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Welcome to our tutorial: Guidelines for Oral Presentations. The purpose of this module is to help organize, construct, and present your oral project. You will find tips on how to use your visual aids effectively and how to reduce your speaking anxiety. You will also find a list of things that you should avoid while presenting, suggestions on how to conduct yourself during the presentation and how to prepare for the question and answer session at the end.
Citation preview
Guidelines for
Oral Presentations
University of the Sacred HeartDepartment of Humanities
Center for Language Development Across the
Disciplines LAD
“There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and
learning from failure”
Gen. Colin L. Powell
Objectives
To help with the preparation process of oral presentations and activities
To improve oral presentation skills
How to Focus Your Message
Determine if you want to:
Motivate EducatePersuade Inform
Components of a Presentation
All presentations must have:
An introduction
A body
A conclusion
Organize Your Message Effectively
Determine your topic, and what you will cover
Brainstorm and organize all your ideas
Research - Make sure you are well-informed on your topic
Classify and order your ideas
Emphasize the important elements
Write an Effective Conclusion
Summarize the key points of the presentation
Summarize how to implement solutions
Summarize future predictions based on your persuasion strategies
Creating the Presentation
Make it BIG
If it looks too big on the computer, it’s the perfect size
Keep it SIMPLE
Present the main idea of each concept
Creating the Presentation
Make it CLEAR
Choose an appropriate font, font size, and color
Be CONSISTENT
Use a logical sequence and one format
Preparation
Prepare your visuals in advance
Always make back-up copies
Rehearse a lot (avoid the use of papers or note cards)
Know how to use the technical equipment
Preview the room, and select the layout that is best for your presentation
Advantages of Visual Aids
Enhance understanding of the topic
Help your speech be more impressive, and improve your image
Maintain the audience’s attention and increase their interest
Help build credibility
Add variety
Diversity of Audiovisual Aids
Sketches and Maps
Graphs & Charts
Photographs, Pictures & Slides
Objects, Models or
“Realia”
Posters & Books
PowerPoint Presentations
Audiovisual Equipment
Overhead Projectors
Slides & Transparencies
Handouts, pamphlets,
brochures
Films, videotapes, audio
tapes, music,
CD-ROMs & iPods
Preparing Effective PowerPoint Slides
Use visuals sparingly
Rule 7 X 7Use no more than 7 lines of text per slideUse no more than 7 words per line of text
Restrict the contents of tables and graphs
Maintain uniformity in font style, font size, and bullets
Constructing Effective Visual Aids
Never use confusing abbreviations
The use of periods at the end of the bullets is not necessary
Artistry and sounds do not substitute for content, and they can distract your audience
Select complimentary colors; avoid color clashes
Use fonts like “Sans Serif” or “Times New Roman”
Constructing Effective Visual Aids
Transparencies
Slides
Hand- outs
Title 36 pt 48 pt 24 pt
Subtitles
28 pt 36 pt 20 pt
Body 24 pt 28 pt 16-18 pt
Construction of Graphs
Present one graphper slide
Limit the amount of numbers or figures
No more than 3 curves or horizontal bar lines per graph
40%
13%0%
47%
Excellent Good
Fair Deficient
Reading Comprehension in English
Examples of Font Sizes
This is font 48This is font 36This is font 28This is font 24This is font 20This is font 18This is font 16
The font size of the word below is written in 48.
Overuse of Visual Aids
Attention of audience will be divided
Audience may pay more attention to visuals than to speaker
Avoid slides with too much movement and/or sounds
How to Conduct Yourself During Your Presentation
Be punctual
Stand up, or sit straight
Keep hands in front of you
Maintain eye contact with the audience on all sides of the room
Start the presentation with a smile
Use a conversational tone
Dress neatly and professionally
Use Your Voice Effectively
Speak loud enough to be heard, and be confident
Don’t speak in a monotone
Alternate the rate of your voice
Slow down when emphasizing important points
Pauses can also be used to add emphasis
Drink water to prevent voice problems
Top Ten Mistakes Made by Presenters
No preparation
No presentation objectives
Mediocre first impression
Lack good visuals
Ineffective closing
Lack of enthusiasm
No eye contact
Lack of facial expression
Stays in one place
No audience involvement
Things to Avoid
Corporal Movement
Swinging and moving excessively
Playing with hair
Chewing gum
Clicking the top of a pen
Playing with jewelry
Leaning against something for support
Things to Avoid
SpeakingToo fastToo slowToo low
Arrogance
Fillers (repetitive sounds and phrases)“ah” “um”“and”
Voice
Steps to Reduce Your Speaking Anxiety
Know the roomArrive early Walk around the room
Know the audience
Know, practice, and revise your material
Learn how to relax
Visualize yourself speaking
Realize people want you to succeed
Don’t apologize for being nervous
Concentrate on your message
Turn nervousness into positive energy
Gain experience
How to Control Your Nervousness
Transform fear and nervousness to presentation presence and strength
Breathe deeply and exhale slowly (repeat)
Stretch your muscles (neck, legs, and arms)
Repeat breathing exercise, close your eyes, relax,
feel prepared and ready
Walk the room: feel the space of your success
Greet your audience (Impact them)
Question and Answer Session
Know the background of your topic
Find out if there are any current / recent studies
Know if there is any influence or impact on society / environment / organization
Know the sources on which your research is based
References
4 Important Design Concepts – http://www.kumc.edu/SAH/OTEd/jradel/Effective_visuals/102.html
Preparing EFL Learners for Oral Presentations
Presenters Online http://www.presentersonline.com
References
Overcoming Speaking Anxiety in Meetings and Presentations
http://www.all-biz.com/newroot/Authors.asp?
“Técnicas de Presentación Publicitaria”Prof. Modesto Aguayo, Universidad de Sagrado Corazón
Using Visual Aidshttp://www.askjeeves.com/main/followup.asp?qcat=home&ask=how+can+i+make+a+good+oral+presentation
GOOD LUCK!!!
Prepared by Professors Delia Serrano and Jennifer Soler 2002 Revised by Professor Delia Serrano 2003 Revised by Patricia Kidd 2004 Revised by Prof. Delia Serrano 2005