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ORCID identifiers in research
workflows
Simeon Warner, Cornell University Library
with thanks to
Laure Haak, ORCID Executive Director and
Josh Brown, ORCID Regional Director, Europe
for slides and comments
NISO Webinar:
Authority Control: Are You Who We Say You Are?
February 11, 2015
“Use ORCID iDs in research
workflows to solve name
ambiguity and save everyone
a bunch of effort!”
ORCID background
• open - anyone can register, any organization with interest in
research and scholarly communications can join, iDs intended
for reuse, software open source
• non-profit - incorporated in USA, also ORCID EU
• community-driven - where community includes all sectors of
research process including publishers, funders, universities,
and the researchers themselves
two core functions:
1. a registry of unique identifiers and manage a record of
activities
2. APIs that support system-to-system communication and
authentication
see: http://orcid.org/content/initiative
ORCID status and adoption
A little over 2 years since launch, over 1.1M ids created,
over 190 members from all sectors and around the world.
-
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Oct
No
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Feb
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Creator
Website
Trusted Party
2012 2013 2014
Publishing25%
Universities & Research
Orgs45%
Funders7%
Associations
12%
Repositories & Profile
Sys11%
EMEA35%
Americas
50%
AsiaPac15%
National integrations and membership
http://openaccess.blogg.kb.se/2013/01/30/slutrapport-fran-projekt-forfattarindentifikatorer/
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/di_researchmanagement/researchinformation/orcid.aspx
http://orcid.org/blog/2014/09/03/denmark-adopts-orcid-consortium-approach-orcid-implementation
http://orcidpilot.jiscinvolve.org/wp/
ORCID Scope
ORCID = Open RESEARCHER AND CONTRIBUTOR Identifier
o Research activities
o Living people
o There are fewer researchers than the scope of people and
personas covered by ISNI or VIAF
CONTRIBUTOR -- ORCID intended to be used for the spectrum of
actors in the research process, not just authors, and records roles.
o Already supports roles like translator, principal investigator
o 2012 Harvard Workshop http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/attribution_workshop/home
o 2014 Project CRediT Workshop http://www.eventbrite.ca/e/project-credit-workshop-tickets-10314211083
Researcher driven
Creation methods:
• integrations dominate
• website second
• institutional creation
Researcher must be involved to create or activate the ORCID iD,
and can control the privacy settings and/or add information.
Recommend institutions use the trusted party creation method
rather then direct record creation. Need to connect with and
educate users anyway. Can pre-populate registration fields.
-
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Oct
No
vD
ec Jan
Feb
Mar
Ap
rM
ay Jun
Jul
Au
gSe
pO
ctN
ov
Dec Jan
Feb
Mar
Ap
rM
ayJu
ne
July
Au
g
Creator
Website
Trusted Party
2012 2013 2014
Leveraging ISNI Organization IDs
ORCID uses Ringgold (an ISNI registrar) organization list to support
connection between individuals and education and employment
affiliations.
Leveraging FundRef identifiers
Funding agency list coordinated with FundRef
Auto-complete based
on FundRef data
Integration of ORCID iDs in research
workflows
Publication round trip
ORCID iDs are intended to be integrated into research and
publication workflows, and become embedded in the
metadata. ORCID iDs will thus be associated with new
works at the time of publication.
ORCID
record
Manuscript
SubmissionORCID
record
ORCID
recordReview
Publication
w DOI &
ORCID(s)
CrossRef
DOI assignment
Verified ORCID, update permission
Readers
Round trip process and implications
Publisher captures ORCID iD during manuscript submission
o Authenticated process, no mistyping, accurate
o User may grant permission to add works later
Publisher includes ORCID iD in metadata when minting DOI
o Will be available to support discovery
o Available in CrossRef search
Publisher/CrossRef writes metadata back to ORCID record
o Holder notified, can control visibility
o Saves effort updating record
o Information flow to other systems such as local profile (e.g.
I've linked my ORCID record with my VIVO profile)
Similar process for datasets, mediated by DataCite
ref: http://orcid.org/blog/2014/11/21/new-functionality-friday-auto-update-your-orcid-record
Funder workflow
• Use for applicants and reviewers
• Profile data reduces applicant/grantee form filling burden
• Improve reporting accuracy
• Pull publications, datasets and other works based on ORCID iD
ref: http://support.orcid.org/knowledgebase/articles/426596-orcid-funder-workflow
An ounce of ambiguity avoidance is worth a
pound of disambiguation
-- with apologies to Benjamin Franklin
• Workflow integration avoids name ambiguity at source
• Resulting data good for disambiguation of older data
• Resulting data good for compilation of authority records
“How much information should my
ORCID record have?”
Minimal record
Registration is really quick and
easy, 30 seconds perhaps
1. name
2. email
3. password
4. agree to privacy policy and
conditions
A minimal ORCID record that is
enough to get an iD and use it in
research workflows
Helpful ORCID record
Reasons to add a little more information:
1. Provide enough information so that someone who follows a
link to your record, or searches for you, can understand which
"John Smith" you are
o alternate names
o education and employment information
o a few works. Everyone likes to show off their best work …
o opens the door for disambiguation of existing data
1. Provide other identifiers so that ORCID can act as a
switchboard to connect your identities in different systems.
o local profile id (e.g. my VIVO id at Cornell)
o Scopus Author ID, Researcher ID, ISNI
o (Using the search and link wizards that connect to these
other systems is also the easiest way to add works.)
Expansive ORCID record
There are many import wizards which not only allow
o connection of an ORCID record to other identifiers
o also import of works, grants, etc..
o source is recorded and provides way to assess trust
ORCID registry has facilities for users to enter works themselves,
specify their roles, etc..
ORCID UI groups information about the same work from multiple
sources
o user may select preferred one to display
You may make your ORCID record a complete picture research
contributions if you choose. But a complete record isn't necessary
for ORCID to work.
ORCID as a hub identifier
ORCID is a hub
Other Identifiers
Funders
Higher Education
and Employers
Professional Associations
Repositories
Publishers
The ORCID identifier
connects researchers
with their works
(papers, grants,
datasets, and more),
organizations, and
other identifiers.
ORCID APIs enable data
exchange between
research information
systems.
DOI
DOI
ISBN
Thesis ID
ISNI
Researcher ID
Scopus Author ID
Internal identifiers
Member ID
Abstract ID
Member ID
Abstract ID
FundRef
GrantID
Hub identifier linking to other
identifiers and to profiles in
other systems
… and data in machine form too
$ curl –H “Accept: application/orcid+xml”
“http://pub.orcid.org/0000-0002-7970-7855/orcid-bio”
| grep external-id-url
<external-id-url>
http://isni.org/isni/0000000351311901
</external-id-url>
<external-id-url>
http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416
</external-id-url>
<external-id-url>
http://www.researcherid.com/rid/E-2423-2011
</external-id-url>
<external-id-url>
http://www.scopus.com/inward/authorDetails.url?authorID=7103063073&p
artnerID=MN8TOARS
</external-id-url>
Thanks for listening!
Pointers
Register at https://orcid.org/register if you haven’t already!
http://orcid.org/
• Research organizations: http://orcid.org/organizations/institutions
• Publishers: http://orcid.org/organizations/publishers
• Associations: http://orcid.org/organizations/associations
• Funders: http://orcid.org/organizations/funders
• Researchers: http://orcid.org/content/initiative
Membership http://orcid.org/about/membership
• Questions: [email protected]
Blog http://orcid.org/category/newsletter/blog