GOVERNMENT POLICY SINCE- 2000

Industrial Policy Education policyPopulation policy

INDUSTRIAL POLICY

Introduction

INDUSTRIAL POLICY

The World Bank (1992) has provided a working definition of industrial policy as “government efforts to alter industrial structure to promote productivity based growth.”

Industrial policy is probably the most

important document , which indicates the relationship between government and business.

4

1)1. RISE IN INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION :- Removal of quantitative restrictions on imports.

2)DECLINE IN ROLE OF PUBLIC SECTOR:- Disinvestment process converted many of the existing public sector enterprises into non- governmental enterprises.

TWO MAJOR REFORMS THAT TOOK PLACE FROM THE YEAR 2002 WERE:

INDUSTRIAL GROWTH RATES ANNUALLY :

2002-03 : 6.8 percent

2003-04 : 7.9 percent

2004-05 : 8.9 percent

2005-06 : 8.2 percent

2006-07 : 10.6 percent

OBJECTIVE BY 2000 1. Accelerate development of the

backward areas of the State.

2. Creation of large scale employment opportunities to absorb the swelling ranks of unemployed.

3. Increase the total flow of investment to industrial sector.

4. Increase the development of infrastructure and human resources to sustain the long term growth.

5. Achieving sustainable development.

6. Encouraging entrepreneurship and developing technology to promote Swedishi Spirit.

APPROACH

In the present climate of economic liberalisation and globalisation, the State approach needs to be radically different from what it has been till now. The licence regime imposed certain limitations in the approach and this resulted in each State competing with other States in the country for attracting more investment to that State.

Multinationals are trying to set up their production facilities in the country and the Indian companies are trying to upgrade their processes and products to become internationally competitive.

Gujarat should try to benchmark itself vis-a-vis those regions and not merely be content in competing with the other States in the country in attracting investments. With this approach, Gujarat should be able to take the lead in rapid economic change in the country Strategy

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT:- Government will give specific emphasis

on infrastructure development, particularly in backward areas. The State has already set up Gujarat Infrastructure Development Board under the chairmanship of Hon. Chief Minister to allow single point quick permission of infrastructure development projects with private sector participation.

LAND LAWS Easy availability of the right type of

land is a crucial factor in the location of an industrial unit. The State Government will introduce suitable amendments in the present land laws to make land available for setting up industry without protracted paper work and delay.

LAND USE PLANNING AND ZONING With rapid industrialisation and

urbanisation of Gujarat, in order to ensure easy availability of land. Government intends to introduce the concept of land use planning to ensure optimum utilisation of land. Government will try to ensure that rich agricultural land is not diverted for the purpose of industry.

POWER Gujarat has been fortunate enough to be in a

reasonably comfortable position as far as availability of power is concerned. Demand for power has been growing at a rate of 8% to 10% per annum. Apart from requirement of power in the industrial sector, consumption of energy has been growing at a rapid rate in domestic, commercial and agricultural sectors. The State Government has taken the initiatives of promoting new generating capacities with projects totalling 3000 MW in various stages of

implementation.

NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY- 2000

INTRODUCTION

In common parlance, population refers to the total number of people living in a place.

thus, population of india means the total number of people living in india.

There was a time when growth in population was considered desirable.

There are still certain countries (example, Australia),which give incentives to people to have large families and hence have big population of the country.foe the, more numbers of persons is desirable as.....

MEANING OF POPULATION:-

Its provides work forces to produce.

It provides market for the product produced.

It may promote innovation ideas.

It may promote division of labour and specialisation .

However, there are countries (example, india) for whom more number of person id not desirable

as.....

CONT......

There may not be adequate jobs to absorb additional people.

They put pressure on means of subsistence.

They put pressure on social overheads (hospitals, schools, roads etc....)

CONT.......

They may result in increased consumption and reduced saving and hence slow down capital formation.

Actually, whether a big and growing population is an asset or a liability for the economy depends upon economy to economy.

CONT......

High birth rate

Lower death rate

Immigration

CAUSES OF THE RAPID GROWTH OF POPULATION

Measures formulated by a range of social institutions including Government which may influence the size, distribution or composition of human population (Driver,1972).

A deliberate effort by a national government to influence the demographic variables like richness, humanity and migration (Organski & Organski,1961)

A set of Coordinated laws aimed at reaching some demographic goal (Biurgeois-Pichat,1974)

WHAT IS POPULATION POLICY?

On 11th May, 2000, India had 1 billion (100 crores) people, i.e., 16 percent of the world’s population on 2.4 percent of the globe’s land area.

If current trends continue, India may overtake China by 2045, to become the most populous country in the world.

Global population : ↑ 3 folds during this century (from 2 to 6 billion)

NEED FOR POPULATION POLICY IN INDIA

Population of India : ↑ nearly 5 times (from 238 million to 1 billion), during the same period.

Stabilizing population is an essential requirement for promoting sustainable development with more equitable distribution .

With a view to encourage two-child norm and stabilizing population by 2046 A.D. the Government adopted the National Population Policy (NPP-2000). The following are the main features of the NPP.

Address the unmet needs for Indian citizens.

Make school education up to age 14 free and compulsory, and reduce dropouts at primary and secondary school levels to below 20 per cent for both boys and girls.

NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY, 2000

Reduced infant mortality rate to below 30 per cent 1000 live births.

Reduce maternal mortality ratio to below 100 per 1,00,000 live births.

Another important feature of the policy is to attain universal immunisation of all children against preventable diseases.

Promote delayed marriage for girls, not earlier than age 18 and preferably after 20 years of age.

CONT......

Achieve 80 per cent institutional deliveries and 100 per cent deliveries by trained persons.

NPP 2000 also emphasizes the role of Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddh and Homeopathy (AYUSH) medicine system to serve the goals of public health.

The NPP 2000 strived to change the mindsets of people from base level. Its intense focus on women empowerment has led to improvement in many national statistics.

Prevent and control communicable diseases.

CONT......

EDUCATION POLICY- 2000

Introduction

WHAT IS EDUCATION? Education in its general sense is a

form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or research.

Education is “ Preparing a person to face everyday life”.

34

SCHOOL EDUCATION10+2 Pre primary (FOR 1 YEAR)

Primary (GRADE 1-5)

Middle (GRADE 6-8)

Secondary (GRADE 9-10)

Senior Secondary (GRADE 11-12)

EDUCATION TODAY Today’s education system in India is

challenging but needs some changes.

The education system in India puts more emphasis on the theoretical knowledge than the practical.

The Quality of the Education must be improved rather than the Quantity

PROBLEMS OF INDIA'S EDUCATION SYSTEM

Unplanned expansion of higher education.

Neglect of primary education.

Low standard of education.

Large number of unemployed educated people.

CONT..... Lack of infrastructure in many rural schools –

absence of rooms, blackboard, teachers, water etc.

Inadequate number of institutions which can impart education through correspondence or in the evening.

Large -scale migration of educated people to the developed western countries.

NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION

The National Policy on Education (NPE) is a policy formulated by the Government of India to promote education amongst India's people. The policy covers elementary education to colleges in both rural and urban India. The first NPE was promulgated in 1968 by the government of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, and the second by Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1986.

HISTORY OF NPE

Since the country's independence in 1947, the Indian government sponsored a variety of programmes to address the problems of illiteracy in both rural and urban India. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, India's first Minister of Education, envisaged strong central government control over education throughout the country,

The Union government established the University Education Commission (1948–1949) and the Secondary Education Commission (1952–1953) to develop proposals to modernise India's education system. The Resolution on Scientific Policy was adopted by the government of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister.

VISION & MISSION

Vision : The National Education Policy (NEP), 2016

envisions a credible and high-performing education system capable of ensuring inclusive quality education and lifelong learning opportunities for all and producing students/graduates equipped with the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values that are required to lead a productive life.

MISSION Ensure equitable, inclusive and quality

education and lifelong learning opportunities for all – children, youth and adults – and to promote the realisation the nation’s human potential to its fullest, with equity and excellence.

NPE OF INDIAN EDUCATION - 2000

Expanding early childhood education services to ensure that all pre-school age children aged 4-5 years attain the learning and developmental readiness required for smooth transition to primary education, with particular attention to children belonging to disadvantaged population groups;

Ensuring that young people (15-24 years) and adults (15 years and above) who are outside the formal education system, including those working in the informal sector of the economy, are provided with opportunities to attain skills for employability;

Ensuring that social, regional and gender gaps in education are eliminated and gender equality and girls’ and women’s empowerment are promoted throughout the education system;

Ensuring increased and well-targeted financing for educational development programmes

WHAT WE HAVE TO DO: If the government takes action at least against

some of the challenges mentioned above than the future of student can be improved to a better successful person. As everyone know India has major population as youth, if there is a revolution in present educational system than every student of today may become a successful person in life. If this becomes than no one can stop the future of India, as a developed country from developing country(for past many years).

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS FOR EDUCATION

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)/Right to Education (RTE) National Programme for Education of Girls at

Elementary Level (NPEGEL) Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) for

development of secondary education, launched in 2009.

Inclusive Education for the Disabled at Secondary Stage (IEDSS IEDSS)

Saakshar Bharat (Saakshar Bharat)/Adult Education Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) for

development of higher education, launched in 2013.