HUMAN LEARNING

To take into account:

Theory of classical conditioning

• He did an experiment that demonstrates this theory.

• Every time Pavlov would bring put out the dog´s food he would ring a bell.

• After doing this a certain period of time, Pavlov would ring the bell without presenting food. The dog would salivate just from the sound of the bell.

• The connection the dog made between the bell and the food caused the dog´s association of both things.

Ivan Pavlov

Theory of classical conditioningJhon Watson

• Albert was exposed to a rat, there was not any response.

• Albert was exposed to a loud noise, the baby cried.

• Albert was exposed to the rat with the loud noise, the baby cried.

• Albert was exposed to the rat, the baby cried.

Theory of classical conditioningSkinner

• If parents wish children would not kick a football in the living room; parents have to reinforce this behavior by positive reinforcement for kicking football outside.

• This attitude will be effectively extinguished

Meaningful Learning TheoryAusubel

Memorial reduction to the least common denominator

Too much rote activity, at expense of meaningful communication in language classes could stifle the learning process.

Humanistic TheoryCarl Rogers

Summary

Transfer: is the carryover of previous information to get new one.

Interference: a previous item is incorrectly associated with an item to be learned

Overgeneralization: derive a law r rule or conclusion usually from the observation

INDUCTIVEFrom specific to general

DEDUCTIVEFrom general to specific

Reasoning

APTITUDE: innate ability or skill INTELLIGENCE: capacity for learning, reasoning, and understanding:

How human beings learn: