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EthicsThe difference between

what you have a right to do and what is right to do. –Potter Stewart

Ethos

Credibility as a speaker Aristotle defined it as “good sense and good will

but also good morals.” How important is ethos? How is it created?

Examples of broken trust

http://www.newsadvance.com/opinion/cartoons/trump-truthhttp://quotesgram.com/impeachment-quotes/

Pros and Cons of Ethical Speaking

Responsible decision making

Relationship building

Truthfulness

Respect

Accuracy

Poor decision making

Lack of respect

Lack of trust

Broken relationships individually and societally

Morality versus Ethics

Ethics: deciding what’s right and wrong Morality: choosing what’s right to do in an ethical dilemma For example, stealing a loaf of bread to feed a starving

child

Is compassion greater than truth? Does the ends justifies the means?

• http://quotesgram.com/les-miserables-jean-valjean-quotes/

Most important aspects of ethical speaking

Honesty while avoiding plagiarism Setting and meeting responsible speech goals

Honesty

Identify sources 3 different types of plagiarism

Global: direct copy without attribution Patchwork: a few key words changed but essentially

same Incremental: no citation or recognition of quoted info

Citation guidelines Purdue OWL

Ways to use sources

Summarize: general gist. Most general. Paraphrase: focusing on specific passage or

information. Rewrite with own words and sentence structure

Direct quotation: when exact words matter

Practice

Read the article and do the following: Write a summary of 50 words or less Paragraphrase this passage of paragraph 5: This inequity matters, the report concludes, because

“new research suggests that people are significantly happier living in societies where there is less inequality of happiness.” In other words, we can achieve only so much happiness if our neighbors are miserable. Which raises an intriguing question: Can you redistribute happiness?

Find a direct quote and pretend you are giving a speech where you can include it. Provide enough info so audience can locate source if needed

Responsible Speech Goals

Promote diversity: use gender-neutral language Use inclusive language: “you” versus “we” Avoid hate speech Raise social awareness Use respectful free speech

Ethical listening and feedback

Non-verbals: respectful posture, eye contact,

Critical mindset: absorb and analyze

Fair-minded: listen to whole argument without pre-judging

Respect author’s position while politely and honestly voicing own beliefs

Includes praise and constructive feedback

Use “I” statements: “You’re speech was too short.” “I would’ve liked to know more

about that moment when…”

http://www.smudailycampus.com/lifestyle/health/college-students-and-sleeping-problems

Ethical communication dilemmas Pick on of the following scenarios below and discuss with your group. What

are the ethical issues? How should you react? #1. You and your partners have been working on your final presentation for

weeks. It is due the next day when you find out that some of the data you included is wrong. It’s unlikely anyone, including your group members or the professor, will notice. What should you do?

#2. You attend a political debate on campus. The candidate’s speech contains many ideas that you don’t agree with. How can you be an ethical listener during the speech?

#3. You are preparing to give a speech on a topic and realize that you have lost the citation information for one of your important sources. You can’t seem to find this source again. What would you do to ethically prepare for the speech?

#4. When practicing your speech on influential sports figures, you realize that you refer to the audience, your co-ed classmates, quite often as “you guys.” Is this ethical language use? What changes would you make?