Kapitel 02 Independent characters _ pictograms

Kapitel 02 Independent characters (1)

Pictograms

Independent characters and combined characters

• Chinese characters can be divided into two categories: independent characters and combined characters.

• Independent characters can subdivided into two kinds: pictograms and indicative characters ， and combined characters can be subdivided into two kinds: associated characters and pictophonograms.

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=OjwUfSLGB08KyM&tbnid=5hjwf26XfyYG1M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://cul.shangdu.com/chinacul/20101223/278_159168_2.shtml&ei=I9EwUuKPLImatAarhYHwAw&psig=AFQjCNHqN3RcXgHHkaXI0nZUl4W2rc0sIw&ust=1379017291222712

Chinese charactershàn zì 汉字

combined characterhé tǐ zì

合体字

independent charactersdú tǐ zì

独体字

Pictogramsxiàng xíng zì 象形字

indicative characterszhǐ shì zì

指事字

associated charactershuì yì zì会意字

Pictophonogramsxíng shēng zì

形声字


xiàng xíng Pictograms ( 象形 )

• Pictograms represent in stylized form the things they refer to (such as animals, a person, or objects, etc.)

• Only 5% of all Chinese characters belong to the pictographic kind - stylized drawings of the objects they represent.

• They are of crucial importance to the mastery of the structure of Chinese characters.


rén人 people, person

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=W3UK8bFiRxWm8M&tbnid=pHLv5NsFK0W61M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.china001.com/show_hdr.php?xname=PPDDMV0&dname=41V7C41&xpos=69&ei=OtgwUp2ZFs7CtAbG8oG4CQ&psig=AFQjCNHWqXVIwkDh1TPmFMSPVs2RzdU0mQ&ust=1379019144062084

fū夫 man, husband

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Lo05LefQCnb7BM&tbnid=D1pZR8zS2upBJM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://yhzsshenzhoudadi.blog.sohu.com/226064770.html&ei=i3YwUsquDMWo4gTLl4DQCA&psig=AFQjCNEeBE6-2_XdTFJnL0NWsctrFlVUcQ&ust=1378994169603462

fù父 father

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=JyyX0Vcb1-kxDM&tbnid=1XGFinQUz1HqvM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.hualongxiang.com/simple/?t10056789.html&ei=otowUuzHO5DOsgbY34D4DA&psig=AFQjCNEcW85nKbETHABmzUCWLVs-YHT_iA&ust=1379019791690025

zǐ子

child ， baby

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=LAs3WhGooamqUM&tbnid=Sfub-9Aijx-MPM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.bizhizhuomian.com/waiguopiaoliangyingertupian/197025.html&ei=k9swUvqUOM3FswbQroCICw&psig=AFQjCNGtrG3Tb9Xsrhyms9NQW1iOBw24nA&ust=1379020031149579

nǚ女 woman, girl

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=tHpdUeAvRh9OGM&tbnid=wqGvi2Dlsva-OM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://lib.k618.cn/index.php?doc-view-2462&ei=wdwwUoDHNMnCswbsr4GADQ&psig=AFQjCNH7LfacibmXlAZgNPeMoLmS8blbAA&ust=1379020324132390

mǔ母 mother

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=nPefBeiGr-tFnM&tbnid=sptL04Av5V6dOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://wtyl.beijing.cn/fuwu/sbzl/n214072424.shtml&ei=Gd4wUtb3B4OKtAa0r4HACw&psig=AFQjCNHBW6rGxgXzlcXhTDk1IHu1CI1scg&ust=1379020644736037

kǒu口

mouth

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=deckc5j8rsZmrM&tbnid=Naj19HlusMUI9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://bbs.tiexue.net/post_5518377_1.html&ei=lOAwUummKcHZswaA7YCYCg&psig=AFQjCNHxnZ65E2BvLM_dFA7Q1WDVDgqWTg&ust=1379021323296003

shēn 身 body

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ujA2CwNDNIy69M&tbnid=Q1NrvZ0QwGp0lM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.xm3688888.com/chanke/yunzaoqi/yqbj/8121.html&ei=quEwUtKBAcLtswbjw4DgBA&psig=AFQjCNEeZOYIsClg4Zza0STeU7afXExgGQ&ust=1379021605923153

mù目 eye

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lMoIpMIMElRNNM&tbnid=rW0rlCPx8OZU7M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.boqpod.com/cinematography/8948.html&ei=J-IwUsHjLsnasgbkiYCICg&psig=AFQjCNHXPD4217uT5RMtDQuDy1rGg0gkDw&ust=1379021727397062





http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=C_kuQsfQ_3AcGM&tbnid=O5jywxP6Mx_ovM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://qzhi5.com/knowledge/sh/hufu/15038_9.html&ei=T-IwUqrBA4fIsgbIyoCwCw&psig=AFQjCNHXPD4217uT5RMtDQuDy1rGg0gkDw&ust=1379021727397062

ěr耳 ear

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=R_OavRFCod5s0M&tbnid=DBFFX-RQwmpudM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://zhongyi.baike.com/article-1172433.html&ei=x-IwUvyGLsTMswbDxYG4BA&psig=AFQjCNFDe88QyvIaAC5celp486QLqQx7Mw&ust=1379021891405655

shǒu手 hand

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=dV6J7Gixpf4w_M&tbnid=3FecvmociZWiYM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/72/073efabce103b713.html&ei=XeMwUvLOF8bYsgaJoYHYDw&psig=AFQjCNEl0Bbi1tPFMC8xbcPpbs9gT23tYA&ust=1379021991834566

zú足 foot

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=L0rOwzhfM37rqM&tbnid=WxH-Tb7_iGiSyM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://qing.blog.sina.com.cn/1732803503/67487baf33001xle.html&ei=-OMwUqukIMfKsgbJxoCoCw&psig=AFQjCNHFqV2urFpJLpdras0kTbJtMHLB_Q&ust=1379022179951479

zhǎo

爪 claw

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=T9aod2hfWMXWOM&tbnid=v_S4VcWQT9iM6M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://blog.douguo.com/?p=859&ei=juQwUqiwCsPRtQa5uoFA&psig=AFQjCNEPVWHM0v09aUHBkdk3QRD99pOU4A&ust=1379022342201907

xīn心 heart

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lSwPrTSMw9xs0M&tbnid=RtduSnYPzJ2TDM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.taopic.com/vector/201207/205833.html&ei=HOUwUszxKYTNswaY84DoCw&psig=AFQjCNHfWwWYnVua_amO_9rgdn5RIuhbxQ&ust=1379022480215940

rì日 sun

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=sCNFYR-fgMNrHM&tbnid=M340AwCJlaeTUM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/4/79/ea0f438dc2fd9296.html&ei=ruUwUoavL4iU4AT96oCICw&psig=AFQjCNEk9H8giwScObZV_alDK5VCf84yGw&ust=1379022629463148

yuè月 moon

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=3mWu0qD2PjvveM&tbnid=D4_p93eIa_n7CM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.keichun.edu.hk/%E6%9D%8E%20Sir%20%E5%9C%96%E5%BA%AB/album/%E5%A4%A7%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%20Nature/slides/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE%203.html&ei=yecwUuL6LcLf4QT-noD4DA&psig=AFQjCNE95Cigw6LUvjg_DKWv9F6LO0NTpw&ust=1379023116798187

huǒ火 fire

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Fr_TGv1AKQQQ4M&tbnid=JZpUVNs50XZ6gM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.baiyjk.com/health/200911/FI0000008930.html&ei=eOgwUvXtBY324QTTh4HoBw&psig=AFQjCNHQ6VDoYfCd7UBOS40UtItucjYSPA&ust=1379023282525262

jǐng 井 well

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=45O6xnrPv6-dNM&tbnid=tM7XmGDj95z1KM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.cgmol.com/mol/8/20120322/2360527514.html&ei=DekwUo6NDono4QTcooHoBw&psig=AFQjCNGrCCA83dquVK8Ge1U3v5k7XnS0QA&ust=1379023430560598

shān山 mountain

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=4dx3yx0_3TxXFM&tbnid=1pmEsIOkh_FXfM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/47/4597128k046a7e84.html&ei=oekwUvLmLvSk4ASItIHQAg&psig=AFQjCNGFkZ8TAfOcECXFUXdeGmMnM8g-Vw&ust=1379023623777165

shí石 stone, rock

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=BAIIPCqHwd7mZM&tbnid=v26O_WYOdFAizM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/47/4538005kd1a37c72.html&ei=DeowUtn_DeTw4gSs64HICw&psig=AFQjCNEBTMCbl1f80Z1mhjS1NPid0Rwabg&ust=1379023713894549

shuǐ 水 stone, rock

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=TME7YXQmV8ZVQM&tbnid=8y8tE_8wccxRwM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/7/e46a4a35ecc0fac6.html&ei=vuowUreDO6Th4QSe7oFY&psig=AFQjCNHhywMgLjT7KAM7DBR-ksr3xGbI9Q&ust=1379023918327238

yǔ雨 rain


http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=IxvCrxVRuddMMM&tbnid=zLhKl429gzeJpM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/3/83/813cb889dd5ab6df.html&ei=PvMwUvn9LuaT4ATPqICQAQ&psig=AFQjCNE_T1Lswd7PtLQA_2SmtD4kzOmG6g&ust=1379026102213132

tián田 field,

farm


http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=npSjlhoePmQYeM&tbnid=FnAcUCoP2dv49M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.lcrc.org.cn/publish/portal4/tab377/&ei=luswUtfuK8aN4ASI5IDwBA&psig=AFQjCNEa_IyWdQPsmjoEWY9HisoB6zicdA&ust=1379024122149183

zhōu 舟 boat

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=OC-9CoWQ8Fvx7M&tbnid=V6yo6pcPh1nuEM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/47/3626663k9fde5c32.html&ei=H-wwUsSSIcbx4QTV9oCgDg&psig=AFQjCNFlvlvIEjV-ESh-s8rHvMs_fnCGPw&ust=1379024273690083

chē车 cart ,vehicle

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=wmLJHecR83YeGM&tbnid=T62LoswYV91eyM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.no-1chineselearning.com/ynews.asp?aid=1259&ei=Au0wUv2HGeme4wSXyIGgDw&psig=AFQjCNEQF1K7KEjgmT-z97gkj5BK0Rl9vA&ust=1379024472063719

dāo刀 knife,

sword

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=2Fr1nzPvo2-8RM&tbnid=Su3lfi0JlioVsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://bbs.tiexue.net/post_5106392_1.html&ei=au0wUpzPIMPR4QSzz4GABg&psig=AFQjCNGeJgA-6KZd-mmzQCcrLMSvgH7cKA&ust=1379024590983747

yī衣 clothes

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=p3NOocyK-bvd4M&tbnid=fE9U3hIoPLQHDM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.takungpao.com/society/content/2012-09/10/content_1075039_4.htm&ei=C-4wUszaM-bm4QSF54D4CA&psig=AFQjCNHIVU8O3du1WSkMgSTc4Ett4_GWSw&ust=1379024774100012

gōng弓 bow

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=brzTxh0SXjz_VM&tbnid=5hhsfzXhnXcj8M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.bangbenw.com/zl/zthc/ypzz/2010-06/24/content_856005.htm&ei=du4wUr3IFcra4AS2qIHYBw&psig=AFQjCNH7DC-Vq6q8OwgsRVGr2K02Qv_Ikg&ust=1379024878572075

gé革 leather

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=8qrLpgGywg37sM&tbnid=dL_EuaheaclwkM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/9/5779338kbf050da5.html&ei=1u4wUqCwDOfO4QTwioCoDg&psig=AFQjCNH31gdGA1rSI1Twb7LXlLBm4PJ7Mw&ust=1379024976559504

mén门 door, gate

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=0_hkRQtR3ZxgcM&tbnid=4UeTLyhX7Tq2BM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://yeeyuee.blog.163.com/blog/static/882236120073164352629/&ei=-O8wUrDwAoiw4QSYpIGoBA&psig=AFQjCNGxDwyBigGKSjlOqZCa203H62EjYQ&ust=1379025166891861

mù 木 tree, wood

hé禾 grain

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=kFi0Q6gaLHmheM&tbnid=idjahhUIC91MiM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://ezgo.coa.gov.tw/wallpaper.php?pg=8&rows_per_page=&ei=rfEwUu7sHcWH4gSImYDoDw&psig=AFQjCNG-GD8Yoe3Yswc7bYG6ZAiTIBhlwQ&ust=1379025684666691

guǒ果 fruit

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=5_6ePXu_zgbNeM&tbnid=eRfLwS6_hYQY7M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://qujingjing0626.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post.html&ei=JvIwUvaONKGN4ASd84GgAQ&psig=AFQjCNERSOtDfweNIPve7JAHrNApkZt6Mw&ust=1379025819989017

shí食

food

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=7n8fSa-ZVWkKxM&tbnid=2xdWE5wAUN5A2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://deng421215.blog.163.com/blog/static/170483164201322711258807/&ei=vfIwUpSrE6uw4QTRvYCoAg&psig=AFQjCNGX1qbC-WOZLKPfaNf5O3r63zeVng&ust=1379025953322408

niú牛 ox,

bull

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rnuRMnwN9KO25M&tbnid=Jdw2AHrdKjtCOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/3/42/88f7f718a63e4e5f.html&ei=gvUwUu_bDsSS4ATV7IHwDw&psig=AFQjCNG_6a_5IjBfdaHaA2JhejmRgUeYmw&ust=1379026677540517

yáng羊 sheep,

goat

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=OHtAVZXgnHRwuM&tbnid=SBPpSdXmKqdfGM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ooopic.com/pic_604584.html&ei=tvYwUu_QDamM4ASBxoGwBw&psig=AFQjCNFOw49Sdn_3umlGqqRKh8ka6dH5Aw&ust=1379026993180732

yú鱼 fish

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Dqui483ILBlMmM&tbnid=ItCQnD7BzlBD3M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.shuichan.cc/flea_view-190423.html&ei=F_cwUtiqNrH14QSc3YD4BQ&psig=AFQjCNEuXD-u9o186jorEJAbu-1AN9Vg0Q&ust=1379027084290423

bèi贝 shell

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=XesntwXIJJZaAM&tbnid=UmuP0i7tFnvkLM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.hailuo.com/show/21130&ei=r_cwUre_C4Hg4QSHiIHYDA&psig=AFQjCNGZZFPGorY_qjsgUxqTLcJfsZH8JA&ust=1379027228803113

chóng 虫 worm, insect

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=odYPmhWgy-BxDM&tbnid=bBcLLzwtbB82CM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ooopic.com/photo/2009-5-22/549850.html&ei=-vcwUr-pEMPp4gSZmoGADA&psig=AFQjCNHDx76tHkSq6-gY-d4cwIK5k5rTtg&ust=1379027309387411

mǎ马 horse

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=kZ_z7CUI_LW6zM&tbnid=WyBPcBRNvwG-HM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://news.sina.com.cn/bbs/p/2006/0411/10195265.html&ei=t_gwUuv6Goak4gSbnYFQ&psig=AFQjCNHcyMv1Qf2b0QcSYB-m8am_Cyza4g&ust=1379027498857892

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=kZ_z7CUI_LW6zM&tbnid=WyBPcBRNvwG-HM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://news.sina.com.cn/bbs/p/2006/0411/10195265.html&ei=t_gwUuv6Goak4gSbnYFQ&psig=AFQjCNHcyMv1Qf2b0QcSYB-m8am_Cyza4g&ust=1379027498857892

niǎo鸟 bird

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=87BHuPspaAMmIM&tbnid=VSzGarsyrUCENM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/40/80ad8f408a3e9be9.html&ei=4PkwUsPoJ7D34QTL5IHgDQ&psig=AFQjCNGWGzcN4NvUcxdOmVdjRyUQnF0R0g&ust=1379027782580202

Takk for i dag!

Education

Kapitel 02 Independent characters _ pictograms