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About 1,050 people, including more than 200 official climate change negotiators, attended Forest Day 5 on the sidelines of the 17th UNFCCC Conference of Parties in Durban on 4 December 2011. Participants at the discussion forums were asked to vote on a series of questions pertinent to forestry, climate change and particularly REDD+. These are the results from the morning sessions. Forest Day is convened by the Center for International Forestry Research on behalf of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests. The 2011 event was hosted jointly with the Government of South Africa, through the Department of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries.
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17%
42%
12%
3%
26%
0%
1 Private sector
2 NGO
3 Government
4 International organisation
5 Academic/Research
6 Other
Breakdown of audience:Choose the option that best characterizes the organization that you are representing at Forest Day 5:
22%
21%
24%
15%
18%
1 Lack of clear international framework for REDD+
2 Lack of clear national-level strategies and regulatory frameworks to support REDD+.
3 Competition for land for plantation development, agriculture, and mining.
4 Failure to include all stakeholders adequately in decisions about REDD+.
5 Absence of a robust market for forest carbon.
What is currently the most important barrier to design and implementation of REDD+ policies and strategies?
22% 18% 100% 50% 7%
11% 40% 33%
11%24% 50% 33%
12%20%
56% 6%7%
1 Lack of clear international framework for REDD+
2 Lack of clear national-level strategies and regulatory frameworks to support REDD+.
3 Competition for land for plantation development, agriculture, and mining.
4 Failure to include all stakeholders adequately in decisions about REDD+.
5 Absence of a robust market for forest carbon.
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
What is currently the most important barrier to design and implementation of REDD+ policies and strategies?
20%
12%
20%
32%
16%
1 Technical issues associated with establishing baselines and reference emissions levels
2 Carbon measurement issues to convert areas of different activities into estimates of emissions savings
3 Community knowledge of carbon issues and how this relates to lands that they have traditionally been using.
4 Conflicts over use rights to forest resources.
5 Conflicts over sharing of benefits among government agencies, project implementers and/or local communities
Which of the following are the most important obstacles to implementing REDD+ demonstration activities in specific areas on the ground?
37% 23% 20%14%
23%14%
25%14% 60% 14%
13% 26% 20% 29%
25%14% 29%
1 Technical issues associated with establishing baselines and reference emissions levels
2 Carbon measurement issues to convert areas of different activities into estimates of emissions savings
3 Community knowledge of carbon issues and how this relates to lands that they have traditionally been using.
4 Conflicts over use rights to forest resources.
5 Conflicts over sharing of benefits among government agencies, project implementers and/or local communities
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
Which of the following are the most important obstacles to implementing REDD+ demonstration activities in specific areas on the ground?
4%
6%
6%
13%
32%
39%
1 Remote sensing and land use change monitoring2 Identification of sector specific contributions to
deforestation/degradation rates
3 Measuring carbon/forest inventory
4 Spatial land use planning5 Local and indigenous community understanding
of REDD+
6 Governance and legal frameworks
What is the most important area for capacity building to facilitate better implementation of REDD+?
12%
8%6%
12%
11%24%24%
33% 28% 57% 100% 24%
56% 28% 43% 34%
1 Remote sensing and land use change monitoring
2 Identification of sector specific contributions to deforestation/degradation rates
3 Measuring carbon/forest inventory
4 Spatial land use planning
5 Local and indigenous community understanding of REDD+
6 Governance and legal frameworks
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
What is the most important area for capacity building to facilitate better implementation of REDD+?
21%
15%
14%
11%
39%
1 Measurement of the impacts of activities on emissions reductions
2 Analysis of governance, institutions and existing benefit sharing schemes
3 Trade-off analysis of development opportunities to facilitate better spatial planning
4 Analysis of policy processes and documenting success stories to facilitate policy learning
5 Understanding the economics of land use change to design better incentive schemes
What is the most important area where science can contribute to better implementation of REDD+?
40% 25% 18%
10%8% 50% 6%
10%8% 50% 6%
8% 43% 18%
40% 51% 57% 52%
1 Measurement of the impacts of activities on emissions reductions
2 Analysis of governance, institutions and existing benefit sharing schemes
3 Trade-off analysis of development opportunities to facilitate better spatial planning
4 Analysis of policy processes and documenting success stories to facilitate policy learning
5 Understanding the economics of land use change to design better incentive schemes
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
What is the most important area where science can contribute to better implementation of REDD+?
18%
16%
41%
15%
10%
1 Increase bilateral and multilateral investment in "REDD readiness" at the national and sub-national levels.
2 Increase private investment available for REDD+ projects.
3 Accelerate agreement on a financing mechanism for REDD+ in the UNFCCC.
4 Accelerate agreement on social and environmental safeguards.
5 Increase support to research in order to learn lessons from early activities.
What is the most important action that could be taken by the international community to enable countries to address the challenges of REDD+ implementation?
19%14%18%
22%12%14% 50% 6%
67% 46% 58% 50% 35%
19%14%6%
11%4%35%
1 Increase bilateral and multilateral investment in "REDD readiness" at the national and sub-national levels.
2 Increase private investment available for REDD+ projects.
3 Accelerate agreement on a financing mechanism for REDD+ in the UNFCCC.
4 Accelerate agreement on social and environmental safeguards.
5 Increase support to research in order to learn lessons from early activities.
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
What is the most important action that could be taken by the international community to enable countries to address the challenges of REDD+ implementation?
Thank you.
10%
35%
7%
24%
21%
3%
1 Private sector
2 NGO
3 Government
4 International organisation
5 Academic/Research
6 Other
Breakdown of audience:Choose the option that best characterizes the organization that you are representing at Forest Day 5:
25%
65%
10%
1 Not at all
2 Somewhat
3 Very well
To what extent do REDD+ negotiators recognize the importance of landscape approaches in REDD+?
18%18%30%30%14%14%24%24%27%27%
82%82% 53%53% 43%43% 71%71% 64%64% 100%100%
17%17%43%43%5%5%9%9%
1 Not at all
2 Somewhat
3 Very well
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
To what extent do REDD+ negotiators recognize the importance of landscape approaches in REDD+?
33%
19%
28%
20%
1 As strategies for addressing drivers of deforestation and forest degradation
2 As an integral part of a REDD+ mechanism
3 Both a and b above
4 Such activities should be included in a separate mechanism
To what extent do REDD+ negotiators recognize the importance of landscape approaches in REDD+?
34% 37% 29% 30% 31%
33% 19% 29% 15%23% 50%
33% 33% 42% 25% 23%
11% 30% 23% 50%
1 As strategies for addressing drivers of deforestation and forest degradation
2 As an integral part of a REDD+ mechanism
3 Both a and b above
4 Such activities should be included in a separate mechanism
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
To what extent do REDD+ negotiators recognize the importance of landscape approaches in REDD+?
3%
18%
79%
1 Not at all
2 A little
3 Substantially
Should REDD+ funds be invested in agroforestry, afforestation and reforestation as part of strategies for achieving REDD+?
3%4%5%
24%43%9%27%
100% 73% 57% 87% 68% 100%
1 Not at all
2 A little
3 Substantially
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
Should REDD+ funds be invested in agroforestry, afforestation and reforestation as part of strategies for achieving REDD+?
16%
41%
7%
18%
18%
1 Lack of finance
2 Exclusion of agriculture from the CDM and REDD+
3 Lack of technical capacity by program implementers
4 UNFCCC negotiations and procedures
5 Rights and ownership issues (land, trees, and carbon tenure)
Which of the following has been the greatest challenge for the inclusion of agroforestry in climate change mitigation strategies so far?
18%31%5%14%
64% 21%17% 50% 40% 100%
12%5%5%
21%33%25%23%
18%15% 50% 15%18%
1 Lack of finance
2 Exclusion of agriculture from the CDM and REDD+
3 Lack of technical capacity by program implementers
4 UNFCCC negotiations and procedures
5 Rights and ownership issues (land, trees, and carbon tenure)
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
Which of the following has been the greatest challenge for the inclusion of agroforestry in climate change mitigation strategies so far?
20%
8%
7%
65%
1 Intensification of production through agroforestry as a strategy to reduce deforestation
2 Increased timber production on-farms / in woodlots as a strategy to reduce forest degradation
3 Increased fuelwood production on-farm / in woodlots as a strategy for reducing forest degradation
4 Landscape approaches as a means to enhancing synergies between mitigation and adaptation (e.g. ecosystems, biodiversity and livelihood benefits)
Which of the following is likely to be the most useful contribution to REDD+ landscape approaches?
30%21%14%18%18%
20%3%14%14%
20%6%14%
30% 70% 72% 68% 68% 100%
1 Intensification of production through agroforestry as a strategy to reduce deforestation
2 Increased timber production on-farms / in woodlots as a strategy to reduce forest degradation
3 Increased fuelwood production on-farm / in woodlots as a strategy for reducing forest degradation
4 Landscape approaches as a means to enhancing synergies between mitigation and adaptation (e.g. ecosystems, biodiversity and livelihood benefits)
Private sector
NGO
Government
International organisation
Academic/Research
Other
Which of the following is likely to be the most useful contribution to REDD+ landscape approaches?
Thank you.
22%
26%
18%
6%
28%
0%
1 Private sector
2 NGO
3 Government
4 International organisation
5 Academic/Research
6 Other
Breakdown of audience:Choose the option that best characterizes the organization that you are representing at Forest Day 5:
32%
50%
12%
5%
1%
1 Strongly agree
2 Agree
3 Neither agree nor disagree
4 Disagree
5 Strongly disagree
Knowledge: I am informed about and understand well the debate about reference levels in REDD+.
64%
29%
5%
1%
1%
1 Strongly agree
2 Agree
3 Neither agree nor disagree
4 Disagree
5 Strongly disagree
Perceived relevance: Reference levels are essential for moving forward with REDD+
12%
38%
20%
26%
4%
1 Very rigorous and consistent across all countries
2 Developed by each host country using historic deforestation rates and modified for expected development pathways with common parameters
3 Adapted to specific country situations without common parameters
4 Progressively rigorous as countries move from phase 1 to phase 3 of REDD+ implementation.
5 Other modalities
Modalities: Methods for establishing reference levels should be:
1 Primarily by REDD+ recipient countries
2 Primarily by REDD+ financiers
3 Primarily by an international agency working with both parties
4 Progressively accountable to the international community as countries move from phase 1 to phase 3 of implementation
5 Other arrangements
Institutional set-up: REDD+ recipient countries’ performance vis-a-vis agreed-upon reference levels should be monitored:
