Hasan Al-Rammah (13th Century)

Born in Syria, al-Rammah was the first Muslim chemist to successfully create and engineer modern explosives.

Hasan al-Rammah described 107 gunpowder recipes.

He improved the gunpowder that was invented in China.

He was the first Muslim to invent Explosive Rockets.

Hasan Al-Rammah (13th Century)

The Torpedo is also invented by Hasan al-Rammah, he showed illustrations of a torpedo running on water with a rocket system filled with explosive materials and having three firing points. 

Hasan Al-Rammah (13th Century)

The first complete purification process for potassium nitrate is described in 1270 by him in his book.

Al-Furusiyya wa al-Manasib al-Harbiyya (The Book of Military Horsemanship and Ingenious War Devices, a.k.a. the Treatise on Horsemanship and Stratagems of War).

Al-Rammah's book is the first to explain the purification procedure for potassium nitrate and described many recipes for making gunpowder with the correct proportions to acheive explosion.

This is necessary for the development of canons. Partington says "the collection of recipes was probably taken from various sources at different times in the author's family and handed down.