Networking Basics &

Cisco

Aadarsh Srivastava

Resident Engineer in Lenovo

Date: 07-09-2014

Networking Basics

Network

Connectivity of two or more than two devices so that they can communicate with each other.

Network = Connectivity + Communication

Network = Hardware + Software

Network Types

• Local Area Network (LAN) A high speed network that covers a relatively small

geographic area, contained within a single building or campus.

• Wide Area Network (WAN)

A network that spans large geographical locations, usually to interconnect multiple LANs.

• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

A network that spans several LANs across a city-wide geographic area.

Five Components of Communication

• Sender• Receiver• Medium• Protocol• Message

Protocol

• Rules that govern the method by which devices share data and services.

Types of Communication

Topology

Mesh Topology

Star Topology

Bus Topology

Ring Topology

Hybrid Topology

Internet

• internet is two or more networks that can

communicate with each other.

• Internet is collaboration of more than hundreds

of thousands of interconnected networks.

OSI Model

• Established in 1947, the International Standards Organization (ISO) is a multinational body dedicated to worldwide agreement on international standards.

• In 1978, Open System Interconnection (OSI) model was introduced.

ISO is the organisation. OSI is the model.

OSI Model

7. Application

6. Presentation

5. Session

4. Transport

3. Network

2. Data Link

1. Physical

OSI Model-Division of Layers

7. Application

6. Presentation

5. Session

4. Transport

3. Network

2. Data Link

1. Physical

Lower Layers

Middle Layers

Upper Layers

The Function of a Layer

• Each layer deals with one aspect of networking• Layer 1 deals with the communication media

• Each layer communicates with the adjacent layers• In both directions• Ex: Network layer communicates with:

• Transport layer• Data Link layer

• Each layer formats the data packet• Ex: Adds or deletes addresses

OSI Model

OSI in Action

• A message begins at the top application layer and moves down the OSI layers to the bottom physical layer.

• As the message descends, each successive OSI model layer adds a header to it.

• A header is layer-specific information that basically explains what functions the layer carried out.

• Conversely, at the receiving end, headers are striped from the message as it travels up the corresponding layers.

OSI Layers Description

Commonly Used Network Devices

• Hubs

• Switches

• Routers

• IP Phones

• Network Security Products

Network Devices Manufacturers

• Cisco Systems

• HP

• Huawei

• ZTE

• Juniper Networks

• D-Link

• Telco Systems

• Alcatel-Lucent

• Arista Networks

• Mellanox

Cisco Systems

Company Overview

• Cisco is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Jose, California, that designs, manufactures, and sells networking equipment.

• Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by two members of Stanford University computer support staff: Leonard Bosack who was in charge of the computer science department's computers, and Sandy Lerner, who managed the Graduate School of Business' computers.

• The name "Cisco" was derived from the city name, San Francisco

• The logo is intended to depict the two towers of the Golden Gate Bridge.

Cisco Systems Logo Concept

Cisco’s logo is depicting two towers of Golden Gate Bridge

Golden Gate Bridge

Company Overview

• Cisco Systems, Inc. is the worldwide leader in networking for the Internet. • Today, networks are an essential

part of business, education, government and home communications.• Cisco Internet Protocol-based (IP)

networking solutions are the foundation of these networks.

Company Overview cont’d

• In 1984, Cisco’s first product which consisted of exact replicas of Stanford's "Blue Box" router and a stolen copy of the University's multiple potocol router software.• Between 1992 and 1994, Cisco acquired

several companies in Ethernet switching, such as Kalpana, Grand Junction, and most notably, Mario Mazzola's Crescendo Communications which together formed the Catalyst business unit.

Cisco’s Products List

• Routers and switches

• Security and surveillance

• Voice and conferencing

• Wireless

• Network storage systems

References

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco

• http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/solutions/small_business/resource_center/articles/connect_employees_and_offices/networking_basics/

About ODSI

ODSI11 St John's Road Stourbridge West Midlands DY8 1EJ

Phone: 0203 005 9500

Email: sales@odsi.co.uk

UK Office

Web: www.odsi.co.uk

Cisco Products Dealer

Thank You

By - Aadarsh Srivastava Contact – 7827019719Facebook – aadarsh7777777