Non Woven Fabrics

Sarvajanik College Of Engineering

And Technology, Surat

PRESENTING BY:-¤ NIKUL DUDHAGARA

(3rd –TT, SCET)

Kshitij’16

Non-woven• Introduction• Web formation methods• Bonding Systems• Discussion

¤ Fabrics can be made from fibres as well as from yarns.

¤ Conventional(woven)fabric production:¤ Fibre Yarn Fabric (knitting or weaving)

¤ Non-woven production¤ Fibre Fabric

¤ It eliminates the yarn production process and makes the fabric directly from fibres.

Non-woven

.

¤ Non-woven fabric: A textile structure produced by bonding or interlocking of fibres, or both; accomplished by mechanical, chemical, thermal or solvent means and combinations thereof. This excludes woven, knitted and tufted fabrics.

¤ Non-woven textiles are those which are neither woven nor knit, for example felt.

¤ Non-wovens are typically not strong (unless reinforced by a backing), and do not stretch. They are cheap to manufacture.

Defination

Production RateFabric

Production Method

Rate Of Fabric Production

Weaving : 1 m/min

Knitting : 2 m/min

Nonwoven :

100 m/min or More

features¤ Nonwoven fabrics can be engineered to give

a wide variety of properties.¤ Nevertheless, their aesthetic properties

(handle, drape, appearance) are such that they are not in direct competition with conventional fabrics in the outerwear market.

¤ Woven and knitted fabrics will not be replaced by nonwovens in the near futrue.

¤ Currently, the main areas of growth in nonwovens are in geotextiles, medical and hospital uses, disposable products and filters.

Making Non-woven products

¤ There are normally two steps for making non-woven products.

¤ They are:¤ Web formation; and¤ Bonding systems.

Web formation• A nonwoven fabric is basically a web

of fibres held together in some way.• The web may be made of staple

fibres or filaments, or from portions of polymer film.

Bonding system¤ Bonding systems in non-woven

¤ Needled felts¤ Adhesives¤ Heat bonding¤ Stitch bonding

needle punching

¤ The beared needle tangles together some fibres from each layer of the web to make a stronger web.

Adhesive BondingA cellulosic wiper, with the adhesive applied in colour stripes and resin-impregnated fibre-glass used to reinforce pipes.

Heat BondingMelt-bonding at selected points to give extra stability to a spun bonded polypropylene geo-textile.

Stitch bondingCarpet under felts are often stitch-bonded, and may incorporate a layer of loosely woven hessian for extra length.

MaterialsSynthetic Fibres

¤ Polyester ¤ Poly propylene ¤ Polyamide¤ Glass¤ Carbon¤ Viscose ¤ Aramide¤ Many others.

Natural Fibres¤ jute¤Cotton¤Wool¤others

application¤ Non-woven materials are used in

numerous applications, including:¤ Hygiene

¤ Baby diapers ¤ Feminine hygiene ¤ Adult incontinence products

¤ Wipes ¤ Domestic ¤ Technical

¤ Filters ¤ Geotextiles ¤ Carpet backing ¤ Composites

Manufacturing¤ Staple non-wovens

Staple non-wovens are made in two steps. Fibers are first spun, cut to a few centimeters length, and put into bales. These bales are then dispersed on a conveyor belt, and the fibers are spread in a uniform web by a wetlaid process or by carding.

¤ Spun laid non-wovensSpunlaid non-wovens are made in one

continuous process. Fibers are spun and then directly dispersed in a web by deflectors. This technique leads to faster belt speeds, and cheaper costs. Several variants of this concept are available, but the leading technology is the Reicofil machinery, manufactured by Reifenhaüser (Germany).

The Association of the Nonwovens Fabrics Industry

Nonwoven Industry News, Conference Reports and Consulting

HANDBOOK OF TECHNICAL TEXTILES BY, HORROCKS & ANAND

BIBLIOLOGY