Open ________ ?

Libraries, repositories, and cultural change Presentation at CILIP MmIT NW: Emerging

Technologies; June 17th 2009

R. John Robertson, CETIS,

University of Strathclyde

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.5 UK: Scotland License.

Outline

Introductions Open _________? Open Access Open Content Open Data Open Libraries?

Introduction

CETIS

A JISC innovation centre in the domain of educational technology and interoperability standards

http://jisc.cetis.ac.uk My background:

JISC projects and most recently Repositories Research Team

Open _________? Look at some current trends and initiatives using the

word ‘Open’ Consider some of their key features and their impact

for libraries and librarians Mostly focused around repositories Not talking about:

Open Source software (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_software)

Open Id (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenID) Open APIs (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_API)

Open Access

5R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007

http://www.opendoar.org/

Open Access – cultural overview Cultural (as is...) The translation of an informal offline practice into the digital age

– sharing copies of your paper Speed (submission to press can be a long time) Rights? (it’s mine to distribute... ; who funded the work? ) Costs and conditions (modern journal subscriptions)

Declarations Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.soros.org/openaccess) PLoS dftn: "free availability and unrestricted use“ via Peter Suber

Approaches: ‘self-archive’ ; OA journals Funder mandates (UK Research councils, NIH and CIHR) Institutional mandates (37 mandates, 14 departmental

http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/policysignup/ )

Open Access – cultural overview (2): funders

http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/juliet/

Open Access – cultural overview (3): publishers

http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php?stats=yes

Open Access – technical overview Cultural intent led to the development of new software and

standards to support its use. OAI-PMH – Open Archives Initiative- Protocol for Metadata

Harvesting (http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.html )

Dublin Core (adopted as baseline by OAI-PMH) Software systems (open source and commercial):

Dominance of Fedora, ePrints, D-Space DuraSpace merger Zentity (Microsoft – free built on proprietary core) Intralibrary (commercial example)

Services Search (OAISTER, Intute Repository Search) Registries (OpenDOAR, ROAR)

OAI-ORE – towards being more web friendly

Open Access - impact Closest to library community

but significant groups outside of it

Commercial publishers’ response OA journals

Promise and problems New forms of publication – overlay ? Pure OA?

ETDs Etheses - the ultimate OA success story? ETHOS

Side effects: other roles RAE/ REF reporting and management faculty web pages/ bibliographies Institutional knowledge management

Open Access - opportunities Repositories as a key part of institutional infrastructure

ETDs RAE and REFreporting Faculty web pages

Managing rights and supporting compliance with OA mandates

Information management expertise needed Cataloguing (lots of...) Building controlled vocabularies and taxonomies Managing rights

Collaboration with university presses – moving towards new forms of publication

Open Content

12R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007

Open Content – cultural overview Translating offline practice of sharing into a digital environment

Many teaching materials just use stuff off Google... Who owns the lecture notes?

Learning objects... or not Although still developed and used in some circumstances the ‘context-neutral’ reusable

learning object is not a scalable endeavour when compared to OER initiatives that share what people are using (IMHO)

Open Educational Resources CETIS briefing paper http://tinyurl.com/kkek7r

OER Initiatives Focus on sharing what you use.

Open Courseware http://ocwconsortium.org JISC / HEFCE funding pilot programme - £5.7 million

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/oer.aspx Overview of JISC and OER http

://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/events/2009/03/openeducationalresources-fintrypm.pdf

Open Content - initiatives

Open Content – initiatives (2)

Open Content - impact ‘Normal’ offline practice is often not formalised or examined, in

doing so: Rights issues can be addressed Practice might improve Provide colleagues, students, and potential students with your stuff

Institutional re-evaluation of where the value lies: Student experience Reputation, accreditation, assessment Staff (as teachers not merely producers of sets of materials) Facilities and atmosphere (...especially the library?)

Publicity Increased enrolment Kudos and standing in the educational community

Open Content – opportunities? Often happening outside of library...

LIS skills needed but demand may not be articulated in ways that are immediately obvious and a degree of wheel reinvention going on

Potentially lots of ‘cataloguing’ needed but... Different standards/ educational description

Traditional learning object type metadata(IEEE LOM, IMS CP) Standards under development (ISO MLR, DC-ED) Key access points – course code? Course title?

Many current content sharing systems work without ‘full’ cataloguing and may not afford it Full cataloguing presents an unknown value propostion...

Supporting teaching and administrative staff Education and training Collection level work

Description data cleaning Taxonomies/ controlled vocabularies

What is the business case? Managing legal issues: accessibility; liability

Open Data

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Open Data - overview Two main areas

Managing and opening access to scientific datasets Opening access to data more generally

Vision of semantic web Making it easier for machines to relate disparate data sets

Better data management Volume of data being produced Transparency

Link data and publication Does data support findings?

Stewardship Destroy data that should be destroyed Allow others to explore data for their own use Ensure funder has access to data Curate the rest of the data

Open Data - initiatives

Open Data – initiatives (2)

Open Data - impact Library of Congress releasing lcsh.info Government(s) attitudes New tools

Visualization – [manyeyes] Wordle

Richer publications Moving beyond the limits of a printed page

Network effect –> new science Mashups...

See next speaker! ‘just landed’

Open Data - perspective

“The coolest thing to be done

with your data will be

thought of by someone else”

Motto

JISC Common Repository Interfaces Group (CRIG) http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/repositories/digirep/index/CRIG

Open Data – opportunities (1) Data repositories

Data librarians and enabling researchers Best practice Need for clarity over rights Automating metadata capture – lab books Linking data and articles Using data in teaching

However, most of this work has to be done by the scientists...

Do they know about the relevant skills and expertise the library can offer?

Open Data – opportunities (2)

Being a data provider Limits of tools Unintended consequences (xif...jsut what information are you giving

out) Legal and ethical issues Control of data

Using Mashups Amazon

Librarything - recommendations Browser tools

integrating library catalogues Anything: e.g. ‘Just landed’

Open Data – Summing up a conference: twitter plus wordle?

26R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007

Open Libraries?

27R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007

Open Libraries? What’s the point? The importance of

Information literacy Understanding rights and business cases Making the case for the library’s role Experimenting ... Realising ‘control’ over use of IT may not be as desirable as it was Make rights clear Can you get your data out? Can your users..?

What do you want to allow? Control vs enable (Glasgow City Council example: advertises events on twitter but

blocks access to it in libraries) http://tametheweb.com/2009/05/10/glasgowtweet/

Open Libraries? Deciding what you do with your stuff

Publish where? Is it responsible to give the rights to your work away? Are they your rights to give?

Self-archive where? Institutional Repository Subject Repository? For LIS: Elis Slideshare, etc

What terms of use ? This presentation on Cilip’s MmIT page, in Strathprints

(shortly) and on slideshare. http://www.slideshare.net/rjohnrobertson/

Any Questions?

Contact details:

R. John Robertson

Robert.robertson@strath.ac.uk

Kavubob on twitter

http://blogs.cetis.ac.uk/johnr/

Additional References (and credits)

Peter Suber, Open Access Overview http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm

Repositories Support Project http://www.rsp.ac.uk/