars /mɑrz/ noun U


مریخ

Mars /mɑrz/ noun U


مریخ

Martian /ˈmɑr·ʃən/ adjective

Mars /mɑrz/ noun U


مریخ


relating to the planet Mars

Mars /mɑrz/ noun U


مریخ


relating to the planet Mars

the Martian atmosphere

Jupiter /ˈdʒuː·pət̬·ər/




Jupiter /ˈdʒuː·pət̬·ər/ noun U


the planet fifth in order of distance from the sun, after Mars and before Saturn


the planet fifth in order of distance from the sun, after Mars and before Saturn

مشتری

Saturn /ˈsæt̬·ərn/






Saturn /ˈsæt̬·ərn/ noun U


the planet sixth in order of distance from the sun, after Jupiter and before Uranus


the planet sixth in order of distance from the sun, after Jupiter and before Uranus

کیوان یا زحل

Uranus /ˈjʊr·ə·nəs, jʊˈreɪ·nəs/





noun U


noun U

the planet seventh in order of distance from the sun, after Saturn and before Neptune


noun U

the planet seventh in order of distance from the sun, after Saturn and before Neptune

اورانوس

Neptune /ˈnep·tuːn/





Neptune /ˈnep·tuːn/ noun U


the planet eighth in order of distance from the sun, after Uranus and before Pluto


the planet eighth in order of distance from the sun, after Uranus and before Pluto

نپتون

asteroid /ˈæs·təˌrɔɪd/





asteroid /ˈæs·təˌrɔɪd/ noun C


an object like a very large rock that goes around the sun like a planet



Scientists are hoping an asteroid will clue (show) them in about early life on earth.



Scientists are hoping an asteroid will clue (show) them in about early life on earth.

سیارک

ancient /ˈeɪn·tʃənt/

ancient /ˈeɪn·tʃənt/ adjective


of or from a very long time ago, very old



Archaeologists study the remains of ancient civilizations.




This computer is ancient – I’ve got to get a new one.




This computer is ancient – I’ve got to get a new one.

باستانی ، قدیمی

dream /driːm/

dream /driːm/ noun C


an event or condition that you hope for very much, although it is not likely to happen



almost perfect



almost perfect

It was his dream to be a doctor.



almost perfect


If there were one more bedroom, it would be my dream house.



almost perfect



Verb: I past dreamed , past dreamt



almost perfect




to desire something very much and hope that it happens, think



almost perfect




to desire something very much and hope that it happens, think

رویا ، رویایی ، فکر کردن ، خواستن

latter /ˈlæt̬·ər/

latter /ˈlæt̬·ər/ noun U formal


SECOND: the second of two people, things, or groups previously mentioned



He directed "The Wizard of Oz" and "Gone with the Wind," receiving an Oscar for the latter.




≠ former FIRST = سابق یا اولی





Adjective





adjective

near or toward the end of something





adjective


He was in the news during the latter part of the Watergate scandal.





adjective


He was in the news during the latter part of the Watergate scandal.

آخری

brief /briːf/

brief /briːf/ adjective -er/-est only


lasting only a short time or containing few words, short



Rory had a brief career as an actor.




خالصه ،کوتاه





briefly /ˈbriː·fli/ adverb






for a short time or using few words, in brief






for a short time or using few words, in brief

We chatted briefly about the weather.

Internatinal space station




crater /ˈkreɪt̬·ər/




crater /ˈkreɪt̬·ər/ noun C


a large hole in the top of a volcano(mountain made from liquid rock)



a large hole made by something hitting the ground with force



a large hole made by something hitting the ground with force

گودال بزرگ

Spacecraft

Spacecraft

Spacecraft

Spacecraft

Spacecraft

phase /feɪz/

phase /feɪz/

phase /feɪz/

phase /feɪz/

phase /feɪz/ noun C


any stage in a series of events or in a process of development



The project is only in its first phase of planning.




phases of the moon




phases of the moon

the regular changes in its shape as it appears to people on earth.




phases of the moon


forms of matter such as solid, liquid, or a gas.




phases of the moon


forms of matter such as solid, liquid, or a gas.

مرحله ، تغییرات ، شکل ، حالت

observe / əbˈzɜrv/




observe / əbˈzɜrv/ verb T


to watch something or someone carefully



She spent her career observing animal behavior.




On their field trip, the students observed how a newspaper was put together.




On their field trip, the students observed how a newspaper was put together.

مشاهده کردن

observatory /əbˈzɜr·vəˌtɔːr·i, -ˌtoʊr·i/

noun C

a building equipped for studying the

planets and the stars

رصدخانه







noun C


noun C




noun C



رصدخانه

Word formation observe / əbˈzɜrv/ verb T

observation /ˌɑb·zərˈveɪ·ʃən/ noun C/U

observer /əbˈzɜr·vər/ noun C

observatory /əbˈzɜr·vəˌtɔːr·i, -ˌtoʊr·i/ noun C

observant /əbˈzɜr·vənt/ adjective

observance /əbˈzɜr·vəns/ noun C/U

observant /əbˈzɜr·vənt/ adjective

observable /əbˈzɜr·və·bəl/ adjective

cave /keɪv/

cave /keɪv/

cave /keɪv/

cave /keɪv/

cave /keɪv/

cave /keɪv/

cave /keɪv/ noun C

cave /keɪv/ noun C

a large hole in the side of a hill, cliff, or mountain, or underground

cave /keɪv/ noun C


It was very dark and cold inside the cave.

cave /keɪv/ noun C


It was very dark and cold inside the cave.

غار ، اشکفت

telescope /ˈtel·əˌskoʊp/






telescope /ˈtel·əˌskoʊp/ noun C


a cylindrical device that you look through to make objects that are far away look nearer and bigger



telescopic /ˌtel·əˈskɑp·ɪk/ adjective



telescopic /ˌtel·əˈskɑp·ɪk/ adjective

My camera’s telescopic lens lets me take great close-ups.

device /dɪˈvɑɪs/





device /dɪˈvɑɪs/ noun C


an object or machine that has been invented to fulfill a particular purpose a



handheld device



handheld device

a safety device



handheld device

a safety device

electronic/mechanical devices



handheld device

a safety device


He invented a device for measuring very small distances exactly.



handheld device

a safety device


He invented a device for measuring very small distances exactly.

وسیله ، ابزار

Feature /ˈfiː·tʃər/

Feature /ˈfiː·tʃər/ noun C


a noticeable or important characteristic or part



This car has excellent safety features.




She has fine, delicate features(parts of the face) .





verb T





verb T

to show or advertise sb/sth as the most important or most obvious part





verb T


Tonight’s program features some outstanding performers.





verb T


Tonight’s program features some outstanding performers.

ویژگی ،خصوصیات ، برجسته نشان دادن

quality /ˈkwɑl·ət̬·i/ noun C

a characteristic or feature of sb or sth

We’re looking for someone who loves children and has the qualities of a good teacher.

ویژگی

Word formation Qualify /ˈkwɑl·əˌfɑɪ/ verb I/T

to achieve or have the standard of skill, knowledge, or

qualified /ˈkwɑl·əˌfɑɪd/ adjective qualification /ˌkwɑl·ə·fəˈkeɪ·ʃən/ noun C/U

the act of limiting the use or range of a statement you make, or a particular limitation to a

noun C usually plural 1- knowledge, skill, or some other characteristic

that gives a person the ability or the right to do or have something

2- a level of skill or ability that you have

magnify /ˈmæg·nəˌfɑɪ/




magnify /ˈmæg·nəˌfɑɪ/ verb T


to make something look larger than it is,



Although your skin looks smooth, when magnified you can see a lot of little bumps and holes.




He always magnifies the problems and inconveniences of travel.





magnification /ˌmæg·nə·fəˈkeɪ·ʃən/ noun C/U





magnification /ˌmæg·nə·fəˈkeɪ·ʃən/ noun C/U

بزرگ نشان دادن

distant /ˈdɪs·tənt/

distant /ˈdɪs·tənt/ adjective


far away in space or time, not friendly



She dreamed of traveling to distant lands.




We could hear the sound of distant thunder.




We could hear the sound of distant thunder.

دور

More information distance /ˈdɪs·təns/ noun C/U

At/From a distance =not too near: From a distance, he looks a little like his mother.

In the distance = at or from a point far away: We could see the mountains in the distance.

distance /ˈdɪs·təns/ verb T


valley /ˈvæl·i/

valley /ˈvæl·i/

valley /ˈvæl·i/

valley /ˈvæl·i/

valley /ˈvæl·i/

valley /ˈvæl·i/ noun C


an area of low land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it


an area of low land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it

دره

modern /ˈmɑd·ərn/ adjective

existing in the present or a recent time, or

using or based on recently developed ideas,

methods, or styles

modern life

modern architecture/art

مدرن ، جدید

former /ˈfɔːr·mər/

former /ˈfɔːr·mər/ Adjective

former /ˈfɔːr·mər/ adjective

of an earlier time, but not now



The former president lives on his ranch.




سابق ، قبلی





formerly /ˈfɔːr·mər·li/ adverb






before the present time or in the past







Formerly, he had gone regularly to Europe, but now he seldom traveled.







Formerly, he had gone regularly to Europe, but now he seldom traveled.

قبال

soviet /ˈsoʊ·viːˌet, -viː·ət/ noun C

a group elected to govern a region or area in a communist country

the people and esp. the leaders of the U.S.S.R.

Soviet union

Soviet union

Soviet union

Soviet union Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(ussr)

اتحاد جمهوریهای سوسیالیت شوروی

Launch /lɔːntʃ, lɑntʃ/





Launch /lɔːntʃ, lɑntʃ/ verb T


to send something out, esp. a vehicle into space or a ship onto water



On the last shuttle mission, the crew launched a communications satellite.




noun C




noun C

The launch of the space shuttle was delayed by bad weather.




noun C

The launch of the space shuttle was delayed by bad weather.

ارسال کردن ، پرتاب کردن

Sputnik 1

Sputnik 1

Sputnik 1

Sputnik 1 An artificial satellite

Artificial /ˌɑrt̬·əˈfɪʃ·əl/





Artificial /ˌɑrt̬·əˈfɪʃ·əl/ adjective


made by people, often as a copy of something natural, not natural , man-made ,



artificial flowers / artificial grass




an artificial leg




an artificial leg

مصنوعی




an artificial leg

مصنوعی

artificially /ˌɑrt ̬·əˈfɪʃ·ə·li/ adverb




an artificial leg

مصنوعی

artificially /ˌɑrt ̬·əˈfɪʃ·ə·li/ adverb

artificiality /ˌɑrt ̬·əˌfɪʃ·iːˈæl·ət ̬·i/ noun U

satellite /ˈsæt· ə lˌɑɪt/





satellite /ˈsæt· ə lˌɑɪt/ noun C physics


a natural object moving around a larger object in space, or an artificial object sent up into space to travel around the earth



a spy/weather satellite




The moon is a satellite of the earth.




The moon is a satellite of the earth.

ماهواره ، قمر

satellite dish

satellite dish

satellite dish

satellite dish

natural /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəl/

natural /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəl/ Artificial flower Natural flower

natural /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəl/ Artificial flower Natural flower

natural /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəl/ adjective


from nature; not artificial or involving anything made or caused by people



Cotton is a natural fiber.




He died of natural causes because he was old or ill .





Floods and earthquakes are natural disasters.






طبیعی






طبیعی

naturally /ˈnætʃ·ə·rə·li/ adverb






طبیعی


naturally curly hair






طبیعی


naturally curly hair

naturalness /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəl·nəs/ noun U

natural /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəl/ adjective from nature; not artificial or involving anything

made or caused by people Cotton is a natural fiber. He died of natural causes because he was old or

ill . Floods and earthquakes are natural disasters. طبیعی naturally /ˈnætʃ·ə·rə·li/ adverb

naturally curly hair naturalness /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəl·nəs/ noun U

I admire his naturalness on stage.

Word formation nature /ˈneɪ·tʃər/ noun U



naturalness /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəl·nəs/ noun U

naturalist /ˈnætʃ·ə·rə·ləst/ noun C

a person who studies plants and animals

naturalize /ˈnætʃ·ə·rəˌlɑɪz /verb T

to make someone a legal citizen of a country that the

person was not born in

naturalization /ˌnætʃ·ə·rə·ləˈzeɪ·ʃən/ noun U

soccer /ˈsɑk·ər/




soccer /ˈsɑk·ər/ noun U


a game in which two teams of eleven players try to send a ball into the goal of the opposing side without using their arms or hands



Football



Football

فوتبال

Soccer ball

Soccer ball

Soccer ball

carry /ˈkær·i/

carry /ˈkær·i/

carry /ˈkær·i/

carry /ˈkær·i/

carry /ˈkær·i/

carry /ˈkær·i/

carry /ˈkær·i/

carry /ˈkær·i/ verb T


to transport or take from one place to another



The plane carried 116 passengers and a crew of seven.




Would you like me to carry your bag for you?





بردن ، حمل کردن





بردن ، حمل کردن

carrier /ˈkær·iː·ər/ noun C

instrument / 'ɪn·strə·mənt/





instrument / 'ɪn·strə·mənt/ noun C


a tool or other device used for doing a particular piece of work



surgical instruments




instrumental /ɪn·strə'ment· ə l/ adjective





important in causing something to happen





important in causing something to happen

وسیله ،ابزار

measure /ˈmeʒ·ər/





measure /ˈmeʒ·ər/ Verb

measure /ˈmeʒ·ər/ verb

to discover the exact size, amount, etc., of something, or to be of a particular size



T "Will the table fit in here?" "I don’t know –I’ll measure it.“



T "Will the table fit in here?" "I don’t know –I’ll measure it."

اندازه گرفتن

Word formation measure /ˈmeʒ·ər/ verb

measure /ˈmeʒ·ər/ noun C/U

measurable /ˈmeʒ·ə·rə·bə/l adjective

measurement /ˈmeʒ·ər·mənt/ noun C/U

the length, height, width, etc., of something,

density /ˈden·sət̬·i/




density /ˈden·sət̬·i/ noun C/U physics


the relationship between the mass of a substance and its size, amount of sth in a unit



C Lead has a high density.




تراکم ، چگالی





dense /dens/ adjective -er/-est only






(of a substance) containing a lot of matter in a small space Plutonium is very dense.






(of a substance) containing a lot of matter in a small space Plutonium is very dense.

متراکم

Unit /ˈjuː·nət /




Unit /ˈjuː·nət / noun C


a standard measure used to express amounts



An inch is a unit of length.




The dollar is the standard unit of currency in the US.





واحد





واحد

Volume unit = واحد حجم





واحد


Area unit = واحد سطح





واحد


Area unit = واحد سطح

Length unit = واحد طول

area /ˈer·iː·ə, ˈær-/





area /ˈer·iː·ə, ˈær-/ noun C/U geometry


the measure of a flat space or surface



C You get the area of a rectangle by multiplying its length by its width.



C You get the area of a rectangle by multiplying its length by its width.

مساحت

volume /ˈvɑl·jəm, -juːm/





volume /ˈvɑl·jəm, -juːm/ noun C/U


an amount of space having length, height, and width



C You need a big air conditioner to cool a large volume of space.




U About 8 percent of the total volume of garbage is plastic packaging.




U About 8 percent of the total volume of garbage is plastic packaging.

حجم

temperature /ˈtem·pə·rə·tʃər, -ˌtʃʊr/





noun C/U


noun C/U

1- the measured amount of heat in a place or in the body


noun C/U


C Temperatures should reach the 50s today.


noun C/U



U An increase in temperature is normal.


noun C/U




2- a fever:


noun C/U




2- a fever:

C You have a temperature.


noun C/U




2- a fever:

C You have a temperature.

دما، حرارت ، تب

Apollo

Apollo

Apollo

Apollo

Apollo

mission /ˈmɪʃ·ən/

mission /ˈmɪʃ·ən/ noun C


the action of sending someone to a place to do a particular job, or the job the person has been sent to do



A flight into space



A flight into space

They were sent on a secret political mission to the Middle East.



A flight into space

They were sent on a secret political mission to the Middle East.

ماموریت

land /lænd/

land /lænd/

land /lænd/

land /lænd/

land /lænd/

land /lænd/ verb T

land /lænd/ verb T

to unload people or things from a ship or aircraft onto the ground,

land /lænd/ verb T


≠ boarding

land /lænd/ verb T


≠ boarding

≠ take off

land /lænd/ verb T


≠ boarding

≠ take off

The general’s plan involved landing troops behind enemy lines.

land /lænd/ verb T


≠ boarding

≠ take off

The general’s plan involved landing troops behind enemy lines.

پیاده کردن ، فرود آمدن

astronaut /ˈæs·trəˌnɔːt, -ˌnɑt/






astronaut /ˈæs·trəˌnɔːt, -ˌnɑt/ noun C


a person who is trained for traveling in spacecraft


a person who is trained for traveling in spacecraft

فضانورد

Word formation astrology /əˈstrɑl·ə·dʒi/ noun U

the ancient practice of studying the movements and positions of the sun, moon, planets, and stars in the belief that they influence human behavior

astronomy /əˈstrɑn·ə·mi/ noun U science

the scientific study of the universe as a whole and of objects that exist naturally in space, such as the stars

astronomical /ˌæs·trəˈnɑm·ɪ·kəl /adjective

astronomer /əˈstrɑn·ə·mər/ noun C

astronaut /ˈæs·trəˌnɔːt, -ˌnɑt/noun C

sample /ˈsæm·pəl/

sample /ˈsæm·pəl/ noun C / verb T


a small amount of something which shows what the rest is or should be like, small group of people



a free sample



a free sample

a blood/tissue sample



a free sample


The booklet contains sample questions and answers.



a free sample



to take or try a small amount of something



a free sample




He sampled a little of each dish.



a free sample




He sampled a little of each dish.

نمونه ، نمونه گرفتن

voyage /ˈvɔɪ·ɪdʒ, ˈvɔː·ɪdʒ/

voyage /ˈvɔɪ·ɪdʒ, ˈvɔː·ɪdʒ/ noun C


a long trip, esp. by ship



to make or take a voyage; travel; journey.




Christopher Columbus brought cattle on his second voyage to America in 1493.




Christopher Columbus brought cattle on his second voyage to America in 1493.

مسافرت دریای طوالنی ، مسافرت دریایی رفتن

Voyager I , IIVoyager I Voyager II

Voyager I , II

Voyager I , II

Voyager I , II

Voyager I , II one of a series of U.S. space probes that

obtained scientific information while flying by

the planets Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus.

2و 1وویجر

probe /proʊb/

probe /proʊb/ noun C


a careful and detailed examination



The probe explored allegations of corruption in the police department.



The probe explored allegations of corruption in the police department.

جستجوی دقیق

Space probe

galileo

Space probe

magellan

Space probe

pioneer

Space probe

Rover

Space probe

Rover

Space probe

Viking

Other forms probe proʊb verb I/T

to search into or examine something

I Investigators are probing into new evidence in the case.

T Using a special instrument, the doctor probed the wound for the bullet.


probing /ˈproʊ·bɪŋ/ adjective

(of a question) difficult to answer without telling the truth

probing questions

robot /ˈroʊ·bɑt, -bət/








robot /ˈroʊ·bɑt, -bət/ noun C


a mechanical device that works automatically or by computer control



Industrial robots are replacing people.




robotic /roʊˈbɑt ̬·ɪk/ adjective





He spoke in a robotic monotone.






robotics /roʊˈbɑt ̬·ɪks/ noun U






robotics /roʊˈbɑt ̬·ɪks/ noun U

the science of designing and operating robots

vehicle /ˈviːˌhɪk·əl, ˈviː·ɪ·kəl/







vehicle /ˈviːˌhɪk·əl, ˈviː·ɪ·kəl/ noun C


something used to transport people or goods, esp. something used on land or roads



an underwater vehicle




vehicular /viːˈhɪk·jə·lər/ adjective





Pedestrian and vehicular traffic in the neighborhood have both increased.





Pedestrian and vehicular traffic in the neighborhood have both increased.

وسیله نقلیه

beyond /biːˈɑnd /

beyond /biːˈɑnd / preposition, adverb


farther away in the distance than sth, outside or after a stated limit , more than



Beyond the river was a small town.




From the top of the hill we could see our house and the woods beyond.





Few people live beyond the age of a hundred.






I’ve got nothing to tell you beyond what I said earlier.






I’ve got nothing to tell you beyond what I said earlier.

My job goes beyond teaching facts – my aim is to get children to think for themselves.

beyond /biːˈɑnd / preposition, adverb farther away in the distance than sth, outside or

after a stated limit , more than Beyond the river was a small town. From the top of the hill we could see our house

and the woods beyond. Few people live beyond the age of a hundred. I’ve got nothing to tell you beyond what I said

earlier. My job goes beyond teaching facts – my aim is to

get children to think for themselves. پشت ، ورای ، بیش از ، بیش از حد

further /ˈfɜr·ðər/

further /ˈfɜr·ðər/ adjective, adverb


1- to a greater distance in space or time;



comparative of far (DISTANCE )




I can’t run any further.





Read a little further and it will begin to make sense.






2- more, extra, or additional; comparative of far (AMOUNT)







Call your local library for further information.







Call your local library for further information.

دورتر ، بیشتر

Viking I

Viking II

Hubble Space Telescope




Edwin Hubble

Edwin Hubble

unit /ˈjuː·nət/

unit /ˈjuː·nət/ noun C


a single item or a separate part of something larger, a small machine or part of a machine that has a particular purpose



The first year of the course is divided into four units.




This apartment building has 60 units (separate apartments) .





the central processing unit of a computer





the central processing unit of a computer

واحد ، قسمت

International Space Station(ISS)





era /ˈɪr·ə, ˈer·ə, ˈiː·rə/

era /ˈɪr·ə, ˈer·ə, ˈiː·rə/ noun C


a period of time known for particular events or developments



She was one of the more remarkable women of her era.



She was one of the more remarkable women of her era.

دوره

mass /mæs/

mass /mæs/

mass /mæs/

mass /mæs/ noun C physics


the amount of matter in any solid object or in any volume of liquid or gas


the amount of matter in any solid object or in any volume of liquid or gas

جرم ، توده

Material /məˈtɪr·iː·əl/

Material /məˈtɪr·iː·əl/ noun C


a type of physical thing, such as wood, stone, or plastic, having qualities that allow it to be used to make other things



a hard/soft material




The sculpture was made of various materials, including steel, copper wire, and rubber




The sculpture was made of various materials, including steel, copper wire, and rubber

ماده

Word formation material /məˈtɪr·iː·əl/ noun C

materialism /məˈtɪr·iː·əˌlɪz·əm/noun U social studies

the belief that money, possessions, and comfort are the most important things to obtain in life

materialistic /məˌtɪr·iː·əˈlɪs·tɪk /adjective

I was a materialistic person, very career-oriented, with a large ego.

materialize /məˈtɪr·iː·əˌlɑɪz/ verb I

1- (of ideas and wishes) to become real or true

2- appear suddenly

base /beɪs/

base /beɪs/ noun C / verb


the place from which a business operates or a person works , a place from which the military operates that provides weapons storage and housing



We have an office in San Diego, but Washington is still our base.




The military has bases all over the US.





Where is your company based?





Where is your company based?

پایگاه ، بنا نهادن

run /rʌn/

run /rʌn/ verb I/T running ,pt: ran , run


to manage or operate sth, control= راه انداختن



T She runs the business out of her home.




I She left the engine running while she went into the store.





T Can you run both of these programs at once?






T They’re running tests on his heart functions.







running /ˈrʌn·ɪŋ/ noun U








the management or operation of something








the management or operation of something

The running of a large household is not easy.

Pole /poʊl/

Pole /poʊl/

Pole /poʊl/

Pole /poʊl/

Pole /poʊl/ noun C

Pole /poʊl/ noun C

either of the two points at the most northern and most southern ends of the earth or another planet, around which the planet turns

Pole /poʊl/ noun C


the North/South Pole

Pole /poʊl/ noun C



polar /ˈpoʊ·lər/ adjective

Pole /poʊl/ noun C




of or near the area around the most northern or most southern points of the earth

Pole /poʊl/ noun C





the polar ice cap

Pole /poʊl/ noun C





the polar ice cap

a polar expedition

Pole /poʊl/ noun C





the polar ice cap

a polar expedition

قطب ، قطبی

mineral /ˈmɪn·ə·rəl/





mineral /ˈmɪn·ə·rəl/ noun C


a substance that exists naturally in foods, water, or the ground, and is not a living organism



a natural substance such as coal, gold, or diamond STONE that is obtained from the earth by mining



a natural substance such as coal, gold, or diamond STONE that is obtained from the earth by mining

مواد معدنی

Word formation mine /mɑɪn/ noun C

a deep hole in the ground made for the removal of coal and other substances by digging

a gold mine mine /mɑɪn/ verb I/T

Take out minerals from a mine They mine copper in this area. miner /ˈmɑɪ·nər/ noun C

a person who works in a mine mining /ˈmɑɪ·nɪŋ/ noun U

the industry or activity of removing coal and other substances from the earth

microscope /ˈmɑɪ·krəˌskoʊp/





microscope /ˈmɑɪ·krəˌskoʊp/ noun C


a device that makes very small objects look larger, esp. so that they can be scientifically examined and studied



میکروسکوپ



میکروسکوپ

microscopic /ˌmɑɪ·krəˈskɑp·ɪk/ adjective



میکروسکوپ


extremely small, esp. so small that it can only be seen with a microscope



میکروسکوپ


extremely small, esp. so small that it can only be seen with a microscope

میکروسکوپی

Consider /kənˈsɪd·ər/

Consider /kənˈsɪd·ər/ verb T


to think about a particular subject or thing or about doing something or about whether to do something



Consider Clara Barton, who founded the American Red Cross.




We considered moving to California, but decided not to.





We have to consider what to do next.





We have to consider what to do next.

توجه کردن ، فکر کردن

Word formation Consider /kənˈsɪd·ər/ verb T

consideration /kənˌsɪd·əˈreɪ·ʃən/ noun C/U

considering /kənˈsɪd·ə·rɪŋ/ preposition,

conjunction, adverb

considerably /kənˈsɪd·ə·rə·bli/ adverb

considerable /kənˈsɪd·ə·rə·bəl/ adjective

considerate /kənˈsɪd·ə·rət/ adjective

agency /ˈeɪ·dʒən·si/

agency /ˈeɪ·dʒən·si/ noun C


a business acting for or representing a person, an organization, or another business, a government organization



an advertising/employment agency




a real estate agency





federal agencies





federal agencies

the Environmental Protection Agency





federal agencies

the Environmental Protection Agency

آژانش ، سازمان

agent /ˈeɪ·dʒənt/ noun C

a person who acts for or represents another

someone who works secretly for a government or other organization

a travel agent

He is the agent for several of the highest paid players in baseball.

a secret agent

an undercover agent

نماینده ، مامور

rocket /ˈrɑk·ət/




rocket /ˈrɑk·ət/ noun C / verb I/T


a cylindrical device containing material that explodes, sending the device through the air



to travel by rocket, or to rise, increase, or move very quickly




The rocket was launched yesterday.





T The astronauts were rocketed into space.





T The astronauts were rocketed into space.

راکت ، با راکت به مسافرت رفتن

orbit /ˈɔːr·bət/





orbit /ˈɔːr·bət/ noun C/U / verb I/T


1- the curved path through which objects in space move around a planet or star that has gravity a pulling force



2- the path an electron takes around the nucleus (central part of an atom).




3- the round hollow area surrounding the eye.




3- the round hollow area surrounding the eye.

مدار ، چرخیدن در مدار

direct /dəˈrekt, dɑɪ-/

direct /dəˈrekt, dɑɪ-/ verb T always + adv/prep


1- to aim sth in a particular direction or at particular people



His criticism was directed at everybody who disagreed with him.




2- to show someone the particular way to get somewhere





Can you direct me to the nearest bus stop?





Can you direct me to the nearest bus stop?

هدایت کردن

remain /rɪˈmeɪn/

remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ verb


1- to stay in the same place or in the same condition



The doctor said he should remain in bed for a few days.




She remained silent.





2- continue to exist when other parts or things no longer do





2- continue to exist when other parts or things no longer do

ماندن

Other forms remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ verb

remainder /rɪˈmeɪn·dər /noun C usually singular

the part that is left after the other parts are gone, used, or taken,

the amount left when one number cannot be exactly divided by another.

remaining /rɪˈmeɪ·nɪŋ/ adjective

remains /rɪˈmeɪnz/ plural noun

dead body.

Rescue workers searched the remains of the house.

Disturb /dɪˈstɜrb/

Disturb /dɪˈstɜrb/ verb T


INTERRUPT : to cause sb to stop what he/she is

doing, or to interrupt an activity




WORRY: to cause sb to feel troubled or upset





This year’s election campaign has disturbed a lot of voters who don’t like either candidate.





This year’s election campaign has disturbed a lot of voters who don’t like either candidate.

رنجاندن ، اخالل ایجاد کردن ، متوقف کردن

Word formation disturb /dɪˈstɜrb/ verb T

disturbing /dɪˈstɜr·bɪŋ/ adjective

disturbance /dɪˈstɜr·bəns/ noun U

disturbed /dɪˈstɜrbd/ adjective = confused

roommate /ˈruːm·meɪt, ˈrʊm-/

noun C

a person with whom you share a room, apartment, or house

هم اتاقی

Classmate

To be continued

…….

Education

Eb4voc les6