FEED INGREDIENT

BY

AHMAD ABD ELKHABIR (M.SC)

PRODUCT MANAGER

AHMAD ABD ELKHABIR

M.SC ANIMAL NUTRITION

• EMAIL:- A.ABDELKHABIR@KOUDIJSKAPO.COM

AHMAD_KHABIR@HOTMAIL.COM

• MOB:- 00201022209961

00201005546889

• SKYPE:- A.ABDELKHABIR

2

PEOPLE IN TRAINING

3

PRISONER VACATIONER Sponge

INTRODUCTION

POULTRY IN THEIR DIET BASED ON CONCENTRATED FEED AND CAN NOT DIGEST FIBER SO WE

ADDED FIBER FOR BALANCING DIET TO THE CONTENT OF VITAMINS OR OTHER

FOOD DIVISION OF THE RAW MATERIALS

• ENERGY SOURCE (CARBOHYDRATE AND FAT ).

• PROTEIN SOURCE

1. ANIMAL SOURCE (FISH MEAL, MEAT MEAL AND BLOOD MEAL)

2. VEGETABLE SOURCE (SOYBEAN MEAL, SUN FLOWER MEAL AND CORN GLUTEN).

• FIBER SOURCE.

• VITAMINS SOURCES (PREMIX).

• MINERAL SOURCE (LIME STONE, MONO, DI AND BONE PHOSPHATE).

ENERGY

DIFFICULT TO MEASURE AND THERE IS NO GUARANTEE WITH THE FEED.

1. ENERGY IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT GOVERNS FEED INTAKE.

•HIGH ENERGY ---> LOW FEED INTAKE

•LOW ENERGY ---> HIGH FEED INTAKE

2. SOURCES OF ENERGY - EVERYTHING IN THE DIET OTHER THAN MINERALS.

UNITS - CALORIE, OR KILOCALORIE

CARBOHYDRATE

CORN

CORN THE PRIMARY SOURCE OF ENERGY IN POULTRY FEED, BECAUSE OF THEIR CHEAPNESS, AVAILABILITY

AND HIGH DIGESTIBLE RATE. THERE ARE MANY KIND OF CORN WITH DIFFERENT IN PROTEIN PERCENT FROM 8

TO MORE THAN 11%. CORN IS A GOOD SOURCE OF LINOLEIC FATTY ACID. THERE ARE SEVERAL TYPES OF

CORN>>>>

YELLOW CORN

• YELLOW CORN ON THE LARGE AMOUNTS OF BETA CAROTENE PIGMENT CONTAINING

(ALZANTHOVEL), AND THIS IS ARE VITAMIN (A) PRECURSORS. THIS DYE WORKS ON DEPOSITION

YELLOW COLOR IN THE SKIN AND EGG YOLK.

• COMPOSITION

PROTEIN 7.7 %

ENERGY 3350 KCAL/KG

FAT 3.8%

FIBER 2.3%

LYSINE 0.24%

METHIONINE 0.20%

CALCIUM 0.02%

T.PHOSPHORUS 0.26%

WHITE CORN

IT’S LOOK LIKE YELLOW CORN, BUT THEY DO NOT CONTAIN OR CONTAIN SMALL AMOUNTS OF

ALZANTHOVEL, AND THUS ARE NOT A SOURCE OF VITAMIN A.

• COMPOSITION

PROTEIN 8.9%

ENERGY 3350 KCAL/KG

FAT 4.3%

FIBER 1.9%

LYSINE 0.27%

METHIONINE 0.19%

CALCIUM 0.02%

T.PHOSPHORUS 0.23%

MOLASSES

IT IS A BYPRODUCT OF CANE AND BEET SUGAR INDUSTRY. SUGAR CANE MOLASSES CONTAINS 3%

PROTEIN BEET MOLASSES WHILE 6% CONTAIN PROTEIN, BOTH OF WHICH ARE HIGH ENERGY.

PROTEIN 4.4%

ENERGY 1930 KCAL/KG

FAT 0.1%

FIBER 0%

LYSINE 0.02%

METHIONINE 0.02%

CALCIUM 0.75%

T.PHOSPHORUS 0.08%

MILL BY-PRODUCTS

• RICE BRAN IS OBTAINED RICE BRAN AS A

BY-PRODUCT OF RICE USED FOR THE

MANUFACTURE OF HUMAN. IT CONSISTS

OF THE CRUST AND JENIN GRAIN OF

RICE.

• RICE HULLS ARE SOMETIMES USED TO

REDUCE THE FEED CONTENT OF ENERGY

BECAUSE THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE IS

LOW

• WHEAT BROWN CONSISTS OF

APOSTASY FROM THE OUTER SHELL OF

THE GRAIN OF WHEAT.

FATS

FAT SOURCES ARE EITHER AN ANIMAL GREASE PRODUCED FROM ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS

WHICH WE GET FROM THE SEEDS OF PLANTS SUCH AS CORN OIL AND SOYBEAN OIL AND OTHER

OILS USED.

PROTEINS

PROTEINS OF PLANT ORIGIN

PLANT SOURCES ARE MAINLY USED AS A SOURCE OF PROTEIN IN POULTRY FEED. SOYBEAN MEAL

SOURCES OF THE MOST COMMONLY USED. AND ADD ANIMAL PROTEIN SOURCES OR AMINO

ACIDS MANUFACTURER TO ENSURE COVER THE SHORTAGE IN SOYBEAN. MEAL MEANS USING

SEED AFTER OIL EXTRACTION PROCESS THEM AND BE DONE EITHER BY PRESSING OR BY SOLVENT

EXTRACTION.

SOYBEAN MEAL

IT IS A SECONDARY PRODUCT OF THE EXTRACTION OF OIL

CONTAINS 42-50% PROTEIN DEPENDENT ON THE EXTRACTION

PROCESS. THE PRIMARY SOURCE OF VEGETABLE PROTEIN IN

POULTRY FEED BECAUSE OF THE ABUNDANCE OF PRODUCTION

AND HIGH NUTRITIONAL VALUE TO HIM AND THUS USES HIGH

RATES IN FEED BEARING IN MIND MIXING IT WITH SOME

ANIMAL SOURCES OR FISH OR ADDED AMINO MANUFACTURER

ACIDS TO ENSURE COVERAGE FOUND IN SOYBEAN

SHORTAGES SUCH AS (METHIONINE). IT IS WORTH

MENTIONING THAT IT CAN NOT BE USED SOYA RAW

MATERIALS IN ORDER TO CONTAIN THE ENZYME TRYPSIN

INHIBITORS THAT MUST BE DESTROYED BY HEAT OR OTHER

MEANS.

• EXPELLER SOYBEAN MEAL HAS A PROTEIN CONTENT OF 43%, BUT STILL MOST OF THE OIL IN

THE SEED.

• SOLVENT SOYBEAN MEAL THIS IS THE METHOD CURRENTLY USED. AND BY THIS METHOD WE

GET LOW CONTENT OF FAT WHEN COMPARED TO EXPELLER SOYBEAN MEAL AS WELL AS IT

CONTAINS 44% PROTEIN.

• HULLED SOLVENT SOYBEAN MEAL OUTPUT OF THIS METHOD HAVE A HIGH PROPORTION OF

PROTEIN ( UP TO 50%), ENERGY AND LOW IN FIBER (3.5%). YOU CAN USE THIS KIND OF

SOYBEAN MEAL IN THE CASE OF THE NEED FOR HIGH ENERGY FEED, AS IS THE CASE IN

BROILER.`

SOYBEAN ANALYSIS

Soybean 48% Soybean 44%

Protein 48% 44%

Energy 2440 kcal/kg 2230 kcal/kg

Fat 1.2% 1.5%

Fiber 3.2% 7.3%

Lysine 3.18% 2.95%

Methionine 0.72% 0.65%

Calcium 0.27% 0.30%

T.Phosphorus 0.63% 0.65%

FULL-FAT SOYBEAN

• SOYBEAN PRIOR TO OIL EXTRACTION IS REFERRED TO AS FULL FAT SOYBEAN. FULL FAT SOYBEAN

MEAL IS AN ADEQUATELY HEAT PROCESSED WHOLE SOYBEAN. IT CONTAINS COMPLETE AMOUNT

OF OIL AND PROTEIN NATURALLY PRESENT IN SOYBEANS. THEY VALUED AS A GOOD POULTRY FEED

INGREDIENT OWING TO ITS HIGH OIL (18%) AND PROTEIN (38%) CONTENT.

• FULL FAT SOYBEAN MEAL IS PRODUCED BY TWO METHODS 1) EXTRUSION METHOD 2) COOKING &

FLAKING METHOD. IN BOTH METHODS SOYBEANS ARE SUBJECTED TO ADEQUATE HEAT

PROCESSING TO DESTROY ANTI NUTRITIONAL FACTORS (TRYPSIN & CHYMOTRYPSIN INHIBITORS,

HEMI AGGLUTININS/LECTINS, AND SAPONINS) PRESENT IN RAW SOYBEANS. IN FIRST METHOD

GROUND SOYBEANS ARE PASSED THROUGH SPECIALLY DESIGNED EXTRUDERS, WHERE SUFFICIENT

HEAT IS GENERATED BY FRICTION TO DESTROY ANTI NUTRITIONAL FACTORS. USE OF STEAM IS

OPTIONAL IN THIS METHOD. IN THE SECOND METHOD, SOYBEANS ARE CRACKED AND STEAM

COOKED IN AN INDUSTRIAL COOKER AT A PARTICULAR TEMPERATURE & PRESSURE FOR A SPECIFIED

PERIOD OF TIME. FURTHER THE COOKED SOYBEANS ARE FLAKED AND DRIED TO A MOISTURE LEVEL

OF 10%. PRODUCT PRESENTATION IN THE EXTRUSION METHOD IS IN A GROUND FORM WHEREAS

IT COMES IN THE FORM OF FLAKES IN COOKING & FLAKING METHOD.

FULL FAT SOYBEAN ANALYSIS

Full Fat Soybean

Protein 35%

Energy 3750 kcal/kg

Fat 18%

Fiber 6%

Lysine 2.40%

Methionine 0.54%

Calcium 0.25%

T.Phosphorus 0.60%

SUNFLOWER SEED MEAL

• CONTAIN UP TO 40% PROTEIN AND LOW CONTENT OF LYSINE, AND CAN REPLACE 50% OF

THE SOYBEANS IN FEED HAVE UP TO 100% IF ADDED LYSINE.

Full Fat Soybean

Protein 40%

Energy 2084 kcal/kg

Fat 2%

Fiber 12%

Lysine 1.5%

Methionine 0.90%

Calcium 0.40%

T.Phosphorus 0.90%

• THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF CORN GLUTEN MEAL PROTEIN CONTAINING 40 TO 60%, AND THIS

MEAL IS CHARACTERIZED BY ITS ABILITY TO GIVE A YELLOW COLOR TO THE SKIN OF POULTRY

AND EGG YOLKS.

CORN GLUTEN MEAL

Corn Gluten Meal 40 % Corn Gluten Meal 60 %

Protein 40% 60%

Energy 2990 kcal/kg 3690 kcal/kg

Fat 2.2% 2.2%

Fiber 4.4% 2.2%

Lysine 0.8% 1%

Methionine 1% 1.7%

Calcium 0.15 0.07%

T.Phosphorus 0.45 0.48%

SESAME MEAL

• IT IS A GOOD SOURCE OF VEGETABLE PROTEIN CONTAINS 44% PROTEIN AND NUTRITIONAL

VALUE RISES WHEN MIXED WITH SOYBEAN MEAL. LOW CONTENT OF LYSINE BUT THIS

PROBLEM ENDS WHEN MIXED WITH SOYBEAN. WE CAN USED SESAME MEAL BY ONLY HALF

SOURCES OF PROTEIN IN THE FEED AND A MAXIMUM OF 15% OF THE AMOUNT OF FEED

INTAKE.

Sesame Meal

Protein 44%

Energy 2050 kcal/kg

Fat 1.5%

Fiber 7%

Lysine 1.15%

Methionine 1.25%

Calcium 2.2%

T.Phosphorus 1.3%

• BLOOD MEAL :- USED AFTER DRYING AND GRINDING IT CONTAINS 80% PROTEIN AND A

GOOD SOURCE OF THE AMINO ACID LYSINE, AND IS ADDED TO DIETS IN LOW RATES.

• LIVER MEAL :- LIVER POWDER GOOD SOURCE OF PROTEIN, BUT USED LIMITED BECAUSE HIGH

PRICE.

• MEAT MEAL :- A MEAT-FREE DRIED BONE OR CONTAINING A SMALL AMOUNT OF IT AND MUST

CONTAIN A CERTIFICATE OF GUARANTEE MAKE SURE THE LOW CONTENT OF PHOSPHORUS. IT

CONTAINS 50-55% PROTEIN, AND A HIGH PROPORTION OF LYSINE AND LOW IN

METHIONINE, CYSTEINE AND TRYPTOPHAN. ADDITION 5% CAN BE UP TO 10%.

• MEAT AND BONE MEAL :- IT CONTAINS 47-50% PROTEIN, AS WELL AS HIGH LEVELS OF THE

BONE WHICH MAKES IT A GOOD SOURCE OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS. ADDITION 5%

CAN BE UP TO 10%.

PROTEINS OF ANIMAL SOURCE

Blood Meal Poultry Meal Meat and Bone

Meal 45%

Feather Meal

Protein 85% 58% 42% 86%

Energy 2700 kcal/kg 2900 kcal/kg 1820 kcal/kg 2500 kcal/kg

Fat 1.5% 14% 7% 4.5%

Fiber 1% 2% 1% 1%

Lysine 8% 3% 2.11% 2%

Methionine 1% 1.10% 0.53% 0.55%

Calcium 0.3% 3.50% 12.90% 0.26%

T.Phosphorus 0.2% 1.80% 6.10 0.60%

THERE ARE MANY SOURCES OF PROTEIN FISH RANGING FROM THE CONTENTS OF THESE SOURCES OF

PROTEIN FISH USER AND PARTS OF THE FISH THAT HAVE BEEN USED IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE

POWDER AS WELL AS THE PROCESS USED IN DRYING, USING FOUR METHODS FOR DRYING A TYPE OF

PREFERENCE DRYING VACUUM OR STEAM OR DIRECT HEAT OR SUNLIGHT. FISH POWDER IS USED

PRIMARILY AS A SOURCE OF PROTEIN BECAUSE IT CONTAIN A GOOD AMINO ACIDS PROFILE AND FISH

POWDERS CAN BE DIVIDED INTO 3 PARTS :-

• WHITE FISH MEALS:- MADE OF PARTS THAT DO NOT EAT TUNA, WHALES AND LARGE FISH FISH

WHICH IS LOW IN FAT CONTENT.

• DARK FISH MEALS:- IT WAS OBTAINED THROUGH HERRING AND SARDINES FISH WHICH IS HIGH

FAT.

• SHRIMP MEAL:- SHRIMP POWDER IS SECONDARY PRODUCT FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF SHRIMP

CONTAINS ABOUT 43-47% PROTEIN AND CONTAINS CALCIUM THAN THOSE FOUND IN FISH

POWDER, BUT SHALL NOT EXCEED THE SALT CONTENT OF ABOUT 7%.

PROTEINS OF FISH SOURCE

Fish Meal 60% Fish Meal 72% Shrimp Meal

Protein 60% 72% 39.9%

Energy 2900 kcal/kg 3200 kcal/kg 1920 kcal/kg

Fat 9.2% 10% 3.9%

Fiber 1% 0.6% 5%

Lysine 4.4% 5.7% 2.2%

Methionine 1.65% 2.2% 0.82%

Calcium 6.2% 2.5% 7.5%

T.Phosphorus 3.40% 1.8% 1.6%

VITAMINS

FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Vit. A

• Alfalfa

• maize

• Whale liver oil

• industrially produced

Vit. D • Whale liver oil

• industrially produced

Vit. E

• All grain

• Alfalfa

• industrially produced

Vit. K

• Green leaves such as alfalfa

• meat, fish powder

• industrially produced

Vitamin Source

WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Vitamin Source

B1 (thiamin) • Green leaves such as alfalfa

• Grain

• Industrially produced

B2 (riboflavin) • Green leaves such as alfalfa

• Fish Meal

• industrially produced

B4 (pantothenic acid) • Green leaves such as alfalfa

• Peanuts Meal

• calcium pantothenate

B5 (niacin) • Alfalfa

• Fish Meal

• industrially produced

B6 (pyridoxine) • Grain

• Legumes

• Industrially produced

WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Vitamin Source

B12 (cobalamin) • Fish Meal

• Meat Meal

• industrially produced

Folic Acid • Green leaves such as alfalfa

• Soybean Meal

• Industrially produced

Biotin • Green leaves such as alfalfa

• Soybean Meal

• Industrially produced

Choline • Soybean

• Fishmeal

• Choline chloride

• Industrially produced

Ascorbic Acid • Industrially produced

MINERALS

MACRO MINERALS

Minerals Source

Ca

• Rock phosphorus plants produced from phosphate rock contains approximately

34% calcium

• DI calcium from producer of phosphate rock phosphate (after getting rid of

fluorine) or from the bone after a private transaction and containing 23%

• bone powder plants with steam containing 31%

• limestone contain about 37%

P

• Rock phosphorus plants produced from phosphate rock contains about 15%

phosphorus (P).

• DI calcium produced phosphate from the phosphate rock (after getting rid of

fluorine) or from the bone after a private transaction and containing 18% P.

• bone laboratory powder steam contains 14.5% P.

Na

• Salt

Cl

• Salt

MICRO MINERALS

1. MAGNESIUM

2. POTASSIUM

3. SULFUR

4. MANGANESE

5. ZINC

6. IRON

7. COPPER

8. MOLYBDENUM

9. SELENIUM

10. IODINE

11. COBALT

ALL OF THESE SALTS MAY BE OBTAINED SYNTHETICALLY, AND ARE USUALLY VEHICLE WITH EACH OTHER IN

THE FORM OF A MIXTURE WITH VITAMINS AND ADDED TO THE FEED AT A FIXED RATE (FOR EXAMPLE, FROM

2 TO 4 KG PER 1,000 KG).

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

BEST TOGETHER