Medical Dissection Lab

Ed5060

Saneeth S(ED11B053)

Chaitanya Kumar D(ED11B045)

Roshan S(ED11B052)

Infusion pump

Abstract : To study various Modules and functioning of the Infusion Pump. The working principle of the peristaltic pump was studied in detail.

Introduction: An infusion pump is a medical device used to deliver fluids into a patient’s body in a controlled manner. There are many different types of infusion pumps, which are used for a variety of purposes and in a variety of environments. As the gravity drop cannot be used for very small flow rates, which are less than 0.1ml/hr., and hence the infusion pump is used .Because they can also produce quite high but controlled pressures, they can inject controlled amounts of fluids subcutaneously, or epidural, they are of importance in the medical field .It performs a highly controller process with various sensors present in it.

Tool Required:Hand , Screw Driver of Different sizes.

Experimental Procedure: The Casing has been removed by taking of corresponding screws. As the casing was opened, the instrument was opened in to two halves. The cables or the wires connection the two halves were removed for easy dissection.The mother board has been removed .

The electronics of the device was observed and the CPU’s were identified and also the ADC converter, Input/output handlers were observed.Then the powering module of the system is opened using the screw driver set and the various parts of the module were observed.

The battery was of 12V, 3.2Ah which has a 6 hours run time and also the fuse provided to prevent fluctuations inside the component was observed.

The instrument also had a facility to fix it to a vertical rod which

helps it to hold still in the hospitals and also when in use .The working of the occlusion sensor and also the air bubble detector was studied in detail.

Discussion : If any hardware problem in the system ,its not necessary to open all the infusion pump body.we can set it with service port.Two occlusion sensor and one air bubble sensor at one side and vice versa at the other side.There are master CPU and Slave CPU. The lower mother board has Six HD61602 IC .The two mother board has been connected to two PCB’s. VTBI-Volume to be Infused. We have been find out the Impedance of Air and Water.

Functional Structure:

Geometric Layout:

History: One of the greatest technological advances in the medical field has been that of intravenous medicine-the ability to feed, hydrate, medicate and replace blood lost in sick and injured patients directly, through the use of needles. Leading the ability to perform all these functions are infusion pumps. These devices deliver controlled amounts of nutrition, blood and medication directly to a person's circulatory system, where it has the best, most immediate effect on recovery. They can also deliver medicine just under the skin, or directly to the central nervous system, such as when a woman has epidural anesthesia when in labor. Although the first recorded attempt at intravenous medicine dates to 1492, this branch of medical science gained real

momentum in the 17th century. The first working IV infusion device was invented by the famous English architect Christopher Wren in 1658.Soon afterward, medical scientists conducted ever increasing experiments with administering drugs and fluids intravenously. Better needles were developed, which led to the first successful blood transfusion in 1665. Unfortunately, these early experiments also led to some deaths and as a result the British government, the French Parliament and the Vatican all banned blood transfusions-bans that lasted for a hundred years and effectively halted progress in intravenous medical study. When the bans were lifted, however, progress resumed at a rapid pace. The key elements of intravenous transfusion which are still observed today were established: a slow infusion process, awareness and prevention of risks from air embolism, and avoiding volume overload. Early in the 19th century, early prototypes of infusion pumps were invented to help control the rate of flow during intravenous procedures. The 20th century saw huge advances in intravenous medicine including IV pumps. The two World Wars spurred medical advances across the board - needles were refined, rubber tubing was replaced by plastic, and vacuum bottles that reduced the risk of air embolism were designed. Vacuum bottles themselves were replaced by plastic bags in the 1950s.One of the major developments in infusion pumps was the invention in the early 1970s of a wearable infusion pump, by Dean Kamen. Kamen's brother was a doctor, and complained that the infusion pumps of the day were too unwieldy. As a result, Dean Kamen invented the first ambulatory pump. It not only gave patients freedom to move when receiving treatment, it meant they could receive their medication on an outpatient basis. This advancement was a godsend to patients, such as diabetics, who need round the

clock injections. Kamen's pump also automatically administered precise doses at regularly timed intervals, ushering in many advances in infusion pumps and other medical equipment, such as portable dialysis machines.Medical equipment today includes ambulatory pumps that allow the patient to self-minister doses of medication. Today's infusion pumps also sound alarms if power to the pump runs low, if the line gets kinked, or if the bag or syringe runs low or has pressure applied to it. Some pumps even come with built-in drug libraries and guidelines, and they maintain an electronic record of all alerts. These pumps can link to a hospital's information system, showing a constant stream of information to medical staff.The technological advances in infusion pumps during the past forty years have transformed the treatment of patients in hospitals, as well as afforded the ability to receive treatment while going about their daily lives. These pumps insure that patients receive the best care.

Improvements Possible: Can decrease the size of the infusion pump. And also the size of the body. The weight of the complete system can be reduced so as to use it while going from place to place.We can use a more capacity battery.

Summary: The infusion has been dissected to understand its design and identify its components .Functioning of the infusion pump