Issues in agriculture in cambodia

Weekend Class: Room B202, Year 2, semester2Weekend Class: Room B202, Year 2, semester2

Topic : Issues And Solutions Of Agriculture In CambodiaTopic : Issues And Solutions Of Agriculture In Cambodia

Cambodia International Cooperation Institute

Prepared by Group 3

Miss: Hom Rathany

Mr : Tan Chhen Ie

Mr : Chhang Phearum

Miss: Touch Sovanthida

Miss: Heng SreyChou

Miss: Deat Srey touch

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Contents

1. Introduction

2. Objective

3. Cause study

4. Issues of Agriculture in Cambodia

5. Solutions

6. Conclusion

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Introduction

Rice is cultivated primarily through traditional

farming practices by over 80 percent of Cambodian farmers. It is the staple food of Cambodian and is their most important field crop. Rice is mainly produced.

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Objective

helps promote farmers get new Method for develop their agriculture

improving the quality and quantity of yield, farmers are able to increase their income.

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Cause study

- The traditional approach (developing countries)

has been top-down, where agencies involved in formulating the practices train extension staff, and the latter is deployed to agricultural farms to educate farmers.

- Methods of teaching and suggests that with this traditional approach of educating farmers from some developing their countries.

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Issues of Agriculture in Cambodia

1. Poor literacy levels

Cambodia, 77% of adults either have no education or only have primary school level education. In fact, 47% did not even have the opportunity to complete primary education.

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However, with low literacy levels, farmers in developing countries such as Cambodia

may have difficulty reading and following all practices outlined.

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2. Lack of expertise to monitor farmers

Implementing and complying with procedures on a day-to-day basis is not an easy feat as there are many different guidelines to follow at different stages of a crop’s

growth cycle.

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3. Difficulty in reaching farmers Most farms and farmers are wide spread all across Cambodia and physically reaching out and communicating with them can be a challenge..

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In 2010, based on the ASEANGAP, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Cambodia issued Proclamation No. 099 MAFF in the

Production of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables

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4. Farmers’ reluctance to change

farmers are acclimatized to ancient farming habits, they may not be willing to learn the latest farming methodologies.

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5. Educating students of higher learning on good agricultural practices.

- practices associated with growing vegetables- graduation, these students will be attached to various agricultural agencies and they can be sent out to the ground level to train and monitor

Farmers.

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Solution 1. .Liberal and fertilizer

Advise famer to use more fertilizers to ensure greater grain yield. HYV seeds need 70-90Kg of nitrogen/nitrate fertilizers per hectare, compare to only for the traditional seed. So the greatly stimulated the world’s factory production of more fertilizers.

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Solution

2. Education

Education and training on system of rice intensification and pest management should be extended to farmers so as to increase and diversify agricultural productivity and minimize harm to human health and ecosystems.

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Solution

-The farmer know more how to fertilizers

-what kinds of soil suit with the crop

-Using pesticides to resist the diseases and pest such as the rice blast, bacteria blight, steam borer, gall midge, brown leaf, hopper, rugged stunt

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Solution

3. Farm mechanization

Use modern machines in farming. Machine for ploughing, sowing and harvesting were recommended to farms to expedite work and to increase the farmer’s productivity.

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Solution

-Mechanization has been most successful in Japan with their technology.

-Improvement farm mechanization industrial machinery (mills, grain dryers, storage facilities).

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Solution

4.Research

Find the new way how farmers struggle with crop diseases, optimal use of fertiliser and using of modern techniques in rice production. There also appears to be large opportunities in new or improved rice varieties and seed varieties.

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-Agricultural scientists, through their research plant breeding to develop several HYV seeds in the major food grains such as rice and maize.

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Solution

5.The rice export market

-Europe has awarded a preferential status to

Cambodia.

-The private sector has started a number of large investments in milling.

-Large companies, like Indochina Gateway, have entered the country and recently it was announced that the government has eliminated the export license system.

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Solution

6. Extensive irrigation facilities

Development of hydropower dams on the Upper Mekong River and its major tributaries will likely have significant impact not only on aquatic resources,

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water flow and ecosystems as well as associated detrimental effects on the environment, but also on agricultural crop lands, local assets and communities who rely on natural resources for their daily basic needs.

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Solution

7. Credit facilities

- The purchase of rice seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, machines and other farm necessities needs more money. Poor peasants in Cambodia have to fine ways and capitals to cope with their financial needs.

- The government should provides subsidies and commercial banks and finance houses provide credit facilities to enable farmers to benefit from the Green Revolution.

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8. Improved transport network

- Farms products, especially when there is a bumper crop have to be handled by speedy transport network to deliver the products to the local market or the exporting port.

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Solution

- The government should build more roads highways and railways to cope with the greater volume of farm products from the farms.

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Conclusions

The establishment of a national farm credit system, and a radical increase in the titling of agricultural lands, so that the average farmer has adequate access to credit and the ability to invest in production enhancements (equipment, IR seeds, crop inputs, labor, irrigation, grain storage, land improvements), should be made a priority.

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conclusions

Plans for expanding irrigation should be implemented in a gradual sustainable fashion. This means learning from past mistakes and correcting broken, mismanaged, or ineffective systems that already exist.

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Thank you

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