Burnham-Moores Center for Real Estate

University of San Diego Master of Science in Real Estate

Presentation

Green Roofs February 26, 2013

Inna

Panchuk

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Agenda

• When? – Historical Background

• What? – Description and Types of Green Roofs

• How? – Technological Description

• Why? – Cost and Benefits of Green Roof Technology

• Policies and Regulations

• Alternative Products

• Recommendations

• Summary

A Glimpse on History

• When it all started…

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

600 B.C.- Hanging Gardens Of Babylon

Viking and Middle Ages -

Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden,

Denmark)

20th Century Timeline

Reinhard Bornkam

1961

1975

The Landscape Research,

Development &

Construction Society,

Germany

Austria,

Hubderwasser Haus

1986

1993

Nine Houses,

Switzerland,

Japan,

Fukuoka Hall

1995

1998

LEED Points

Chicago

City Hall

2001

2003

Ford Cente

r

MI

Chicago Millennium

Park

2004

2008

Bank of America Tower,

New York

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Green Roofs Today

Where are we right now?

Source: http://chesapeakestormwater.net/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/05/2012GreenRoofIndustrySurvey.pdf

Green Roof / Living Roof / Vegetative Roof / Ecoroof

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Sources: http://dcgreenworks.org/programs/rainwater-conservation-and-reuse/green-roofs-2-0/

Extensive (Low- profile/ Ecoroofs)

Intensive (High-profile/ Roof Gardens)

• Soil depth: 3 – 6 inches

• Lighter in weight: 15-50 lb/sf

• Less expensive: $5 - $15/s

• Little or no irrigation

• Low maintenance

• Slopes up to 30 degrees and higher

• Low plant diversity

• Non - accessible

• Deep soil: 6 - 15 inches or more

• Heavy : 35 – 150 lbs/sf

• More expensive : $25 - $40+/sf

• Irrigation system required

• High maintenance (more expertise)

• Relatively flat

• High plant diversity (Park)

• Designed for recreation

Technological

Systems

2. Modular Systems Greengrid, Green Roof Block

1. Complete Systems Soprema, Hydrotech Roofscapes

3. Pre-Cultivated Blankets Sempergreen,

Toyota Roof Garden Co

Benefits: Public

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

1. Reduced Urban Heat Island Profile

Source: http://cnx.org/content/m43321/latest/graphics1.jpg

On an typical summer day, Chicago City Hall green roof

measured almost 80F (40C) cooler than the conventional roof

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Source: Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies

Benefits : Public

• 2. Reduced Air Pollution and Green House

Emissions

• The plants on green roofs can capture airborne pollutants

such as Particular Matter

– 1,000 sf green roof removes about 40 lbs PM = 15 cars’ emissions

• Filter noxious gases.

• Demand on power plants Amount of CO2 and other

polluting by-products

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Benefits : Public

• 3. Stormwater Retention: • Summer: Green roofs retain 70-90% of the precipitation that falls on

them; Winter: 25-40%.

• Act as natural filters

• Decreased stress on sewer systems.

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Source: http://www.greenroofs.org/resources/greenroofvisionfordc.pdf

Comparison of roof runoff for conventional roofs and green roofs

Benefits : Private

• 1. Energy Efficiency

Summer: An extensive green roof reduces the daily energy demand for air

conditioning in the summer by 50% - 75%.

Winter: The additional insulation provided by the growing medium helps to decrease

the amount of energy required to heat the building

Source: Liu K. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation

2. Longer Roof Lifespan •Reduces daily expansion and contraction caused by temperature

fluctuations

•Shields roof from Sun’s harmful UV rays

•Protects from abrasion and physical wear

•Extends service life of underlying waterproofing system

Source: Liu K. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation

3. Sound Insulation •12 cm (5") of growing medium alone can reduce sound by 40 db.

4. Fire Resistance

5. Extra LEED Points •Potential 33 points

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Other Benefits

• Therapy

• Agriculture

• Aesthetics

• Public Relations

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

• Higher Property Value

• Creation of Habitat

• Job Creation

Disadvantages

• Higher Initial Cost

• Higher Maintenance Cost

• Possibility of water leaks

• Lack of expertise

• Lack of knowledge

Case Study: Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs, Portland 2008

Diego

Policies Copenhagen, Denmark

• Green Roofs required for all new buildings with roof slopes < 30

Portland, OR

• FAR Bonus: Developers may build an extra 3 sq/ft per foot of green roof

Toronto, Canada

• Green Roof By-law: Green Roofs required for all new development above 200

sq/m, January 31, 2010.

Vancouver, B.C., Canada

• Port Coquitlam Green Roof By-law: All new commercial and industrial

buildings over 5000 square meters must have a green roof.

New York City

• Bill S7553: one-year tax abatement for green roofs that cover at least 50% of

the available roof space and solar panel installation + direct financial subsidies

Tokyo, Japan

• Green roofs required for 20% of all new flat roof surfaces on government

buildings and 10% of all new flat roof surfaces on private buildings

Alternative Options Cool Roof • Low initial expense

• Virtually maintenance free

• Last 30 to 40 years

• Less benefits

Photovoltaic Roof • Recent drop in prices

• Low Maintenance

• Lasts 25 years

• Only energy savings

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Recommendations

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

1. Create a variety of incentive packages in conjunction with

regulation

2. Energy Star standardized rating

3. Green roof ready construction

4. Combination of different roof types

5. Conduct research and compile performance data

6. Provide technical assistance

(green roof specialist position)

7. Increase education and cultivate a culture of urban

environmental awareness around green roofs

Summary

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Summary More benefits than alternative products:

• Improved stormwater management for buildings

• Reductions to the Heat Island Effect

• Increased health

• Energy conservation and noise reduction

• Reduced demand on the municipal sewer systems and

potential lower fees

• Extension of roof life

• Reductions in air pollution

• Initial and maintenance costs are high

• More research should be done

• Convenient and more affordable construction

materials are needed for lower costs

• Higher public awareness

• Policy support from the government is crucial.

Thank you

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

• Resources suggested for further reading

Green Roofs for Healthy Cities www.greenroofs.ca

Rooftop Gardens Resource Group www.interlog.com/~rooftop/

Greenbacks from Green Roofs Report.

www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/publications/en/rh-pr/tech/01-101_e.pdf

Buildings Innovation

www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/en/burema/himu/buin/buin_009.cfm

Green Roofs for Healthy Cities

<www.greenroofs.org>

Greenroofs.com <www.greenroofs.com>

Chicago Green Roof Program <www.chicagogreenroofs.org>

University Programs:

<www hrt msu edu/greenroof> - Michigan State University

<http://hortweb cas psu edu/research/greenroofcenter> - Penn State University

<www bae ncsu edu/greenroofs> - North Carolina State University

<www stormwater ucf edu/> - The University of Central Florida

<http://commons bcit ca/greenroof/> -The British Columbia Institute of Technology

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

Resources suggested for further reading

• Voluntary Efforts:

<www chicagogreenroofs org>

<www atlantaga gov/mayor/energyconservationgreenroof aspx>

<http://egov cityofchicago org>

<www toronto ca/greenroofs/incentiveprogram htm>

U.S. Department of Energy Federal Technology Alert: Green Roofs

www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/ 36060.pdf

Green Roofs as Urban Ecosystems: Ecological Structures, Functions, and Services

<www.aibs.org/biosciencepress-releases/resources/11-07. pdf>

National Roofing Contractors Association Green Roof Systems Manual

<www.nrca.net/rp/pubstore/ details.aspx?id=450>

Los Angeles Green Roof Resources Guide

<www.fypower.org/pdf/LA_ GreenRoofsResource Guide.pdf>

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego

References

“Green Roof | dc greenworks." 2012. 26 Feb. 2013

<http://dcgreenworks.org/programs/rainwater-conservation-and-reuse/green-roofs-2-0/>

"Green Roofs Benefits and Cost Implications - Sustainable Eastside." 2005. 26 Feb. 2013

<http://www.sustainable-eastside.net/Green%20Roofs%20Report%202.07.05.pdf>

"IGRA • Information on Green Roofs • Green Roof Types." 2008. 26 Feb. 2013

<http://www.igra-world.com/types_of_green_roofs/index.php>

"FAQ's vegetation blankets - Sempergreen." 2012. 26 Feb. 2013

<http://www.sempergreen.com/en/related-info/faqs-vegetation-blankets>

"Green Roof Benefits." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.greenroofs.org/index.php/about/greenroofbenefits>

"Green Roofs | Heat Island Effect | US EPA." 2008. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.epa.gov/heatisland/mitigation/greenroofs.htm>

"Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs - City of Portland, Oregon." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/261053>

"Annual Green Roof Industry Survey for 2011 - Chesapeake ..." 27 Feb. 2013

<http://chesapeakestormwater.net/wp-

content/uploads/downloads/2012/05/2012GreenRoofIndustrySurvey.pdf>

"DDC COOL & GREEN ROOFING MANUAL - NYC.gov." 2008. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/cool_green_roof_man.pdf>

"Green Roof Incentives + Partnerships –The 2010 Resource Guide ..." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.epa.gov/heatisld/resources/pdf/10June2010-SaraLoveland.pdf>

References

Liu, K. and B. Baskaran. 2003. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation

(PDF). National Research Council of Canada. Report No. NRCC-46412.

Peck, S. and M. Kuhn. 2003. Design Guidelines for Green Roofs (PDF) (22 pp, 551K). Canada

Mortgage and Housing Corporation and the Ontario Association of Architects

Beckman, S.; Jones, S.; Liburdy, K. and Peters, C., "Greening Our Cities: An Analysis

of the Benefits and Barriers Associated with Green Roofs". Portland State University,

Planning Workshop, 1997.

"Green Roof Incentives + Partnerships –The 2010 Resource Guide ..." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.epa.gov/heatisld/resources/pdf/10June2010-SaraLoveland.pdf>

"Solar Energy and Green Roofs - Green Roof Technology." 2011. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.greenrooftechnology.com/Solar_PV_Greenroofs>

"Public Display - VSF 2009 Projects." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013

http://www.virtualsciencefair.org/display2003/PublicDisplay2009.asp

"Green Roof Benefits." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.greenroofs.org/index.php/about/greenroofbenefits>

"Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs - City of Portland, Oregon." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/261053>

• "Green Roof Legislation, Policies and Tax Incentives - Green Walls ..." 2009. 27 Feb.

2013 <http://www.myplantconnection.com/green-roofs-legislation.php>

• "Solar Energy and Green Roofs - Green Roof Technology." 2011. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.greenrooftechnology.com/Solar_PV_Greenroofs>

• Zachary Shahan. "Green Roofs & Solar Panels: The Future of Renewable Energy ..." 27

Feb. 2013 <http://cleantechnica.com/2012/07/11/green-roofs-solar-panels-the-future-of-

renewable-energy/>

• "Solar Costs Dependent On Variety Of Factors - Soluxe Solar." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013

<http://www.soluxesavings.com/solar-costs-dependent-variety-factors-a-19.html>

• "An Economic Analysis of Green Roofs: - Sustainable Technologies ..." 2007. 27 Feb.

2013

<http://www.sustainabletechnologies.ca/Portals/_Rainbow/Documents/GR_Econ.pdf>

• "Green Roofs Benefits and Cost Implications - Sustainable Eastside." 2005. 27 Feb.

2013 <http://www.sustainable-eastside.net/Green%20Roofs%20Report%202.07.05.pdf>

Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE

Program, University of San Diego