English 83RWeek 7, Day 1October 8, 2013

English 83R Mrs. E. Buchanan

What is an implied main idea?

a. It is a sentence directly stated in the paragraph – the author’ main point.

b. The reader must determine what the author is implying or referring to because it is not directly stated in the paragraph.

c. It is the first sentence of each paragraph.

Please place your homework on the counter after you have clicked in: Habits Ch. 7 comprehension questions.

Please pick up Vocabulary List #5

Agenda

• Vocabulary List #5• Habits, Ch. 7 Questions• Patterns of Organization #1-4• Literature Circle #4 (If time permits)

Vocabulary list #5

• Vocabulary List #5• While I am grading the homework, you will get into very small

groups (approximately 3).• We will count off from 1-10 to determine which group you are in.• You will look up the word that corresponds to the group number

you received.• For example, group 1 will look up “moral,” group 2 will look up

“fickle” and so forth.

• Write one sentence for that word. • Next, you will write the definition and word in a sentence on the

board.

Vocab Clicker Questions

• Of the vocabulary words, pick one that you have not heard of or think may be difficult to understand or remember.

a. 1-2

b. 3-4

c. 5-6

d. 7-8

e. 9-10

Habits Ch. 7 Questions

• We will count off to 7 to create groups. In your groups, you will concentrate on one question only.

• For example, Group 1 will review the answers for question #1 “Why is it that if shoppers start out eating healthy food, they will eventually purchase “Doritos, Oreos, and frozen pizza?”

• Review your answers, determine if you need to add more to your answers. One person from each group will write the answer on the board.

Habit Clicker Questions

• Which question was the most difficult from Habits?

a. Questions 1-2

b. Questions 3-4

c. Questions 5-6

d. Question 7

TRANSITIONS

Transitions

• Authors use two common methods to show connections, or relationships, between ideas.

• These two methods are transitions and patterns of organization.

Transitions

• We all use transition words all the time – everyday - when you have a conversation with someone. You might be talking at the dinner table with your family. You start out talking about your day at school, perhaps your midterm grades and other school related topics. The next thing you realize is that you are now talking about your upcoming spring break vacation. How did you jump topics during your conversation? By using transition words to get there.

Transitions

• The conversation might go like this:

• Mom: How was your day at school, Johnny?

• Johnny: First of all, I went to my English 83R class, took my vocab quiz, and got an A. After class, I went to the library to start working on my essay. Next, I went to lunch with Joey, and finally I went to the travel agency to pick up tickets for our trip to Cancun.

Transitions

• During reading, it is important to pay special attention to transition words.

• These special words show the relationships between ideas within sentences and within paragraphs

Transitions

• Look at the sentences below. Which one is easier to read and understand?

• Naomi was happy to find out that she is having a baby boy. She needs to paint the nursery because the walls are pink. She will have new carpet installed. She will buy a new crib.

• Naomi was happy to find out that she is having a baby boy. First of all , she needs to paint the nursery. Next she will have new carpet installed. Finally, she will buy a new crib.

Transitions

• Sentence number one did not make sense • The addition of the transition words First, next, finally in

the second paragraph makes the situation clear.• Although Naomi is happy to be having a boy, she now

needs to paint, install new carpet, and buy a crib.

Transitions

• Transitions are words or phrases (like first of all) that show relationships between ideas. They are like signs on the road that guide travelers.

• Writers often signal a change in topic with a transition word or phrase that serves as a link or bridge from one thought to the next one.

• Now let’s discuss patterns or organization – through this lesson you will see how transition words are used.

INTRODUCTION TO PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATION

Patterns of Organization

• Write about the things you did 15 minutes before class until now. Write them in order.

• Read what you wrote aloud to each other. (Do this in small groups.)

• What you just created is a “Steps in a Process” Pattern of Organization (we will learn more about this pattern later in the lesson.)

Patterns of Organization

• Writers organize their supporting sentences and ideas in ways called Patterns of Organization.

• Just as transitions show relationships between ideas in sentences, patterns of organization show the relationships between supporting details in paragraphs, essays, and chapters.

• Patterns of organization are structures our minds use all the time.

• All of our thinking and communicating depend on patterns of organization.

We are going to learn seven different Patterns of Organization

• Classification/Division

• Cause & Effect• Comparison &

Contrast• Steps in a Process

• Examples/Illustration• Chronological Order• Listing

Classification/Division

• Classification is the process of organizing information into categories.

• A category is created by noticing and defining group characteristics.

• The categories we create make it easier to analyze, discuss, and draw conclusions.

Classification/Division

• An example of classification is the Porterville College Class Schedule

• http://www.portervillecollege.edu/13fall/index.html• Can you give another example of classification? Discuss

this with the person sitting next to you.

Cause and Effect

• One thing causes another thing to happen.• Cause and effect reasoning gives logical reasons that

answer why or how.• A cause is a reason for something happening; an effect is

the result or outcome.• Transition words: because, thus, therefore, as a result,

for this reason, to explain, consequently, hence, so, affect, accordingly, due to, results in

Cause and Effect

• Narrator: It happened in the days before mail service and telephones. A wealthy farmer took a long trip. When he arrived home, he asked the first field hand he saw what had happened while he was away. This is how their conversation went:

• Field hand: Well, the dog died.• Farmer: The dog died! How?

Cause and Effect

• Field Hand: The horses ran over him when they became frightened and ran out of the barn.

• Farmer: What scared the horses? Why did they run?• Field hand: They were running from the flames when the

barn caught on fire.

Cause and Effect

• Farmer: Good grief! How did the barn catch on fire?• Field hand: Well, sir, flames jumped from the house and

caught the barn on fire.• Farmer: From the house! Did the house burn down too?• Field Hand: Yep, the house is gone too.

Cause and Effect

• Farmer: How on earth did the house burn down?• Field Hand: You see, one of the candles around your wife’s

casket fell over and caught the house on fire.

Cause and Effect

• Because the candles on the wife’s casket fell over the …• House burned down• Because flames jumped from the house the…• Barn caught on fire• Because the horses were scared they…• Ran over the dog

Comparison/Contrast

• A comparison shows the similarities between two or more things.

• A contrast shows the differences.• Comparison and contrast may be seen as separate

patterns of thought; however, they often work together.• Transition words: as, like, similarly, in a similar manner,

likewise, in comparison, in a like manner, both

Comparison Words

In the cartoon above, the word resemble helps show a comparison is being made. Comparison words: but, yet, however, although, nevertheless (p. 227)

Contrast words

Contrast words show that things differ in one or more ways. In the cartoon, the speaker is contrasting two ways to die. Contrast words: but, yet, however; although, nevertheless, instead, in contrast, on the other hand, while, unlike, despite (p. 229)

Compare & Contrast Activity: Lincoln vs. Kennedy

Let’s Review (Get out your clickers)

Which pattern is used to analyze, discuss, and draw conclusions?a. comparison/contrast

b. Cause and effect

c. Classification/division

More Review

The Lincoln-Kennedy assignment was an example of which pattern of organization?a. comparison/contrast

b. Cause and effect

c. Classification/division

And more review

What is the cause and effect pattern of organization?a. One thing causes another thing to

happen

b. It is comparing two different things

c. It is putting items into a category

Patterns of Organization

Which pattern of organization is still unclear to you?a. Classification and division

b. Compare and Contrast

c. Cause and Effect

Homework For Thursday

• Transitions and Patterns of Organization Activity