Living and Breathing the

Web

Jenna Condie@SalfordUni#mediapsych

Flickr: The Daring Librarian

Session Overview

1. History of the internet: Why did we build it?

2. Identities and communities: What does it mean to live and breath online?

3. A postmodern world: Are digital platforms transforming the self?

4. Dilemmas: What are the contemporary, professional and ethical issues for us?

5. Creation and contribution: Should we be producing digital content about our discussions today?

6. The future: Where are we going?

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1. History of the internet

Why did we build it?Link: http://vimeo.com/2696386

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Our Need for NetworksA network consists of two ormore computers that arelinked in order to share resources (FCIT, 2011).

Networks – links between two or more people have always existed through the entirety of human history (Crosier et al., 2012)

Electronic and digital technology = social network explosion (Crosier et al., 2012)

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Flickr: sjcockell

Information & Communication• Social Networking Sites (SNS)• Social Media (SM)• Diff between SNS & SM?• Information age• Digital age

• Architecture of sites influence our behaviour Papacharissi (2009) - comparison of three sites

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South Park episode - no internet*

*thank you @kvlpsych

We shape our tools and thereafter

our tools shape us Marshall McLuhan

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Flickr: Adam Crowe

Right here, right now*…

*thank you @CathyUre

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Rapid, constant, quickening change

Q: What knowledge about social media and internet use is worth teaching today?

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Flickr: Alexkess

2. Identities and Communities

Identity - our essential continuous self, the internal conception of oneself as an individual (Reber 1995).

Community - a group of people linked by social ties, common perspectives, engaged in joint action in geographical locations/settings (MacQueen et al., 2001)

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Reconceptualising identities and communities

“As is classically said, the internet is not any sort of place at all, in the usual geographical sense of the term.”

(Goodings et al., 2007, p. 465)

Is Facebook a place?

Identity as “a project of the self” (Benwell & Stokoe, 2006, p. 18)Giddens (1991) Reflexive modernisation thesisIdentity as embedded in the social context (Burr, 2003)Identity as relational (Mason, 2004)Identity as collective (Seaton, 2008)

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3. A Postmodern World

Q: Are digital platforms transforming the self?

“The rise of the network society andthe growing power of identity are the intertwined social processes that jointly define globalization, geopolitics, and socialtransformation in the early twenty-first century.” (Castells, 2010, p. xvii)

#mediapsych Flickr: w

oodleywonderw

orks

Constructing ourselves out there in space

Dialogical

Multivoiced

Fluid

Agency

Identities as…

12

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Dialogical Self, Collective voices

• Bakhtin (1986) an individual speaker’s utterance is influenced by the culture of groups and communities in which they participate (in Hermans, 2004).

• Technology speeding this up (Hermans, 2004) – More than ever before, the self is composed of a high

density of positions – The positions of the self are relatively heterogeneous– The self is subjected to larger “position leaps”

• Gergen (2000) The Saturated Self• Link to globalisation and impact upon self (Hermans

& Dimaggio, 2007)

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Technology & Dialogue• Technology has implications for the process of

dialogue (Hermans, 2004).– In a situation of “mediated dialogue”– Exposed to a broadening range of meanings, values,

ideas, and cultures through vast range of media– Transforming the content and scope of our self-

dialogue.

More complex world, more complex networks,

more complex self.

Flickr: AhmadH

amm

oud

Flickr: allthecolor

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Not virtual but mediated communities

Goodings et al., (2007) – definition of mediated communities: • A dialectic of place and collective;• The mobilisation of symbolic resources;• The maintenance of a collective history and • The underwriting of personal identity in place

identity (Dixon & Durrheim, 2000).

Who we are is where we are whether on or offline.

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4. The Dilemmas

Q: What are the contemporary, professional and ethical issues for us?

Flickr: broodkast

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BPS Guidance on Social Media Ethics

E-professionalism for clinical psychologists - “The recent explosion of social media presents both new opportunities and challenges” (BPS, 2012a, p. 2)

Supplementary guidance on the use of social media (BPS, 2012b) – SNS public and permanent, professional & personal life

as separate as possible, act responsibly at all times, uphold reputation of the profession, protect your privacy & check settings, report misconduct.

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Professional Learning Networks

Mackey & Evans (2011)• Surge of interest in ‘community’ to support sociocultural

approaches to learning • PLNs need to be organic, driving learning rather than an

add-on

• Communities of practice (Lave & Wenger, 1991)• Sine qua non for higher education (Garrison &

Cleveland-Innes, 2005) • Nexus of multimembership (Wenger, 1998)

Recorded webinar from @drdjwalker: https://sas.elluminate.com/p.jnlp?psid=2012-11-13.1043.M.E7B9994E25BCB4740807DC7612730B.vcr&sid=28769

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5. Creation and ContributionQ: Should we be producing digital content about our discussions today?– If yes, how? If no, why not?

Social innovation, enterprise, engagement, dialogue, influence, communication, sharing, knowledge, relationships, PLN, feedback, presence

The Tribes we LeadSeth Godin TED talk

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Flickr: Cea.

20Flickr: Bruce Clay, Inc

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New culture of learning (Thomas & Brown, 2011)*

*thank you @cristinacost

Digital Storytelling & Agency (Hull & Katz, 2006)

The Web as a Dialogical Learning Environment*

*Thank you @zoekav & @ash_chapman

6. The Future?• Government perspective– Technology and Innovation Futures: UK Growth

Opportunities for the 2020s (BIS Report, 2010)• Social and cultural perspectives: – The Smartphone Psychology Manifesto (Miller, 2012)– Aleks Krotoski, academic & journalist, “Africa,

smartphones, disruptive technologies, human-centred design” (Guardian Interview).

– Genevieve Bell, Intel anthropologist, “New devices, new infrastructures, and new experiences for starters, but also more of the same it seems. We want to be social, we want to be engaged, we like a good story.” (Pocket-lint Interview)

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* Living and breathing the web

* Everyone I have thanked throughout these slides, I am connected to online (and offline). Without my professional learning network, this session would have been very different. On that note, thank *you*

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ReferencesBenwell, B., & Stokoe, E. H. (2006). Discourse and Identity. Edinburgh: University Press.Burr, V. (2003). Social constructionism. London: Routledge.BPS (2012a) e-Professionalism: Guidance on the use of social media by clinical psychologists, Available at: http://www.bpsshop.org.uk/e-Professionalism-Guidance-on-the-use-of-social-media-by-clinical-psychologists-P2494.aspx BPS (2012b) Supplementary Guidance on the Use of Social Media, Available at: http://www.bps.org.uk/system/files/images/2012_ethics_committee_social_media.pdf Genevieve Bell – Technology@IntelCastells, M. (2010) The power of identity: The information age: Economy, society, and culture, Oxford: Wiley-BlackwellCrosier, et al., (2012) Wired to connect: Evolutionary Psychology and Social Networks, Review of General Psychology, 16(2), p. 230-239.FCIT (2011) Chapter 1: What is a Network? Available here http://fcit.usf.edu/network/chap1/chap1.htm Garrison, D. R., & Cleveland-Innes, M. (2005). Facilitating cognitive presence in online learning: Interaction is not enough. American Journal of Distance Education, 19(3), 133–148. Gergen, K. (2000). The Saturated Self. New York: Basic Books.Goodings, L., et al., (2007) Social Networking Technology: Place and Identity in Mediated Communities, J. Community Appl. Soc. Psychol., 17, p. 463–476Hermans, H. (2004). Introduction: The dialogical self in a global and digital age. Identity. An International Journal of Theory and Research, 4:4, 297-320Hermans, H., & Dimaggio, G. (2007) Self, Identity, and Globalization in Times of Uncertainty: A Dialogical Analysis, Review of General Psychology, 11(1), p. 31–61

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ReferencesHull, G., & Katz, M-L (2006) Crafting an Agentive Self: Case Studies on Digital Storytelling, Research in the Teaching of English, 41(1), p. 43-81Aleks Krotoski – Untangling the Web (Guardian) Digital Human (BBC)Lave, J. & Wenger, E. (1991) Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University PressMackey, J., & Evans, T. (2011). Interconnecting networks of practice for professional learning.International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 12(3), 1–17.MacQueen, K., et al., (2001) What Is Community? An Evidence-Based Definition for Participatory Public Health, ) Am J Public Health, 91(12), p. 1929–1938.Mason, Jennifer. (2004). Personal narratives, relational selves: residential histories in the living and telling. The Sociological Review, 52(2), 162–179.Miller, (2012) The Smartphone Psychology Manifesto, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7(3), p. 221–237Papacharissi , Z.(2009) The virtual geographies of social networks: a comparative analysis of Facebook, LinkedIn and ASmallWorld, New Media Society, 11, p. 199 - 220 Reber, A. (1995) The Penguin Dictionary of Psychology, Harmondsworth: PenguinSeaton, E. E. (2009). Common Knowledge: Reflections on Narratives in Community. Qualitative Research, 8, 293–305.Thomas, D., & Brown, J. (2011) A new culture of learning: Cultivating the Imagination for a world of constant changeWenger, E. (1998) Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning and Identity, Cambridge: CUP

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Living and Breathing the

Web

Jenna Condie@SalfordUni#mediapsych

Flickr: The Daring Librarian