Postgraduate Course

Evidence based management:What is it?

Postgraduate Course

Evidence?

outcome of scientific research, organizational facts & data,

benchmarking, best practices, collective experience, personal

experience, intuition

Postgraduate Course

All managers base their decisions on ‘evidence’

Postgraduate Course

However ...

Postgraduate Course

Many managers pay little or no attention to the

quality of the evidence they base their decisions on

Postgraduate Course

Trust me, 20 years of management experience

SO ...

Postgraduate Course

Teach managers how to critically evaluate the validity,

and generalizability of the evidence and help them find ‘the best available’ evidence

Postgraduate Course

Evidence-based decision

Postgraduate Course

EBP is a means to improve decision quality.

It’s a career, not a course.

Postgraduate Course

Evidence-based practice:

Focuses on the decision making process

Thinks in terms of probability (instead of golden bullets).

Postgraduate Course

Multidisciplinary: Incorporate and aggregate information from different sources (regardless of their origin)

Adaptable: Update (or change) their decision when newer or better information becomes available

Self-critical: Acknowledge the limitations of their abilities and are cautious not to be overconfident

Cautious: Express their predictions in probabilistic terms and consider multiple options.

Empirical: Rely more on observation than theory

Evidence-based managers are

Postgraduate Course

The 5 steps of EBP

1. Formulate a focused question (Ask)

2. Search for the best available evidence (Acquire)

3. Critically appraise the evidence (Appraise)

4. Integrate the evidence with your professional expertise and apply (Apply)

5. Monitor the outcome (Assess)

Postgraduate Course

Intuition or evidence-based decision?

Postgraduate Course

Chesley Sullenberger, USAIR pilot, has been a visiting scholar at UC Berkeley’s Collaborative for Catastrophic Risk Management since 2007

Does research on how to make decisions to maintain safety despite technological complexity and crisis conditions

1. Use of Scientific Findings

Postgraduate Course

Has written and analyzed aviation accident reports for over 20 years

2. Reliance on Reliable and Valid Organizational Facts

Postgraduate Course

Used Decision Aids to Support Good Decision: As Sully considered what decision to make that day, he had his copilot review and follow all checklists on board relevant to crash landings

Formal Education to Prime His Skills: Sully is a graduate of the U.S. Air Force Academy and holds masters degrees from both Purdue University in Industrial Psychology and the University of Northern Colorado in Public Administration

3. Mindful Decision Making & Decision Awareness

Postgraduate Course

The last person to leave the plane, Chesley Sullenberger twice walked the plane’s aisle to check all passengers were off

Sully’s last act onboard was to grab the passenger list. Used on-shore to verify rescue of all passengers and crew

4. Ethics and Responsibility to Stakeholders

Postgraduate Course

In Sullenberger’s Own Words…

“One way of looking at this might be that for 42 years, I've been making small,

regular deposits in this bank of experience, education and training.

And on January 15, the balance was sufficient so that I could make a very large withdrawal.”

Postgraduate Course

1. Get Evidence into the Conversation2. Use Relevant Scientific Evidence3. Use Reliable and Valid Business Facts

4. Become “Decision Aware” and Use Appropriate Processes

5. Reflect on Decision’s Ethical and Stakeholder Implications

Five Good EBP Habits

Postgraduate Course

1. Set learning goals (2-5)

2. Pre-test: where does learner stand on learning goal before course?

3. Build opportunities for practicing those learnings throughout course (curriculum)

4. Post-test: Measure progress on each learning goal and provide feedback

5. Feedback & Redesign: Use feedback to make course more effective over time

Five Good EBP Teaching Habits