INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Is the study of HUMAN BEHAVIOR in the work-related aspects of life and the application of knowledge of human

behavior in minimizing human problems at work.

HUMAN WORK IS CONCERNED WITH THE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF

GOODS AND SERVICES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF ECONOMY.

THE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE PAST HUNDRED OF YEARS HAVE BROUGHT ABOUT MAJOR CHANGES IN THE NATURE AND ORGANIZATION OF

HUMAN WORK LIKE MANUAL WORK TO THE PRESENT AUTOMATED WORK THEREBY CREATING JOBS IN THE CREATION AND MAINTENANCE OF

MACHINES. THE CONTINUING TREND TOWARD

AUTOMATION IS FURTHER ALTERING THE NATURE OF MANY JOBS.

PREMISES OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

1. That INDUSTRY should produce those goods and services that fulfill the reasonable needs of consumers considering their physical welfare

and personal values.

2. That it is desirable to increase the effectiveness of human involvement in the production and distribution of

goods and services.

3. That in the PRODUCTION it is desirable to maintain or enhance certain HUMAN VALUES

( health, safety, job satisfaction,etc)

4. That marked disparities between the above objectives and their reasonable

fulfillment are the sources of most of the human problems in industry.

5. That knowledge of and insight into human behavior gained through

psychological research and through experience can help minimize such

problems.

DEVELOPMENT OF IND’L. PSYCHOLOGY

THE EARLY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGISTS WERE CONCERNED ONLY WITH

PROBLEMS OF PERSONNEL SELECTION, BUT THEIR INTEREST

GREW AND EMBRACE OTHER AREAS , SUCH AS ADVERTISING AND SELLING, ACCIDENTS, AND EMPLOYEE RATING PROCESSES.

FOCAL CHANGES IN IND’L. PSYCHOLOGY

Today, considerable interest is added in HUMAN RELATION aspects of Personnel

Management with especial concern for group interaction,supervision and leadership

process, communications and Job Satisfaction.

Parallel to this development during the past decades has been

the development of HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING or simply ERGONOMICS...as it is called in

other countries.

The objective of ERGONOMICS or HUMAN FACTOR ENGINEERING is

to design physical equipment and facilities tailored to human

abilities and limitations.

PSYCHOLOGISTS CALL THIS SEGMENT OF INDUSTRIAL

PSYCHOLOGY as ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY

OBJECTIVE OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

To provide the basis for minimizing some of the human problems in the

industry.

MODUS OPERANDI OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

1.Identification of problems to be treated.

2.The use of various methods of collection and analysis of relevant

data.3.The findings resulting from

these methods and associated analyses.

4. The application of such findings to the problems at hand.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROBLEMS

1.Organizational ineffectiveness2.Inadequate job performance of

people3.High personnel turnover rates

4.Injuties5.Poor employee morale

6.Dissatisfaction7.Controversy and occasional

conflict8.Failure to fulfill the reasonable

needs of consumers

Two Faces Of Industrial Psychology

1. As a RESEARCHER applying Science.

2. As a PROFESSIONAL applying knowledge and insight to solve practical

problems.

Industrial Psychology as a PROFESSION

Examples: CONSULTANTS

PROGRAM DEVELOPERINDIVIDUAL EVALUATION

Consultants:management development

equipment designtraining methods

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT:develop and install training or personnel selection program

INDIVIDUAL EVALUATION:assess potentials of individuals for

specific positions or promotionscounselling individuals themselves

CHAPTER 2BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH

Job Related Behavior As A Factor For PRODUCTIVITY

Job related behaviors vary along two dimensions.

1.QUANTITATIVE – could be measured.

2. QUALITATIVE – could bequalified.

TYPES OF MEASUREMENT OF

VARIABLES FOR BEHAVIOR

1. Nominal Scale – categorized as

male or female, rural or urban(places of residence), job

classification( carpenter, plumber etc.), in

education..degree holder, H.S. graduate

2. ORDINAL SCALE – is used tocharacterize the rank order on

some variable of individual cases in a sample, such as...

Rankings of a group of employees according to job

performance or the ranking of jobs according to pay level.

3. INTERVAL SCALE – it is used to know or

understand human abilities and attributes...

Such as a player’s statistical performance

4. RATIO SCALE – this is used to know the variables of physical measurement

in carrying out various types of job activities.

BASIC RESEARCH STRATEGIES

Importance of Research:#To answer some questions.

#Come up with a possible answer to the result

obtained.

RESEARCH STRATEGY CAN BEDEVELOPED STARTING WITH

THEFOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. What variables need to be studied ?

2. How should these variables be treated ?

3. In what settings should the research be undertaken ?